Amazon Ad

Saturday, September 20, 2008

A new GB/CB/1905 photograph

This photograph is a departure for me. It did not originate with a photograph that I edited but with a drawing that is posted to KentishKnock.com. The drawing originated from a pencil drawing that I originally did in May 2001. I did graphic editing on the drawing later. I took that drawing, which shows the ship in perspective and "flattened" it. I used the GIMP and the pespective transformation along with some further editing. I have a new design to go with the photograph. The photograph is scaled from my only surviving pencil drawing, dating from the early 1970's. The original only had 4in side armour, because we assumed that it would be necessary to obtain a 33 knot speed. This design shows that with the same armour coverage as the original drawing, that the side armour can be upgraded to 6in thickness:
GB/CB/1905 Uparmoured, Great Britain Battlecruiser laid down 1905 (Engine 1908)

Displacement:
 24,410 t light; 25,246 t standard; 29,225 t normal; 32,408 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
 (776.00 ft / 770.00 ft) x 80.00 ft x (27.00 / 29.44 ft)
 (236.52 m / 234.70 m) x 24.38 m  x (8.23 / 8.97 m)

Armament:
      4 - 12.00" / 305 mm 45.0 cal guns - 850.00lbs / 385.55kg shells, 90 per gun
   Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1905 Model
   2 x Twin mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
      9 - 6.00" / 152 mm 45.0 cal guns - 108.92lbs / 49.41kg shells, 150 per gun
   Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1905 Model
   8 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
   1 x Single mount on centreline, aft deck forward
  1 raised mount
      Weight of broadside 4,380 lbs / 1,987 kg

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 6.00" / 152 mm 470.00 ft / 143.26 m 9.00 ft / 2.74 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
 Upper: 6.00" / 152 mm 340.00 ft / 103.63 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
   Main Belt covers 94 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Torpedo Bulkhead - Additional damage containing bulkheads:
  1.00" / 25 mm 555.00 ft / 169.16 m 27.00 ft / 8.23 m
 Beam between torpedo bulkheads 56.00 ft / 17.07 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 5.00" / 127 mm  8.00" / 203 mm
 2nd: 4.00" / 102 mm 3.00" / 76 mm  4.00" / 102 mm

   - Protected deck - single deck:
 For and Aft decks: 2.00" / 51 mm
 Forecastle: 2.00" / 51 mm  Quarter deck: 2.00" / 51 mm

   - Conning towers: Forward 8.00" / 203 mm, Aft 5.00" / 127 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Direct drive, 4 shafts, 176,160 shp / 131,415 Kw = 33.00 kts
 Range 5,800nm at 18.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 7,162 tons

Complement:
 1,116 - 1,452

Cost:
 £2.518 million / $10.072 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 880 tons, 3.0 %
    - Guns: 880 tons, 3.0 %
 Armour: 5,227 tons, 17.9 %
    - Belts: 1,790 tons, 6.1 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 554 tons, 1.9 %
    - Armament: 915 tons, 3.1 %
    - Armour Deck: 1,703 tons, 5.8 %
    - Conning Towers: 266 tons, 0.9 %
 Machinery: 8,897 tons, 30.4 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 9,406 tons, 32.2 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4,815 tons, 16.5 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   28,878 lbs / 13,099 Kg = 33.4 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 3.0 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.28
 Metacentric height 5.6 ft / 1.7 m
 Roll period: 14.2 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 57 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.39
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.15

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has low quarterdeck ,
   a ram bow and a cruiser stern
 Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.615 / 0.625
 Length to Beam Ratio: 9.63 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 27.75 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 55 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -2.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
    Fore end,  Aft end
    - Forecastle: 20.00 %,  30.00 ft / 9.14 m,  28.00 ft / 8.53 m
    - Forward deck: 30.00 %,  28.00 ft / 8.53 m,  26.00 ft / 7.92 m
    - Aft deck: 25.00 %,  26.00 ft / 7.92 m,  26.00 ft / 7.92 m
    - Quarter deck: 25.00 %,  18.00 ft / 5.49 m,  18.00 ft / 5.49 m
    - Average freeboard:  24.86 ft / 7.58 m
 Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 159.7 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 207.0 %
 Waterplane Area: 45,688 Square feet or 4,245 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 108 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 139 lbs/sq ft or 681 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.99
  - Longitudinal: 1.12
  - Overall: 1.00
 Cramped machinery, storage, compartmentation space
 Excellent accommodation and workspace room

Sunday, September 14, 2008

The GB/CA/1921 New Armoured Cruiser (Updated)

This is my current concept for a British 1921-style armoured cruiser. Since the battlecruisers will be carrying larger guns, the armoured cruiser can use the 12in/50 gun. This is the updated Springsharp report which includes a range, which had been inadvertently omitted:
GB/CA/1921 New, Great Britain Armoured Cruiser laid down 1921 (Engine 1927)

Displacement:
 26,936 t light; 28,084 t standard; 29,813 t normal; 31,196 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
 (770.82 ft / 765.00 ft) x 87.00 ft x (26.00 / 26.97 ft)
 (234.95 m / 233.17 m) x 26.52 m  x (7.92 / 8.22 m)

Armament:
      9 - 12.00" / 305 mm 50.0 cal guns - 915.01lbs / 415.04kg shells, 90 per gun
   Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1921 Model
   3 x Triple mounts on centreline ends, majority forward
  1 raised mount - superfiring
      16 - 5.50" / 140 mm 50.0 cal guns - 85.01lbs / 38.56kg shells, 150 per gun
   Quick firing guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1921 Model
   8 x Twin mounts on sides, forward deck aft
      6 - 4.70" / 119 mm 45.0 cal guns - 52.36lbs / 23.75kg shells, 150 per gun
   Anti-air guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1921 Model
   6 x Single mounts on sides, aft deck forward
  6 raised mounts
      Weight of broadside 9,909 lbs / 4,495 kg

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 9.00" / 229 mm 520.00 ft / 158.50 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
 Upper: 7.00" / 178 mm 520.00 ft / 158.50 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
   Main Belt covers 105 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Torpedo Bulkhead - Additional damage containing bulkheads:
  1.50" / 38 mm 520.00 ft / 158.50 m 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
 Beam between torpedo bulkheads 55.00 ft / 16.76 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 9.00" / 229 mm 7.00" / 178 mm  9.00" / 229 mm
 2nd: 4.00" / 102 mm 4.00" / 102 mm  4.00" / 102 mm

   - Armoured deck - multiple decks:
 For and Aft decks: 2.00" / 51 mm
 Forecastle: 2.00" / 51 mm  Quarter deck: 2.00" / 51 mm

   - Conning towers: Forward 9.00" / 229 mm, Aft 7.00" / 178 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 167,706 shp / 125,109 Kw = 33.00 kts
 Range 5,400nm at 16.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 3,112 tons

Complement:
 1,133 - 1,474

Cost:
 £6.914 million / $27.655 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 2,070 tons, 6.9 %
    - Guns: 2,070 tons, 6.9 %
 Armour: 7,938 tons, 26.6 %
    - Belts: 2,770 tons, 9.3 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 750 tons, 2.5 %
    - Armament: 2,220 tons, 7.4 %
    - Armour Deck: 1,867 tons, 6.3 %
    - Conning Towers: 331 tons, 1.1 %
 Machinery: 5,294 tons, 17.8 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 11,634 tons, 39.0 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,876 tons, 9.6 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   38,164 lbs / 17,311 Kg = 44.2 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 4.7 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.07
 Metacentric height 4.6 ft / 1.4 m
 Roll period: 16.9 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 51 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.77
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.01

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has a flush deck,
   an extended bulbous bow and small transom stern
 Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.603 / 0.608
 Length to Beam Ratio: 8.79 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 29.66 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 56 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 10.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
 Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
    Fore end,  Aft end
    - Forecastle: 20.00 %,  33.00 ft / 10.06 m,  28.00 ft / 8.53 m
    - Forward deck: 30.00 %,  28.00 ft / 8.53 m,  24.00 ft / 7.32 m
    - Aft deck: 35.00 %,  24.00 ft / 7.32 m,  24.00 ft / 7.32 m
    - Quarter deck: 15.00 %,  24.00 ft / 7.32 m,  24.00 ft / 7.32 m
    - Average freeboard:  25.80 ft / 7.86 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 140.5 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 209.7 %
 Waterplane Area: 50,052 Square feet or 4,650 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 105 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 171 lbs/sq ft or 835 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.98
  - Longitudinal: 1.19
  - Overall: 1.00
 Cramped machinery, storage, compartmentation space
 Excellent accommodation and workspace room

Friday, September 12, 2008

My Ger/BB/1905 Flush Decked picture is getting better

I have done more work on my photograph of a Ger/BB/1905 Flush-Decked battleship. This was a concept that I had in the early 1970's for a German ship with 8-12in/45 and 12-6in QF guns.

Saturday, September 06, 2008

The GB/CB/1916 with a long belt

With a long belt, the GB/CB/1916 can still make 34 knots. The original concept for the design was to use a very short armour belt so as to make the maximum speed. This is a version with a longer belt (110% of normal). This is the Springsharp report:
GB/CB/1916 Protected, Great Britain Battlecruiser laid down 1916 (Engine 1921)

Displacement:
 42,841 t light; 44,542 t standard; 46,914 t normal; 48,811 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
 (862.86 ft / 855.00 ft) x 105.00 ft x (31.00 / 32.02 ft)
 (263.00 m / 260.60 m) x 32.00 m  x (9.45 / 9.76 m)

Armament:
      6 - 16.50" / 419 mm 45.0 cal guns - 2,265.01lbs / 1,027.39kg shells, 90 per gun
   Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1916 Model
   2 x Triple mounts on centreline, forward deck forward
  1 raised mount - superfiring
      10 - 6.00" / 152 mm 45.0 cal guns - 100.00lbs / 45.36kg shells, 150 per gun
   Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1916 Model
   10 x Single mounts on sides, forward deck aft
  2 raised mounts - superfiring
      Weight of broadside 14,590 lbs / 6,618 kg

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 12.0" / 305 mm 610.00 ft / 185.93 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
 Upper: 8.00" / 203 mm 610.00 ft / 185.93 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
   Main Belt covers 110 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
   Main Belt inclined -12.00 degrees (positive = in)

   - Torpedo Bulkhead - Additional damage containing bulkheads:
  2.00" / 51 mm 610.00 ft / 185.93 m 31.00 ft / 9.45 m
 Beam between torpedo bulkheads 64.00 ft / 19.51 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 12.0" / 305 mm 8.00" / 203 mm  12.0" / 305 mm
 2nd: 4.00" / 102 mm 3.00" / 76 mm  4.00" / 102 mm

   - Armoured deck - multiple decks:
 For and Aft decks: 3.00" / 76 mm
 Forecastle: 3.00" / 76 mm  Quarter deck: 3.00" / 76 mm

   - Conning towers: Forward 12.00" / 305 mm, Aft 8.00" / 203 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 259,314 shp / 193,448 Kw = 34.00 kts
 Range 5,400nm at 16.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 4,269 tons

Complement:
 1,593 - 2,071

Cost:
 £6.740 million / $26.962 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 2,467 tons, 5.3 %
    - Guns: 2,467 tons, 5.3 %
 Armour: 12,455 tons, 26.5 %
    - Belts: 4,052 tons, 8.6 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 1,399 tons, 3.0 %
    - Armament: 2,808 tons, 6.0 %
    - Armour Deck: 3,635 tons, 7.7 %
    - Conning Towers: 560 tons, 1.2 %
 Machinery: 8,930 tons, 19.0 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 18,989 tons, 40.5 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4,073 tons, 8.7 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   62,606 lbs / 28,398 Kg = 27.9 x 16.5 " / 419 mm shells or 7.7 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.13
 Metacentric height 6.8 ft / 2.1 m
 Roll period: 16.9 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 56 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.71
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.12

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has low quarterdeck ,
   an extended bulbous bow and a cruiser stern
 Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.590 / 0.594
 Length to Beam Ratio: 8.14 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 29.24 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 56 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 12.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
    Fore end,  Aft end
    - Forecastle: 20.00 %,  37.00 ft / 11.28 m,  32.00 ft / 9.75 m
    - Forward deck: 30.00 %,  32.00 ft / 9.75 m,  30.00 ft / 9.14 m
    - Aft deck: 22.00 %,  30.00 ft / 9.14 m,  30.00 ft / 9.14 m
    - Quarter deck: 28.00 %,  22.00 ft / 6.71 m,  23.00 ft / 7.01 m
    - Average freeboard:  29.00 ft / 8.84 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 144.8 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 237.8 %
 Waterplane Area: 65,049 Square feet or 6,043 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 108 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 209 lbs/sq ft or 1,020 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.97
  - Longitudinal: 1.41
  - Overall: 1.00
 Cramped machinery, storage, compartmentation space
 Excellent accommodation and workspace room

Thursday, September 04, 2008

A GB/CB/1916 design with better protection

This design is to answer the question about how fast a GB/CB/1916 design ship could be with 12in armour. This is the Springsharp report:
GB/CB/1916 Protected, Great Britain Battlecruiser laid down 1916 (Engine 1921)

Displacement:
 42,991 t light; 44,696 t standard; 47,073 t normal; 48,975 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
 (862.86 ft / 855.00 ft) x 105.00 ft x (31.00 / 32.02 ft)
 (263.00 m / 260.60 m) x 32.00 m  x (9.45 / 9.76 m)

Armament:
      6 - 16.50" / 419 mm 45.0 cal guns - 2,265.00lbs / 1,027.39kg shells, 90 per gun
   Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1916 Model
   2 x Triple mounts on centreline, forward deck forward
  1 raised mount - superfiring
      10 - 6.00" / 152 mm 45.0 cal guns - 100.00lbs / 45.36kg shells, 150 per gun
   Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1916 Model
   10 x Single mounts on sides, forward deck aft
  2 raised mounts - superfiring
      Weight of broadside 14,590 lbs / 6,618 kg

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 12.0" / 305 mm 485.00 ft / 147.83 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
 Upper: 8.00" / 203 mm 485.00 ft / 147.83 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
   Main Belt covers 87 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
   Main Belt inclined -12.00 degrees (positive = in)

   - Torpedo Bulkhead - Additional damage containing bulkheads:
  2.00" / 51 mm 485.00 ft / 147.83 m 31.00 ft / 9.45 m
 Beam between torpedo bulkheads 64.00 ft / 19.51 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 12.0" / 305 mm 8.00" / 203 mm  12.0" / 305 mm
 2nd: 4.00" / 102 mm 3.00" / 76 mm  4.00" / 102 mm

   - Armoured deck - multiple decks:
 For and Aft decks: 3.00" / 76 mm
 Forecastle: 3.00" / 76 mm  Quarter deck: 3.00" / 76 mm

   - Conning towers: Forward 12.00" / 305 mm, Aft 8.00" / 203 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 292,552 shp / 218,244 Kw = 35.00 kts
 Range 5,400nm at 16.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 4,279 tons

Complement:
 1,597 - 2,077

Cost:
 £7.011 million / $28.045 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 2,467 tons, 5.2 %
    - Guns: 2,467 tons, 5.2 %
 Armour: 11,486 tons, 24.4 %
    - Belts: 3,362 tons, 7.1 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 1,113 tons, 2.4 %
    - Armament: 2,808 tons, 6.0 %
    - Armour Deck: 3,642 tons, 7.7 %
    - Conning Towers: 562 tons, 1.2 %
 Machinery: 10,074 tons, 21.4 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 18,964 tons, 40.3 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4,082 tons, 8.7 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   57,998 lbs / 26,307 Kg = 25.8 x 16.5 " / 419 mm shells or 6.6 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.15
 Metacentric height 6.9 ft / 2.1 m
 Roll period: 16.7 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 52 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.68
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.03

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has low quarterdeck ,
   an extended bulbous bow and a cruiser stern
 Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.592 / 0.596
 Length to Beam Ratio: 8.14 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 29.24 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 57 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 12.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
    Fore end,  Aft end
    - Forecastle: 20.00 %,  37.00 ft / 11.28 m,  32.00 ft / 9.75 m
    - Forward deck: 30.00 %,  32.00 ft / 9.75 m,  30.00 ft / 9.14 m
    - Aft deck: 22.00 %,  30.00 ft / 9.14 m,  30.00 ft / 9.14 m
    - Quarter deck: 28.00 %,  22.00 ft / 6.71 m,  23.00 ft / 7.01 m
    - Average freeboard:  29.00 ft / 8.84 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 157.1 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 237.7 %
 Waterplane Area: 65,170 Square feet or 6,055 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 105 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 208 lbs/sq ft or 1,017 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.96
  - Longitudinal: 1.39
  - Overall: 1.00
 Cramped machinery, storage, compartmentation space
 Excellent accommodation and workspace room

Amazon Context Links