Repulse, anachronistic, Great Britain Battlecruiser laid down 1914 (Engine 1917)
Displacement:
28,106 t light; 29,355 t standard; 31,201 t normal; 32,678 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(800.23 ft / 794.00 ft) x 90.00 ft x (27.00 / 28.02 ft)
(243.91 m / 242.01 m) x 27.43 m x (8.23 / 8.54 m)
Armament:
6 - 15.00" / 381 mm 42.0 cal guns - 1,940.00lbs / 879.97kg shells, 90 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1914 Model
2 x Triple mounts on centreline, forward evenly spread
1 raised mount
16 - 4.00" / 102 mm 45.0 cal guns - 32.27lbs / 14.64kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mounts , 1914 Model
8 x Twin mounts on sides, forward deck aft
8 raised mounts
Weight of broadside 12,156 lbs / 12,156 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 6.00" / 152 mm 425.00 ft / 129.54 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
Ends: 4.00" / 102 mm 320.00 ft / 97.54 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
49.00 ft / 14.94 m Unarmoured ends
Main Belt covers 82 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
2.00" / 51 mm 425.00 ft / 129.54 m 27.00 ft / 8.23 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 6.00" / 152 mm 8.00" / 203 mm
2nd: 4.00" / 102 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 4.00" / 102 mm
- Armour deck: 3.00" / 76 mm, Conning tower: 8.00" / 203 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 4 shafts, 140,589 shp / 104,879 Kw = 31.00 kts
Range 5,600nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 3,323 tons
Complement:
1,173 - 1,525
Cost:
£3.321 million / $13.285 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 1,635 tons, 5.2 %
Armour: 7,824 tons, 25.1 %
- Belts: 2,542 tons, 8.1 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 849 tons, 2.7 %
- Armament: 1,453 tons, 4.7 %
- Armour Deck: 2,810 tons, 9.0 %
- Conning Tower: 171 tons, 0.5 %
Machinery: 5,154 tons, 16.5 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 14,052 tons, 45.0 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,095 tons, 9.9 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
43,986 lbs / 19,952 Kg = 26.1 x 15.0 " / 381 mm shells or 5.8 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.13
Metacentric height 5.3 ft / 1.6 m
Roll period: 16.4 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 64 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.96
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.28
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
a normal bow and a round stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.566 / 0.571
Length to Beam Ratio: 8.82 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 28.18 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 51 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 9.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 1.00 ft / 0.30 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 33.00 ft / 10.06 m, 27.00 ft / 8.23 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 27.00 ft / 8.23 m, 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
- Aft deck: 35.00 %, 24.00 ft / 7.32 m, 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 24.00 ft / 7.32 m, 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
- Average freeboard: 25.68 ft / 7.83 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 103.5 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 203.0 %
Waterplane Area: 50,626 Square feet or 4,703 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 117 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 187 lbs/sq ft or 913 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.96
- Longitudinal: 1.37
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
Saturday, March 24, 2007
My anachronistic Repulse design
Today, I thought that I would try an anachronistic Repulse design, somewhat along the lines of what I had drawn almost 20 years ago. My pencil drawing from tonight is not as polished as what I had done in the past, sadly. My main tweaks are a flush-decked hull and two triple 15in turrets forward. The side armour is 6in, with 4in at the ends. The deck is 3in with a 1.5in torpedo bulkhead. The maximum on the turrets and barbettes is 8in. I settled for a speed of 31 knots. The design works reasonably well, except that the displacement needed to be substantially more to achieve adequate strength, while keeping the draft at just 27ft. This is the Springsharp 3.0b1 Beta report:
Friday, March 23, 2007
Give me a fast ship
I was interested to read, in Friedman's U.S. Cruisers: An Illustrated Design History about how the U.S. Navy decided in the 1920's that they did not need large, fast ships above the size of destroyers. The reasoning was that aviation obviated the need for speed. The last fast ship designs that were actually built, in some form, in the period were the Omaha class light cruisers and the Lexington and Saratoga. The heavy cruisers were built with moderate speeds, despite the American toying, in the 1916 to 1921 period with 35-knot ships. The Japanese went ahead and built their 35 knot 8in-gunned cruisers, but the Americans didn't. This attitude about speed prevailed up through the early 1940's. The only reason that the Iowa class fast battleships were built is that they were championed by President Roosevelt. The navy opposed them. They were such a "bad idea" that they lasted in service much longer than any other battleship.
Thursday, March 22, 2007
Something about my anachronistic Inconstant design is bothering Springsharp 3.0b1 Beta
I was surprised that I am having so much trouble with Springsharp 3.0b1 Beta, tonight. It has been well-behaved as of late, so this is a nasty surprise. The problem has to do with boilers, percentage coal, and drives. I still have a drive error and can't tell why. I am trying to make an anachronistic Inconstant design. For whatever reason, this has triggered by Springsharp woes. I used my one rule for converting 1860's and 1870's guns to more modern guns, so that the anachronistic ship has 10-7.6in/40 BLR and 6-5.5in/50 QF guns. I moved all the guns to casemates on the hull, so that fixed my recoil and stability problems. The ship is pretty well-protected with a 3in deck and a 1in torpedo bulkhead. This is the Springsharp report:
Inconstant, anachronistic, Great Britain Cruiser laid down 1907 (Engine 1909)
Displacement:
4,267 t light; 4,598 t standard; 5,684 t normal; 6,553 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(348.00 ft / 337.00 ft) x 50.00 ft x (25.50 / 28.30 ft)
(106.07 m / 102.72 m) x 15.24 m x (7.77 / 8.63 m)
Armament:
10 - 7.60" / 193 mm 40.0 cal guns - 210.00lbs / 95.25kg shells, 150 per gun
Breech loading guns in casemate mounts , 1907 Model
10 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
10 hull mounts in casemates- Limited use in heavy seas
6 - 5.50" / 140 mm 50.0 cal guns - 85.00lbs / 38.56kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in casemate mounts , 1907 Model
6 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
6 hull mounts in casemates- Limited use in heavy seas
Weight of broadside 2,610 lbs / 2,610 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Ends: Unarmoured
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
1.00" / 25 mm 215.00 ft / 65.53 m 25.50 ft / 7.77 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 5.00" / 127 mm 4.00" / 102 mm 5.00" / 127 mm
2nd: 4.00" / 102 mm 4.00" / 102 mm 4.00" / 102 mm
- Armour deck: 3.00" / 76 mm, Conning tower: 4.00" / 102 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
ERROR: Revise drives, 2 shafts, 31,724 shp / 23,666 Kw = 25.50 kts
Range 5,600nm at 16.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,955 tons
Complement:
326 - 425
Cost:
£0.467 million / $1.867 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 374 tons, 6.6 %
Armour: 1,146 tons, 20.2 %
- Belts: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 203 tons, 3.6 %
- Armament: 313 tons, 5.5 %
- Armour Deck: 603 tons, 10.6 %
- Conning Tower: 27 tons, 0.5 %
Machinery: 1,442 tons, 25.4 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,541 tons, 27.1 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,417 tons, 24.9 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
6,990 lbs / 3,170 Kg = 31.8 x 7.6 " / 193 mm shells or 1.3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.96
Metacentric height 5.2 ft / 1.6 m
Roll period: 9.2 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 62 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.18
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.24
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
a ram bow and a round stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.463 / 0.481
Length to Beam Ratio: 6.74 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 18.36 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 63 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -3.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 6.00 ft / 1.83 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 19.00 ft / 5.79 m, 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 17.00 ft / 5.18 m, 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
- Aft deck: 35.00 %, 16.00 ft / 4.88 m, 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 16.00 ft / 4.88 m, 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Average freeboard: 16.59 ft / 5.06 m
Ship tends to be wet forward
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 172.8 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 103.0 %
Waterplane Area: 10,865 Square feet or 1,009 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 111 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 78 lbs/sq ft or 379 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.86
- Longitudinal: 4.11
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
Wednesday, March 21, 2007
The anachronistic Ger/BB/1905 design
My anachronistic Ger/BB/1905 works well in Springsharp, if I follow my usual practices. The speed is much higher than what I had envisioned. I had expected that the ship could be pressed to reach 22 nkots. With the sort of machinery that the design has, the ship can reach 25 knots and has 15 knot cruising speed. The ship is much better armed and protected than the Nassau type. This is the Springsharp report:
Ger/BB/1905 anachronistic, Germany Battleship laid down 1908 (Engine 1911)
Displacement:
17,913 t light; 19,019 t standard; 20,828 t normal; 22,275 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(490.00 ft / 490.00 ft) x 90.00 ft x (29.00 / 30.61 ft)
(149.35 m / 149.35 m) x 27.43 m x (8.84 / 9.33 m)
Armament:
8 - 12.00" / 305 mm 45.0 cal guns - 871.37lbs / 395.24kg shells, 150 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1908 Model
4 x Twin mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
2 raised mounts - superfiring
12 - 6.00" / 152 mm 45.0 cal guns - 108.92lbs / 49.41kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in casemate mounts , 1908 Model
12 x Single mounts on sides, forward deck aft
Weight of broadside 8,278 lbs / 8,278 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 12.0" / 305 mm 310.00 ft / 94.49 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Upper: 8.00" / 203 mm 310.00 ft / 94.49 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Main Belt covers 97 % of normal length
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
2.00" / 51 mm 310.00 ft / 94.49 m 29.00 ft / 8.84 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 6.00" / 152 mm 12.0" / 305 mm
2nd: 6.00" / 152 mm 4.00" / 102 mm 6.00" / 152 mm
- Armour deck: 4.00" / 102 mm, Conning tower: 12.00" / 305 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Direct drive, 4 shafts, 59,633 shp / 44,486 Kw = 25.00 kts
Range 5,600nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 3,255 tons
Complement:
866 - 1,126
Cost:
£1.678 million / $6.713 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 1,462 tons, 7.0 %
Armour: 7,388 tons, 35.5 %
- Belts: 2,223 tons, 10.7 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 665 tons, 3.2 %
- Armament: 1,984 tons, 9.5 %
- Armour Deck: 2,321 tons, 11.1 %
- Conning Tower: 196 tons, 0.9 %
Machinery: 2,420 tons, 11.6 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 7,257 tons, 34.8 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,915 tons, 14.0 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
29,590 lbs / 13,422 Kg = 34.2 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 5.3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.20
Metacentric height 6.0 ft / 1.8 m
Roll period: 15.4 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 52 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.46
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.01
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
a normal bow and a cruiser stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.570 / 0.577
Length to Beam Ratio: 5.44 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 22.14 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 59 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 51
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m, 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 21.00 ft / 6.40 m, 19.00 ft / 5.79 m
- Aft deck: 35.00 %, 19.00 ft / 5.79 m, 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 18.00 ft / 5.49 m, 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
- Average freeboard: 19.70 ft / 6.00 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 90.6 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 132.4 %
Waterplane Area: 31,360 Square feet or 2,913 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 110 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 163 lbs/sq ft or 794 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.92
- Longitudinal: 2.26
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
My flush-decked, 1905 German battleship is also an anchronistic design
I was staring at a print of my 1905 German flush-decked battleship photo, and realized that this was another anachronistic design. It is a ship with the dimensions of the Nassau (I think), with super-firing turrets and the forecastle slanting up to a higher, straight bow:
Tuesday, March 20, 2007
The anachronistic Indefatigable with oil-fired boilers
The anachronistic Indefatigable makes a much better ship with oil-fired boilers. This version can make a top speed of 27 knots. The ship is otherwise the same. This is the Springsharp 3.0b1 Beta report:
Indefatigable class, anachronistic, Great Britain Battlecruiser laid down 1911 (Engine 1914)
Displacement:
16,713 t light; 17,475 t standard; 18,958 t normal; 20,144 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(585.75 ft / 580.00 ft) x 80.00 ft x (26.00 / 27.28 ft)
(178.54 m / 176.78 m) x 24.38 m x (7.92 / 8.32 m)
Armament:
8 - 12.00" / 305 mm 45.0 cal guns - 850.00lbs / 385.55kg shells, 90 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1911 Model
1 x Twin mount on centreline, forward evenly spread
1 raised mount
2 x Triple mounts on centreline ends, majority forward
16 - 4.00" / 102 mm 45.0 cal guns - 32.27lbs / 14.64kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mounts , 1911 Model
8 x Twin mounts on sides, forward deck aft
8 raised mounts
Weight of broadside 7,316 lbs / 7,316 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 6.00" / 152 mm 390.00 ft / 118.87 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
Ends: 4.00" / 102 mm 190.00 ft / 57.91 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
Main Belt covers 103 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
2.00" / 51 mm 390.00 ft / 118.87 m 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 7.00" / 178 mm 5.00" / 127 mm 7.00" / 178 mm
2nd: 4.00" / 102 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 4.00" / 102 mm
- Armour deck: 2.00" / 51 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Direct drive, 4 shafts, 68,109 shp / 50,809 Kw = 27.00 kts
Range 5,600nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 2,668 tons
Complement:
807 - 1,050
Cost:
£1.653 million / $6.612 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 1,353 tons, 7.1 %
Armour: 5,293 tons, 27.9 %
- Belts: 2,050 tons, 10.8 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 750 tons, 4.0 %
- Armament: 1,295 tons, 6.8 %
- Armour Deck: 1,198 tons, 6.3 %
- Conning Tower: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 2,624 tons, 13.8 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 7,962 tons, 42.0 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,245 tons, 11.8 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
29,281 lbs / 13,282 Kg = 33.9 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 4.4 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.18
Metacentric height 4.9 ft / 1.5 m
Roll period: 15.2 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 56 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.82
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.40
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
a normal bow and a cruiser stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.550 / 0.557
Length to Beam Ratio: 7.25 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 24.08 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 54 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 40
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 9.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 1.00 ft / 0.30 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 30.00 ft / 9.14 m, 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 26.00 ft / 7.92 m, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
- Aft deck: 35.00 %, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m, 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
- Average freeboard: 25.75 ft / 7.85 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 104.5 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 192.8 %
Waterplane Area: 32,382 Square feet or 3,008 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 110 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 157 lbs/sq ft or 768 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.91
- Longitudinal: 2.22
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
An anachronistic Indefatigable design
One of my drawings in the same style as the Cressy is the Indefatigable. This is another anachronistic design with a flush deck and several triple turrets. I have a drawing:
Indefatigable class, anachronistic, Great Britain Battlecruiser laid down 1911 (Engine 1914)
Displacement:
16,158 t light; 16,920 t standard; 18,958 t normal; 20,588 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(585.75 ft / 580.00 ft) x 80.00 ft x (26.00 / 27.76 ft)
(178.54 m / 176.78 m) x 24.38 m x (7.92 / 8.46 m)
Armament:
8 - 12.00" / 305 mm 45.0 cal guns - 850.00lbs / 385.55kg shells, 90 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1911 Model
1 x Twin mount on centreline, forward evenly spread
1 raised mount
2 x Triple mounts on centreline ends, majority forward
16 - 4.00" / 102 mm 45.0 cal guns - 32.27lbs / 14.64kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mounts , 1911 Model
8 x Twin mounts on sides, forward deck aft
8 raised mounts
Weight of broadside 7,316 lbs / 7,316 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 6.00" / 152 mm 390.00 ft / 118.87 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
Ends: 4.00" / 102 mm 190.00 ft / 57.91 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
Main Belt covers 103 % of normal length
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
2.00" / 51 mm 390.00 ft / 118.87 m 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 7.00" / 178 mm 5.00" / 127 mm 7.00" / 178 mm
2nd: 4.00" / 102 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 4.00" / 102 mm
- Armour deck: 2.00" / 51 mm
Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, steam turbines,
Direct drive, 4 shafts, 50,216 shp / 37,461 Kw = 25.00 kts
Range 5,600nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 3,668 tons (100% coal)
Complement:
807 - 1,050
Cost:
£1.564 million / $6.256 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 1,353 tons, 7.1 %
Armour: 5,293 tons, 27.9 %
- Belts: 2,050 tons, 10.8 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 750 tons, 4.0 %
- Armament: 1,295 tons, 6.8 %
- Armour Deck: 1,198 tons, 6.3 %
- Conning Tower: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 2,128 tons, 11.2 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 7,903 tons, 41.7 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,800 tons, 14.8 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
32,782 lbs / 14,870 Kg = 37.9 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 5.2 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.19
Metacentric height 4.9 ft / 1.5 m
Roll period: 15.2 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 67 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.89
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.68
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
a normal bow and a cruiser stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.550 / 0.559
Length to Beam Ratio: 7.25 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 24.08 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 50 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 40
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 9.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 1.00 ft / 0.30 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 30.00 ft / 9.14 m, 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 26.00 ft / 7.92 m, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
- Aft deck: 35.00 %, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m, 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
- Average freeboard: 25.75 ft / 7.85 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 93.4 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 192.8 %
Waterplane Area: 32,382 Square feet or 3,008 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 117 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 156 lbs/sq ft or 762 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.91
- Longitudinal: 2.25
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather
I wish that there was a convenient way in Springsharp to have paddle wheel propulsion
I have this anachronistic drawing of the American paddle frigate Mississippi that fought for the Union in the American Civil War. I wish that I could do a Springsharp design for the drawing, but it seems impossible, as Springsharp is hard-wired for screw propulsion. I may still post a photograph of my drawing, as I like how the drawing that I did in the latter 1980s looks.
Monday, March 19, 2007
An anachronistic Cressy design
One of my alternate looks is rather 1930's Italian-looking (I fancy). This is another drawing dating from the 1980's:
Cressy class, Great Britain Armoured Cruiser laid down 1911 (Engine 1914)
Displacement:
9,675 t light; 10,080 t standard; 12,000 t normal; 13,536 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(477.48 ft / 472.00 ft) x 69.00 ft x (26.00 / 28.49 ft)
(145.54 m / 143.87 m) x 21.03 m x (7.92 / 8.68 m)
Armament:
2 - 9.20" / 234 mm 45.0 cal guns - 392.66lbs / 178.11kg shells, 150 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mount , 1911 Model
1 x Twin mount on centreline, forward deck forward
12 - 6.00" / 152 mm 45.0 cal guns - 100.00lbs / 45.36kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1911 Model
2 x Triple mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
1 raised mount - superfiring
2 x Triple mounts on sides, forward deck aft
Weight of broadside 1,985 lbs / 1,985 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 6.00" / 152 mm 300.00 ft / 91.44 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
Ends: 4.00" / 102 mm 172.00 ft / 52.43 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
Main Belt covers 98 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
1.00" / 25 mm 300.00 ft / 91.44 m 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 6.00" / 152 mm 4.00" / 102 mm 6.00" / 152 mm
2nd: 5.00" / 127 mm 4.00" / 102 mm 5.00" / 127 mm
- Armour deck: 2.00" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 6.00" / 152 mm
Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 34,142 ihp / 25,470 Kw = 24.00 kts
Range 6,200nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 3,455 tons (100% coal)
Complement:
573 - 745
Cost:
£0.850 million / $3.400 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 473 tons, 3.9 %
Armour: 3,399 tons, 28.3 %
- Belts: 1,655 tons, 13.8 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 289 tons, 2.4 %
- Armament: 588 tons, 4.9 %
- Armour Deck: 800 tons, 6.7 %
- Conning Tower: 68 tons, 0.6 %
Machinery: 2,246 tons, 18.7 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,795 tons, 31.6 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,325 tons, 19.4 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
16,829 lbs / 7,633 Kg = 43.2 x 9.2 " / 234 mm shells or 2.9 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.30
Metacentric height 4.6 ft / 1.4 m
Roll period: 13.6 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 65 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.26
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.29
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
a normal bow and a round stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.496 / 0.511
Length to Beam Ratio: 6.84 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 21.73 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 53 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 9.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 2.00 ft / 0.61 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m, 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 18.00 ft / 5.49 m, 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Aft deck: 35.00 %, 17.00 ft / 5.18 m, 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 17.00 ft / 5.18 m, 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
- Average freeboard: 17.75 ft / 5.41 m
Ship tends to be wet forward
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 107.9 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 123.8 %
Waterplane Area: 21,621 Square feet or 2,009 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 123 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 113 lbs/sq ft or 551 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.93
- Longitudinal: 1.88
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
Making anachronistic ship designs
My approach to making an anachronistic design of a ship dating from the 1860's, usually dated after 1905 but before 1914, is to take the original dimensions and make drawing to look like what you want. You can see the sort of look that has struck my fancy in the past. If the original ship had a waterline length equal to the length "between perpendiculars", I might multiply that by 1.045, or some number like that, to produce a waterline length for a more modern looking hull. The trickiest part is choosing an armament. For ships such as screw frigates, corvettes, or sloops, with many guns, I would rather use a smaller number of larger guns. I am not sure what system I used 18 or 19 years ago. I am not sure of a principled way to do it. At this distance, I would guess that I chose the armament to be rather heavy, using standard sized guns, and used that. For wooden ships, I would rather not use much more than a protective deck and possibly a torpedo bulkhead. Obviously, you also need to armour turrets and barbettes.
Sunday, March 18, 2007
My anachornistic Mersey screw frigate design
I have this pencil drawing from the 1980's of an anachronistic Mersey screw frigate design:
Mersey, anachronistic, Great Britain Cruiser (screw frigate) laid down 1907 (Engine 1909)
Displacement:
4,353 t light; 4,608 t standard; 5,640 t normal; 6,467 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(345.00 ft / 345.00 ft) x 52.00 ft x (21.00 / 23.45 ft)
(105.16 m / 105.16 m) x 15.85 m x (6.40 / 7.15 m)
Armament:
7 - 7.00" / 178 mm 45.0 cal guns - 170.00lbs / 77.11kg shells, 150 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1907 Model
2 x Twin mounts on centreline, forward deck forward
1 raised mount - superfiring
1 x Triple mount on centreline, aft deck aft
6 - 5.50" / 140 mm 45.0 cal guns - 85.00lbs / 38.56kg shells, 150 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1907 Model
2 x Twin mounts on sides, forward deck aft
1 x Twin mount on centreline, aft deck forward
1 raised mount
Weight of broadside 1,700 lbs / 1,700 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Ends: Unarmoured
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
1.00" / 25 mm 225.00 ft / 68.58 m 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 4.00" / 102 mm
2nd: 4.00" / 102 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 4.00" / 102 mm
- Armour deck: 2.00" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 4.00" / 102 mm
Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 1 shaft, 14,417 ihp / 10,755 Kw = 21.00 kts
Range 4,700nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,859 tons (100% coal)
Complement:
325 - 423
Cost:
£0.469 million / $1.877 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 389 tons, 6.9 %
Armour: 1,073 tons, 19.0 %
- Belts: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 175 tons, 3.1 %
- Armament: 435 tons, 7.7 %
- Armour Deck: 436 tons, 7.7 %
- Conning Tower: 27 tons, 0.5 %
Machinery: 1,109 tons, 19.7 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,978 tons, 35.1 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,287 tons, 22.8 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
6,315 lbs / 2,864 Kg = 36.8 x 7.0 " / 178 mm shells or 1.4 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.13
Metacentric height 2.4 ft / 0.7 m
Roll period: 14.2 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 63 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.72
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.27
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
a normal bow and a round stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.524 / 0.538
Length to Beam Ratio: 6.63 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 18.57 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 55 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 18.00 ft / 5.49 m, 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 16.00 ft / 4.88 m, 15.00 ft / 4.57 m
- Aft deck: 35.00 %, 15.00 ft / 4.57 m, 15.00 ft / 4.57 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 15.00 ft / 4.57 m, 15.00 ft / 4.57 m
- Average freeboard: 15.51 ft / 4.73 m
Ship tends to be wet forward
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 147.5 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 105.3 %
Waterplane Area: 11,797 Square feet or 1,096 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 117 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 100 lbs/sq ft or 489 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.90
- Longitudinal: 2.57
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
Saturday, March 17, 2007
Springsharp forced me to use geared turbines
For my anachronistic Agincourt design, to make Springsharp "happy" required that I use geared turbines for the drive, due to the machinery date. This is my original pencil drawing:
Agincourt, anachronistic, Great Britain Battleship laid down 1916 (Engine 1919)
Displacement:
25,197 t light; 26,518 t standard; 27,503 t normal; 28,291 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(675.91 ft / 671.00 ft) x 89.00 ft x (27.00 / 27.63 ft)
(206.02 m / 204.52 m) x 27.13 m x (8.23 / 8.42 m)
Armament:
14 - 12.00" / 305 mm 45.0 cal guns - 850.00lbs / 385.55kg shells, 90 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1916 Model
4 x Triple mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
2 raised mounts - superfiring
20 - 6.00" / 152 mm 45.0 cal guns - 100.00lbs / 45.36kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1916 Model
4 x Twin mounts on sides, evenly spread
4 raised mounts
4 x Triple mounts on sides amidships
10 - 3.00" / 76.2 mm 50.0 cal guns - 12.00lbs / 5.44kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mounts , 1916 Model
4 x Twin mounts on sides, evenly spread
4 raised mounts
1 x Twin mount on centreline, aft deck forward
1 raised mount
Weight of broadside 14,020 lbs / 14,020 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 9.00" / 229 mm 440.00 ft / 134.11 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Ends: 5.00" / 127 mm 200.00 ft / 60.96 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
31.00 ft / 9.45 m Unarmoured ends
Upper: 6.00" / 152 mm 440.00 ft / 134.11 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Main Belt covers 101 % of normal length
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
2.00" / 51 mm 440.00 ft / 134.11 m 27.00 ft / 8.23 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 9.00" / 229 mm 6.00" / 152 mm 9.00" / 229 mm
2nd: 5.00" / 127 mm 4.00" / 102 mm 5.00" / 127 mm
3rd: 3.00" / 76 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm
- Armour deck: 3.00" / 76 mm, Conning tower: 9.00" / 229 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 4 shafts, 52,378 shp / 39,074 Kw = 24.00 kts
Range 5,400nm at 12.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,772 tons
Complement:
1,067 - 1,388
Cost:
£4.095 million / $16.382 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 2,702 tons, 9.8 %
Armour: 9,390 tons, 34.1 %
- Belts: 2,561 tons, 9.3 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 879 tons, 3.2 %
- Armament: 3,355 tons, 12.2 %
- Armour Deck: 2,417 tons, 8.8 %
- Conning Tower: 177 tons, 0.6 %
Machinery: 1,860 tons, 6.8 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 12,328 tons, 44.8 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,306 tons, 8.4 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
46,458 lbs / 21,073 Kg = 53.8 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 7.2 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.15
Metacentric height 5.4 ft / 1.7 m
Roll period: 16.0 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 41 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.94
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.32
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
a normal bow and a cruiser stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.597 / 0.600
Length to Beam Ratio: 7.54 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 25.90 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 45 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 25
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 9.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 31.00 ft / 9.45 m, 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 26.00 ft / 7.92 m, 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
- Aft deck: 35.00 %, 24.00 ft / 7.32 m, 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 24.00 ft / 7.32 m, 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
- Average freeboard: 25.10 ft / 7.65 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 86.1 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 190.2 %
Waterplane Area: 43,555 Square feet or 4,046 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 106 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 192 lbs/sq ft or 938 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.95
- Longitudinal: 1.61
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
Friday, March 16, 2007
An anachronistic Warrior design
The anachronistic Warrior design is even more of a challenge than the Black Prince, because the Warrior has 6-7in guns mounted in superfiring position in two triple turrets. The beam is a more realistic 58.33ft, which makes the stability and recoil issues even more critical. The armament is 4-8in/45 BLR, 14-7in BLR, and 4-4in QF guns. The armour basis is still 4.5in with a 2in deck. The freeboard and maximum speed are lower than the Black Prince design, due to the recoil issue, particularly. Back when I drew the drawing and wrote the specs, I designated the Warrior "BB-1". This is the Springsharp report:
Warrior, anachronistic design, Great Britain Armoured Cruiser laid down 1907 (Engine 1909)
Displacement:
7,296 t light; 7,774 t standard; 9,134 t normal; 10,222 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(400.00 ft / 400.00 ft) x 58.33 ft x (26.00 / 28.47 ft)
(121.92 m / 121.92 m) x 17.78 m x (7.92 / 8.68 m)
Armament:
4 - 8.00" / 203 mm 45.0 cal guns - 250.00lbs / 113.40kg shells, 150 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1907 Model
2 x Twin mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
14 - 7.00" / 178 mm 45.0 cal guns - 172.96lbs / 78.45kg shells, 150 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1907 Model
2 x Triple mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
2 raised mounts
4 x Twin mounts on sides, evenly spread
4 raised mounts
4 - 4.00" / 102 mm 45.0 cal guns - 32.27lbs / 14.64kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1907 Model
2 x Twin mounts on sides, forward deck forward
Weight of broadside 3,551 lbs / 3,551 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 4.50" / 114 mm 265.00 ft / 80.77 m 15.00 ft / 4.57 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 102 % of normal length
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
1.50" / 38 mm 265.00 ft / 80.77 m 27.00 ft / 8.23 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 4.50" / 114 mm 4.00" / 102 mm 4.50" / 114 mm
2nd: 4.50" / 114 mm 4.00" / 102 mm 4.50" / 114 mm
3rd: 3.00" / 76 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 3.00" / 76 mm
- Armour deck: 2.00" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 4.50" / 114 mm
Machinery:
Coal and oil fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
ERROR: Revise drives, 1 shaft, 10,124 ihp / 7,553 Kw = 18.00 kts
Range 5,600nm at 14.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 2,448 tons (100% coal)
Complement:
466 - 607
Cost:
£0.701 million / $2.806 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 809 tons, 8.9 %
Armour: 2,758 tons, 30.2 %
- Belts: 770 tons, 8.4 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 397 tons, 4.3 %
- Armament: 979 tons, 10.7 %
- Armour Deck: 570 tons, 6.2 %
- Conning Tower: 42 tons, 0.5 %
Machinery: 779 tons, 8.5 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,358 tons, 36.8 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,838 tons, 20.1 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
12,910 lbs / 5,856 Kg = 50.4 x 8.0 " / 203 mm shells or 2.9 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.05
Metacentric height 2.4 ft / 0.7 m
Roll period: 15.7 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 38 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.98
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.14
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
a ram bow and a round stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.527 / 0.539
Length to Beam Ratio: 6.86 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 20.00 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 43 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 26
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 19.00 ft / 5.79 m, 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 16.00 ft / 4.88 m, 15.00 ft / 4.57 m
- Aft deck: 35.00 %, 15.00 ft / 4.57 m, 15.00 ft / 4.57 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 15.00 ft / 4.57 m, 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
- Average freeboard: 15.67 ft / 4.77 m
Ship tends to be wet forward
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 95.4 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 95.8 %
Waterplane Area: 15,394 Square feet or 1,430 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 121 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 130 lbs/sq ft or 634 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.91
- Longitudinal: 2.28
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Thursday, March 15, 2007
Another anachronistic Black Prince design
I have a set of anachronistic ship drawings that I really like. They do not work very well in Springsharp, but I like them anyway. This design is based on an anachronistic Black Prince design (designated BB-2) that I drew sometime in the latter 1980's. I have the drawing, although I seem not be able to take a good photograph, for some reason:
Black Prince, anachronistic design, Great Britain Armoured Cruiser laid down 1907 (Engine 1909)
Displacement:
7,642 t light; 8,094 t standard; 9,239 t normal; 10,155 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(404.00 ft / 400.00 ft) x 60.00 ft x (27.00 / 29.09 ft)
(123.14 m / 121.92 m) x 18.29 m x (8.23 / 8.87 m)
Armament:
4 - 8.00" / 203 mm 45.0 cal guns - 250.00lbs / 113.40kg shells, 150 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1907 Model
2 x Twin mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
12 - 7.00" / 178 mm 45.0 cal guns - 172.96lbs / 78.45kg shells, 150 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1907 Model
2 x Twin mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
2 raised mounts
4 x Twin mounts on sides, evenly spread
4 raised mounts
4 - 4.00" / 102 mm 45.0 cal guns - 32.27lbs / 14.64kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1907 Model
2 x Twin mounts on sides, forward deck forward
Weight of broadside 3,205 lbs / 3,205 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 4.50" / 114 mm 265.00 ft / 80.77 m 15.00 ft / 4.57 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 102 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
1.50" / 38 mm 265.00 ft / 80.77 m 27.00 ft / 8.23 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 4.50" / 114 mm 4.00" / 102 mm 4.50" / 114 mm
2nd: 4.50" / 114 mm 4.00" / 102 mm 4.50" / 114 mm
3rd: 3.00" / 76 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 3.00" / 76 mm
- Armour deck: 2.00" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 4.50" / 114 mm
Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, steam turbines,
Direct drive, 1 shaft, 22,024 shp / 16,430 Kw = 22.00 kts
Range 6,500nm at 12.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 2,061 tons (100% coal)
Complement:
470 - 612
Cost:
£0.726 million / $2.905 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 731 tons, 7.9 %
Armour: 2,751 tons, 29.8 %
- Belts: 770 tons, 8.3 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 397 tons, 4.3 %
- Armament: 973 tons, 10.5 %
- Armour Deck: 568 tons, 6.1 %
- Conning Tower: 43 tons, 0.5 %
Machinery: 1,101 tons, 11.9 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,427 tons, 37.1 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,597 tons, 17.3 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
12,037 lbs / 5,460 Kg = 47.0 x 8.0 " / 203 mm shells or 2.6 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.01
Metacentric height 2.4 ft / 0.7 m
Roll period: 16.4 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 46 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.96
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.12
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
a ram bow and a round stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.499 / 0.509
Length to Beam Ratio: 6.67 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 20.00 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 53 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 37
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 4.00 ft / 1.22 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 21.00 ft / 6.40 m, 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 18.00 ft / 5.49 m, 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Aft deck: 35.00 %, 17.00 ft / 5.18 m, 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 17.00 ft / 5.18 m, 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Average freeboard: 17.59 ft / 5.36 m
Ship tends to be wet forward
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 104.9 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 107.2 %
Waterplane Area: 15,354 Square feet or 1,426 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 118 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 128 lbs/sq ft or 627 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.90
- Longitudinal: 2.65
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Wednesday, March 14, 2007
My anachronistic version of the screw frigate Ariadne
This is based on my design for an anachronistic version of the British screw frigate Ariadne. I drew a pencil drawing and wrote down some specifications in the latter 1980's (I think). I went ahead and took advantage of the capacity in the design to better than I had thought at the time. This is the Springsharp report:
Ariadne, anachronistic, Great Britain Cruiser laid down 1907 (Engine 1909)
Displacement:
3,372 t light; 3,561 t standard; 4,427 t normal; 5,120 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(290.00 ft / 290.00 ft) x 50.00 ft x (21.33 / 23.94 ft)
(88.39 m / 88.39 m) x 15.24 m x (6.50 / 7.30 m)
Armament:
6 - 7.00" / 178 mm 45.0 cal guns - 172.00lbs / 78.02kg shells, 150 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1907 Model
2 x Triple mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
2 - 5.50" / 140 mm 45.0 cal guns - 83.90lbs / 38.05kg shells, 150 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mount , 1907 Model
1 x Twin mount on centreline, forward deck centre
1 raised mount
Weight of broadside 1,200 lbs / 1,200 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Ends: Unarmoured
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
1.00" / 25 mm 180.00 ft / 54.86 m 21.33 ft / 6.50 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 4.00" / 102 mm
2nd: 4.00" / 102 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 4.00" / 102 mm
- Armour deck: 3.00" / 76 mm
Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 1 shaft, 11,056 ihp / 8,248 Kw = 20.00 kts
Range 5,300nm at 14.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,559 tons (100% coal)
Complement:
270 - 352
Cost:
£0.351 million / $1.402 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 273 tons, 6.2 %
Armour: 902 tons, 20.4 %
- Belts: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 142 tons, 3.2 %
- Armament: 244 tons, 5.5 %
- Armour Deck: 516 tons, 11.7 %
- Conning Tower: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 850 tons, 19.2 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,485 tons, 33.5 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,055 tons, 23.8 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
5,400 lbs / 2,449 Kg = 31.5 x 7.0 " / 178 mm shells or 1.4 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.25
Metacentric height 2.6 ft / 0.8 m
Roll period: 12.9 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 63 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.54
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.27
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
a ram bow and a round stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.501 / 0.516
Length to Beam Ratio: 5.80 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 17.03 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 58 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 17.00 ft / 5.18 m, 15.00 ft / 4.57 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 15.00 ft / 4.57 m, 15.00 ft / 4.57 m
- Aft deck: 35.00 %, 15.00 ft / 4.57 m, 15.00 ft / 4.57 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 15.00 ft / 4.57 m, 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
- Average freeboard: 15.24 ft / 4.64 m
Ship tends to be wet forward
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 144.4 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 98.4 %
Waterplane Area: 9,297 Square feet or 864 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 120 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 93 lbs/sq ft or 452 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.87
- Longitudinal: 3.49
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
Tuesday, March 13, 2007
A weird, anachronistic CSS Virginia
This is my rather weird CSS Virginia design, which is, of course, anachronistic. The hull is flush-decked and there is a single funnel. All guns are in twin turrets, except that the 2-3in QF are in a twin mount, mounted on the superstructure. The belt and turrets are 4in witha 2in deck. I included a 1in torpedo bulkhead. I had to lower the freeboard, increase the range and speed, to achieve adequate stability and acceptable recoil effects. This is the Springsharp report:
CSS Virginia-anachronistic, Confederate States of America Armoured Ship laid down 1907 (Engine 1909)
Displacement:
3,258 t light; 3,422 t standard; 4,006 t normal; 4,473 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(284.00 ft / 275.00 ft) x 38.50 ft x (22.00 / 24.11 ft)
(86.56 m / 83.82 m) x 11.73 m x (6.71 / 7.35 m)
Armament:
2 - 7.00" / 178 mm 45.0 cal guns - 170.00lbs / 77.11kg shells, 150 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mount , 1907 Model
1 x Triple mount on centreline, forward deck forward
2 - 6.40" / 163 mm 45.0 cal guns - 132.00lbs / 59.87kg shells, 150 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mount , 1907 Model
1 x Twin mount on centreline, aft deck aft
6 - 5.10" / 130 mm 45.0 cal guns - 65.00lbs / 29.48kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1907 Model
6 x Triple mounts on sides, forward deck aft
2 - 3.00" / 76.2 mm 45.0 cal guns - 12.00lbs / 5.44kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mount , 1907 Model
1 x Single mount on centreline, aft deck forward
1 raised mount
Weight of broadside 1,018 lbs / 1,018 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 275.00 ft / 83.82 m 12.00 ft / 3.66 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 154 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
1.00" / 25 mm 190.00 ft / 57.91 m 22.00 ft / 6.71 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 4.00" / 102 mm
2nd: 4.00" / 102 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 4.00" / 102 mm
3rd: 4.00" / 102 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 4.00" / 102 mm
4th: 2.00" / 51 mm 1.00" / 25 mm 2.00" / 51 mm
- Armour deck: 2.00" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 4.00" / 102 mm
Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 8,769 ihp / 6,542 Kw = 19.00 kts
Range 5,500nm at 12.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,051 tons (100% coal)
Complement:
251 - 327
Cost:
£0.307 million / $1.227 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 239 tons, 6.0 %
Armour: 1,318 tons, 32.9 %
- Belts: 488 tons, 12.2 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 155 tons, 3.9 %
- Armament: 366 tons, 9.1 %
- Armour Deck: 287 tons, 7.2 %
- Conning Tower: 22 tons, 0.5 %
Machinery: 675 tons, 16.8 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,148 tons, 28.6 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 749 tons, 18.7 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
4,445 lbs / 2,016 Kg = 25.9 x 7.0 " / 178 mm shells or 1.2 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.02
Metacentric height 1.2 ft / 0.4 m
Roll period: 14.5 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 52 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.92
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.17
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
a ram bow and a cruiser stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.602 / 0.613
Length to Beam Ratio: 7.14 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 16.58 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 57 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 44
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -3.00 degrees
Stern overhang: -3.00 ft / -0.91 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 19.00 ft / 5.79 m, 13.00 ft / 3.96 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 13.00 ft / 3.96 m, 13.00 ft / 3.96 m
- Aft deck: 35.00 %, 13.00 ft / 3.96 m, 13.00 ft / 3.96 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 13.00 ft / 3.96 m, 13.00 ft / 3.96 m
- Average freeboard: 13.48 ft / 4.11 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 162.4 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 76.5 %
Waterplane Area: 7,758 Square feet or 721 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 111 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 80 lbs/sq ft or 390 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.88
- Longitudinal: 3.20
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped
A suitable 1941-style British light cruiser
I would say that a suitable British light cruiser, to be built as part of a program that included my battleship, battlecruiser, and heavy cruiser designs, would be about 12,000 tons and have 12-6in QF and 12-4in AA guns, with a suitable light AA armament, as well. We could probably live with a 2in deck and 4in side armour. I would want to see a 34 knot speed and a range of at least 8500nm.
Monday, March 12, 2007
I severely underestimated the displacement needed for the GB/BB/1941 design
While the battlecruiser worked well, I found that I had severely underestimated the displacment needed for a battleship with 9-18in guns and a speed of 28 knots. Unlike the battlecruiser, I included a light AA armament of sextuple 40mm guns. The belt is 15in and the deck is 7in, so the ship is reasonably well-protected. This is the Springsharp report:
GB/BB/1941, Great Britain Battleship laid down 1941
Displacement:
59,031 t light; 62,186 t standard; 65,325 t normal; 67,836 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(920.54 ft / 915.00 ft) x 120.00 ft x (33.00 / 34.02 ft)
(280.58 m / 278.89 m) x 36.58 m x (10.06 / 10.37 m)
Armament:
9 - 18.00" / 457 mm 45.0 cal guns - 2,940.86lbs / 1,333.95kg shells, 120 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1941 Model
3 x Triple mounts on centreline ends, majority forward
1 raised mount - superfiring
20 - 4.50" / 114 mm 45.0 cal guns - 45.95lbs / 20.84kg shells, 150 per gun
Dual purpose guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1941 Model
6 x Twin mounts on sides, forward evenly spread
6 raised mounts
4 x Twin mounts on sides, aft evenly spread
4 raised mounts
42 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm 45.0 cal guns - 1.97lbs / 0.89kg shells, 150 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck mounts , 1941 Model
3 x 2 row sextuple mounts on centreline ends, majority aft
2 raised mounts - superfiring
4 x 2 row sextuple mounts on sides, evenly spread
4 raised mounts
Weight of broadside 27,469 lbs / 27,469 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 15.0" / 381 mm 570.00 ft / 173.74 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 96 % of normal length
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
4.00" / 102 mm 570.00 ft / 173.74 m 35.00 ft / 10.67 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 16.0" / 406 mm 12.0" / 305 mm 15.0" / 381 mm
2nd: 3.00" / 76 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 3.00" / 76 mm
3rd: 1.00" / 25 mm - -
- Armour deck: 7.00" / 178 mm, Conning tower: 12.00" / 305 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 4 shafts, 132,552 shp / 98,884 Kw = 28.00 kts
Range 8,500nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 5,650 tons
Complement:
2,042 - 2,655
Cost:
£31.625 million / $126.499 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 4,343 tons, 6.6 %
Armour: 25,973 tons, 39.8 %
- Belts: 5,932 tons, 9.1 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 2,953 tons, 4.5 %
- Armament: 5,507 tons, 8.4 %
- Armour Deck: 11,163 tons, 17.1 %
- Conning Tower: 419 tons, 0.6 %
Machinery: 3,503 tons, 5.4 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 26,508 tons, 40.6 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 6,294 tons, 9.6 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
127,372 lbs / 57,775 Kg = 43.7 x 18.0 " / 457 mm shells or 26.1 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.14
Metacentric height 8.5 ft / 2.6 m
Roll period: 17.3 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 74 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.77
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.48
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
a normal bow and small transom stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.631 / 0.636
Length to Beam Ratio: 7.63 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 34.78 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 45 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 9.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 22.00 %, 35.00 ft / 10.67 m, 29.00 ft / 8.84 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 29.00 ft / 8.84 m, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
- Aft deck: 33.00 %, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
- Average freeboard: 27.01 ft / 8.23 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 64.8 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 208.7 %
Waterplane Area: 86,200 Square feet or 8,008 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 114 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 232 lbs/sq ft or 1,131 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.97
- Longitudinal: 1.22
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
I have an 18in gunned battleship design, similar to the battlecruiser
I have a pencil drawing and specifications for a British battleship, circa 1941, that has 9-18in guns. I will do a Springsharp design and post the photo, as well. This series all are equipped with a hanger and cross-deck catapult for aircraft. I must admit that I did not allow for that in the battlecruiser Springsharp design. I probably need to see what sort of weights are involved, if I can find them.
Sunday, March 11, 2007
The GB/CB/1941 design
I tried the GB/CB/1941 design, dating from work I did in the 1980's and the ship worked extremely well in Springsharp 3.0b1 Beta. This is a photograph of my original drawing:
GB/CB/1941, Great Britain Battlecruiser laid down 1941
Displacement:
58,733 t light; 61,433 t standard; 66,120 t normal; 69,870 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(1,007.92 ft / 1,000.00 ft) x 120.00 ft x (35.00 / 36.50 ft)
(307.21 m / 304.80 m) x 36.58 m x (10.67 / 11.13 m)
Armament:
9 - 16.00" / 406 mm 50.0 cal guns - 2,168.09lbs / 983.43kg shells, 120 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1941 Model
3 x Triple mounts on centreline ends, majority forward
1 raised mount - superfiring
20 - 4.50" / 114 mm 45.0 cal guns - 45.95lbs / 20.84kg shells, 150 per gun
Dual purpose guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1941 Model
6 x Twin mounts on sides, forward evenly spread
6 raised mounts
4 x Twin mounts on sides, aft evenly spread
4 raised mounts
Weight of broadside 20,432 lbs / 20,432 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 11.0" / 279 mm 575.00 ft / 175.26 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 88 % of normal length
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
4.00" / 102 mm 575.00 ft / 175.26 m 35.00 ft / 10.67 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 15.0" / 381 mm 10.0" / 254 mm 12.0" / 305 mm
2nd: 3.00" / 76 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 3.00" / 76 mm
- Armour deck: 5.00" / 127 mm, Conning tower: 10.00" / 254 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 4 shafts, 289,659 shp / 216,086 Kw = 35.00 kts
Range 13,000nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 8,437 tons
Complement:
2,061 - 2,680
Cost:
£32.369 million / $129.477 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 3,744 tons, 5.7 %
Armour: 20,347 tons, 30.8 %
- Belts: 4,393 tons, 6.6 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 2,979 tons, 4.5 %
- Armament: 4,551 tons, 6.9 %
- Armour Deck: 8,073 tons, 12.2 %
- Conning Tower: 352 tons, 0.5 %
Machinery: 7,655 tons, 11.6 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 28,220 tons, 42.7 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 7,387 tons, 11.2 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
117,863 lbs / 53,462 Kg = 57.6 x 16.0 " / 406 mm shells or 19.4 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.12
Metacentric height 8.1 ft / 2.5 m
Roll period: 17.7 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 71 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.71
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.43
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
a normal bow and small transom stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.551 / 0.558
Length to Beam Ratio: 8.33 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 36.40 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 52 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 9.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 22.00 %, 50.00 ft / 15.24 m, 35.00 ft / 10.67 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 35.00 ft / 10.67 m, 33.00 ft / 10.06 m
- Aft deck: 33.00 %, 33.00 ft / 10.06 m, 33.00 ft / 10.06 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 33.00 ft / 10.06 m, 33.00 ft / 10.06 m
- Average freeboard: 35.06 ft / 10.69 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 80.6 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 270.0 %
Waterplane Area: 87,272 Square feet or 8,108 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 119 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 223 lbs/sq ft or 1,091 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.96
- Longitudinal: 1.47
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
Saturday, March 10, 2007
Extreme speed at a cost
Perhaps no one but me was interested in knowing what would be required to drive a light battlecruiser to 45 knots. Since I have long had an interest in some these really extreme speeds, I decided to "go for it". The armament is 4-17in BLR and 12-5.5in QF guns. The armour basis is 8in. The deck is just 2in, as is the torpedo bulkhead. The ship is extremely long and has a ridiculous number of shafts (9). This is the Springsharp report:
GB/CB/1921 Super Fast-Alt 2 Version, Great Britain Battlecruiser laid down 1921 (Engine 1945)
Displacement:
47,394 t light; 48,989 t standard; 50,769 t normal; 52,193 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(1,050.87 ft / 1,040.00 ft) x 108.00 ft x (35.00 / 35.67 ft)
(320.30 m / 316.99 m) x 32.92 m x (10.67 / 10.87 m)
Armament:
4 - 17.00" / 432 mm 45.0 cal guns - 2,475.00lbs / 1,122.64kg shells, 90 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1921 Model
2 x Twin mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
12 - 5.50" / 140 mm 45.0 cal guns - 83.90lbs / 38.05kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mount , 1921 Model
1 x Twin mount on sides amidships
Weight of broadside 10,907 lbs / 10,907 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 565.00 ft / 172.21 m 12.00 ft / 3.66 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 84 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
2.00" / 51 mm 565.00 ft / 172.21 m 34.00 ft / 10.36 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 9.00" / 229 mm 5.00" / 127 mm 8.00" / 203 mm
2nd: 4.00" / 102 mm 1.00" / 25 mm 4.00" / 102 mm
- Armour deck: 2.00" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 8.00" / 203 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 9 shafts, 609,116 shp / 454,400 Kw = 45.00 kts
Range 5,400nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 3,204 tons
Complement:
1,690 - 2,198
Cost:
£12.297 million / $49.190 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 1,786 tons, 3.5 %
Armour: 8,062 tons, 15.9 %
- Belts: 2,327 tons, 4.6 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 1,422 tons, 2.8 %
- Armament: 1,318 tons, 2.6 %
- Armour Deck: 2,758 tons, 5.4 %
- Conning Tower: 236 tons, 0.5 %
Machinery: 15,382 tons, 30.3 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 22,738 tons, 44.8 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,374 tons, 6.6 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
49,541 lbs / 22,471 Kg = 20.2 x 17.0 " / 432 mm shells or 5.2 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.23
Metacentric height 8.1 ft / 2.5 m
Roll period: 15.9 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 51 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.40
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.02
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
a normal bow and small transom stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.452 / 0.456
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.63 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 37.14 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 59 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 12.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 3.00 ft / 0.91 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 37.00 ft / 11.28 m, 33.00 ft / 10.06 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 33.00 ft / 10.06 m, 33.00 ft / 10.06 m
- Aft deck: 35.00 %, 33.00 ft / 10.06 m, 33.00 ft / 10.06 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 33.00 ft / 10.06 m, 34.00 ft / 10.36 m
- Average freeboard: 33.40 ft / 10.18 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 142.7 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 277.3 %
Waterplane Area: 74,548 Square feet or 6,926 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 105 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 198 lbs/sq ft or 969 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.96
- Longitudinal: 1.44
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Friday, March 09, 2007
A nice photograph of the battleship Mississippi in dark gray paint
I ran into a very nice photograph of the battleship Mississippi in a dark gray WWII paintjob.
Thursday, March 08, 2007
An alternative "Super Fast" battlecruiser in Springsharp 3.0b1 Beta
I was finally able to design an acceptable "Super Fast" battlecruiser, thanks to Springsharp 3.0b1 Beta. This is a 40-knot ship with 4-17in guns and an 8in armour basis. This is the Springsharp report:
GB/CB/1921 Super Fast-Alt Version, Great Britain Battlecruiser laid down 1921 (Engine 1937)
Displacement:
34,567 t light; 35,809 t standard; 37,362 t normal; 38,604 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(876.54 ft / 867.00 ft) x 102.00 ft x (31.00 / 31.72 ft)
(267.17 m / 264.26 m) x 31.09 m x (9.45 / 9.67 m)
Armament:
4 - 17.00" / 432 mm 45.0 cal guns - 2,475.00lbs / 1,122.64kg shells, 90 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1921 Model
2 x Twin mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
Weight of broadside 9,900 lbs / 9,900 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 565.00 ft / 172.21 m 12.00 ft / 3.66 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 100 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
2.00" / 51 mm 565.00 ft / 172.21 m 30.00 ft / 9.14 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 9.00" / 229 mm 5.00" / 127 mm 8.00" / 203 mm
- Armour deck: 2.00" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 9.00" / 229 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 6 shafts, 344,897 shp / 257,293 Kw = 40.00 kts
Range 5,600nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 2,795 tons
Complement:
1,343 - 1,746
Cost:
£8.837 million / $35.347 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 1,570 tons, 4.2 %
Armour: 7,194 tons, 19.3 %
- Belts: 2,286 tons, 6.1 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 1,254 tons, 3.4 %
- Armament: 1,217 tons, 3.3 %
- Armour Deck: 2,220 tons, 5.9 %
- Conning Tower: 217 tons, 0.6 %
Machinery: 9,559 tons, 25.6 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 16,715 tons, 44.7 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,795 tons, 7.5 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
44,877 lbs / 20,356 Kg = 18.3 x 17.0 " / 432 mm shells or 5.2 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.24
Metacentric height 7.6 ft / 2.3 m
Roll period: 15.5 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 52 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.43
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.03
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
a normal bow and small transom stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.477 / 0.482
Length to Beam Ratio: 8.50 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 34.15 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 60 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 9.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 4.00 ft / 1.22 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 35.00 ft / 10.67 m, 31.00 ft / 9.45 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 31.00 ft / 9.45 m, 30.00 ft / 9.14 m
- Aft deck: 35.00 %, 30.00 ft / 9.14 m, 30.00 ft / 9.14 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 30.00 ft / 9.14 m, 32.00 ft / 9.75 m
- Average freeboard: 30.82 ft / 9.39 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 130.9 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 257.2 %
Waterplane Area: 59,993 Square feet or 5,574 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 106 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 186 lbs/sq ft or 908 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.95
- Longitudinal: 1.66
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Wednesday, March 07, 2007
I was able to make a "super destroyer" work in Springsharp 3.0b1 Beta
This is not as "super" as I would like, but the design still qualifies. This is a 35.5 knot ship, armed with 5-5in/50 QF guns and 8-21in TT. I would have liked a higher speed, but this was what was feasible within the parameters that I used:
GB/DL/1941, Great Britain Destroyer Leader laid down 1941
Displacement:
2,606 t light; 2,708 t standard; 2,982 t normal; 3,201 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(443.28 ft / 435.00 ft) x 42.00 ft x (14.00 / 14.68 ft)
(135.11 m / 132.59 m) x 12.80 m x (4.27 / 4.47 m)
Armament:
5 - 5.50" / 140 mm 50.0 cal guns - 85.00lbs / 38.56kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mounts , 1941 Model
5 x Single mounts on centreline ends, majority forward
2 raised mounts - superfiring
2 - 4.00" / 102 mm 45.0 cal guns - 32.00lbs / 14.51kg shells, 150 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck and hoist mount , 1941 Model
1 x Twin mount on centreline, aft deck forward
1 raised mount
8 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm 45.0 cal guns - 2.00lbs / 0.91kg shells, 150 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck mounts , 1941 Model
2 x Single mounts on sides, aft deck forward
Weight of broadside 505 lbs / 505 kg
8 - 21.0" / 533 mm above water torpedoes
Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 2.00" / 51 mm 1.00" / 25 mm 2.00" / 51 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 66,642 shp / 49,715 Kw = 35.50 kts
Range 4,800nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 493 tons
Complement:
201 - 262
Cost:
£2.239 million / $8.955 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 149 tons, 5.0 %
Armour: 43 tons, 1.4 %
- Belts: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 43 tons, 1.4 %
- Armour Deck: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Conning Tower: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 1,552 tons, 52.1 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 947 tons, 31.8 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 375 tons, 12.6 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
759 lbs / 344 Kg = 9.1 x 5.5 " / 140 mm shells or 0.4 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.24
Metacentric height 2.0 ft / 0.6 m
Roll period: 12.4 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 61 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.54
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.23
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak,
a normal bow and a round stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.408 / 0.418
Length to Beam Ratio: 10.36 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 20.86 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 65 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 9.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 4.00 ft / 1.22 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 27.00 ft / 8.23 m, 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
- Forward deck: 15.00 %, 24.00 ft / 7.32 m, 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
- Aft deck: 50.00 %, 16.00 ft / 4.88 m, 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 16.00 ft / 4.88 m, 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Average freeboard: 19.12 ft / 5.83 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 184.4 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 133.4 %
Waterplane Area: 11,300 Square feet or 1,050 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 73 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 41 lbs/sq ft or 200 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.46
- Longitudinal: 1.95
- Overall: 0.53
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
Tuesday, March 06, 2007
Accurate freeboards and profile in Springsharp 3.0b1
I guess that I am already using Springsharp 3.0b1 Beta. Perhaps the thing that I like the best from the new version is the ability to accurately set the freeboard and getting visual confirmation of what is happening. That was a big flaw in 2.1, in that the freeboard setting was pretty bad.
Monday, March 05, 2007
The original Ger/CB/1905 concept
I was surprised to find that the "original concept" for the Ger/CB/1905 light battlecruiser envisioned a speed of 30 knots, not 31 knots. I may have raised my sights shortly after that, but the original was designed for 30 knots. I created a faithful Springsharp design, using the protection plan in an early pencil drawing. The two changes that I made were to increase the displacement and to increase the draft. In any case, I suspect that my original 19,000 tons was a Standard displacement, not a normal displacement. Otherwise, the design worked, at least with moderately lightweight machinery:
Ger/CB/1905 Original version, Germany Battlecruiser laid down 1905 (Engine 1907)
Displacement:
18,888 t light; 19,530 t standard; 21,702 t normal; 23,439 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(705.00 ft / 700.00 ft) x 80.00 ft x (25.40 / 26.98 ft)
(214.88 m / 213.36 m) x 24.38 m x (7.74 / 8.22 m)
Armament:
4 - 12.00" / 305 mm 45.0 cal guns - 871.37lbs / 395.24kg shells, 90 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1905 Model
2 x Twin mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
2 raised mounts
12 - 4.00" / 102 mm 50.0 cal guns - 33.88lbs / 15.37kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mounts , 1905 Model
12 x Twin mounts on sides, evenly spread
Weight of broadside 3,892 lbs / 3,892 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 385.00 ft / 117.35 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Upper: 3.00" / 76 mm 385.00 ft / 117.35 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Main Belt covers 85 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
1.00" / 25 mm 385.00 ft / 117.35 m 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 9.00" / 229 mm 4.00" / 102 mm 8.00" / 203 mm
2nd: 3.00" / 76 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 3.00" / 76 mm
- Armour deck: 3.00" / 76 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Direct drive, 4 shafts, 101,867 shp / 75,993 Kw = 30.00 kts
Range 5,400nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 3,908 tons
Complement:
893 - 1,162
Cost:
£1.840 million / $7.362 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 720 tons, 3.3 %
Armour: 4,324 tons, 19.9 %
- Belts: 936 tons, 4.3 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 356 tons, 1.6 %
- Armament: 895 tons, 4.1 %
- Armour Deck: 2,137 tons, 9.8 %
- Conning Tower: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 5,788 tons, 26.7 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 8,337 tons, 38.4 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,814 tons, 13.0 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
24,688 lbs / 11,198 Kg = 28.6 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 2.9 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.19
Metacentric height 5.0 ft / 1.5 m
Roll period: 15.1 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 67 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.48
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.34
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak,
a ram bow and a cruiser stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.534 / 0.543
Length to Beam Ratio: 8.75 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 26.46 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 51 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -4.00 degrees
Stern overhang: -3.00 ft / -0.91 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 28.00 %, 32.00 ft / 9.75 m, 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
- Forward deck: 36.00 %, 26.00 ft / 7.92 m, 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
- Aft deck: 21.00 %, 18.00 ft / 5.49 m, 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 18.00 ft / 5.49 m, 20.00 ft / 6.10 m
- Average freeboard: 23.94 ft / 7.30 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 136.1 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 189.3 %
Waterplane Area: 38,501 Square feet or 3,577 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 112 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 141 lbs/sq ft or 690 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.97
- Longitudinal: 1.29
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
I need to move forward to Springsharp 3.0b1 Beta
I have been using Springsharp 3.0b Beta at home, but I need to move forward to 3.0b1, which has been available. I am downloading that version for my laptop, right now. I would recommend that people move forward to the Beta from 2.1, as even though 3.0b1 is a Beta, this version is such an improvement over 2.1 that you need to make the move.
Sunday, March 04, 2007
The original version of my Ger/CB/1906 design from 1971 in Springsharp 3.0b Beta
I tried the original version of the Ger/CB/1906 battlecruiser in Springsharp 3.0b Beta, and found that the main trouble was lack of displacement to allow for adequate structural strength. The ship was intended to make 33 knots, but with the 125,073 SHP, the best that could be done was 31 knots. The original version was designed for 120,000 SHP for 33 knots, was not possible. Much more power is required to reach 33 knots with these dimensions. The armour basis is just 4in and the armament is 8-12in/45 and 12-4in QF guns. This is the Springsharp report:
Ger/CB/1906 Original version, Germany Battlecruiser laid down 1906 (Engine 1908)
Displacement:
23,596 t light; 24,518 t standard; 26,979 t normal; 28,947 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(805.00 ft / 800.00 ft) x 85.00 ft x (26.50 / 27.99 ft)
(245.36 m / 243.84 m) x 25.91 m x (8.08 / 8.53 m)
Armament:
8 - 12.00" / 305 mm 45.0 cal guns - 871.37lbs / 395.24kg shells, 90 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1906 Model
4 x Twin mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
2 raised mounts - superfiring
Aft Main mounts separated by engine room
12 - 4.00" / 102 mm 50.0 cal guns - 33.88lbs / 15.37kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mounts , 1906 Model
12 x Twin mounts on sides, evenly spread
Weight of broadside 7,377 lbs / 7,377 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 420.00 ft / 128.02 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 81 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
1.00" / 25 mm 420.00 ft / 128.02 m 25.60 ft / 7.80 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 6.00" / 152 mm 6.00" / 152 mm 6.00" / 152 mm
2nd: 3.00" / 76 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 3.00" / 76 mm
- Armour deck: 3.00" / 76 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Direct drive, 4 shafts, 125,073 shp / 93,304 Kw = 31.00 kts
Range 5,600nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 4,429 tons
Complement:
1,052 - 1,368
Cost:
£2.405 million / $9.618 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 1,339 tons, 5.0 %
Armour: 5,459 tons, 20.2 %
- Belts: 1,168 tons, 4.3 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 398 tons, 1.5 %
- Armament: 1,323 tons, 4.9 %
- Armour Deck: 2,571 tons, 9.5 %
- Conning Tower: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 6,317 tons, 23.4 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 10,993 tons, 40.7 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,383 tons, 12.5 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
32,219 lbs / 14,614 Kg = 37.3 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 3.6 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.16
Metacentric height 5.1 ft / 1.6 m
Roll period: 15.7 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 72 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.72
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.43
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak,
a ram bow and a cruiser stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.524 / 0.532
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.41 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 28.28 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 48 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
Stern overhang: -3.00 ft / -0.91 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 25.00 %, 33.00 ft / 10.06 m, 27.00 ft / 8.23 m
- Forward deck: 43.00 %, 27.00 ft / 8.23 m, 27.00 ft / 8.23 m
- Aft deck: 17.00 %, 19.00 ft / 5.79 m, 19.00 ft / 5.79 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 19.00 ft / 5.79 m, 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
- Average freeboard: 25.19 ft / 7.68 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 129.8 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 207.4 %
Waterplane Area: 46,318 Square feet or 4,303 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 109 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 156 lbs/sq ft or 760 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.98
- Longitudinal: 1.17
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
My GB/CA/1941 pencil drawing
From the paper that I drew this on, and from the general date of all the pages in this folder, the GB/CA/1941 design (my current designation) must have been drawn in the latter 1980's. I just photographed the page, as I like the drawing quite a bit:
Saturday, March 03, 2007
The GB/CA/1941 is a super ship that works well in Springsharp
I have this pencil drawing, dated from the 1980's of the GB/CB/1941, which has considerable specifications, as well as the pencil drawing. I implemented the ship in Springsharp 3.0b Beta, and the ship works very well. The cruiser is armed with 9-9.2in/50 guns and has a top speed of 35 knots. I will post the drawing quite soon, as it is memorable. The armour basis is 5in. This is the Springsharp report:
GB/CA/1941, Great Britain Armoured Cruiser laid down 1941
Displacement:
18,490 t light; 19,179 t standard; 20,198 t normal; 21,012 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(723.93 ft / 720.00 ft) x 80.00 ft x (23.00 / 23.72 ft)
(220.65 m / 219.46 m) x 24.38 m x (7.01 / 7.23 m)
Armament:
9 - 9.20" / 234 mm 50.0 cal guns - 412.17lbs / 186.96kg shells, 120 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1941 Model
3 x Triple mounts on centreline ends, majority forward
1 raised mount - superfiring
Aft Main mounts separated by engine room
12 - 4.00" / 102 mm 45.0 cal guns - 32.00lbs / 14.51kg shells, 150 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck and hoist mounts , 1941 Model
6 x Twin mounts on sides, evenly spread
6 raised mounts
24 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm 45.0 cal guns - 1.97lbs / 0.89kg shells, 250 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck mounts , 1941 Model
2 x 2 row sextuple mounts on sides, evenly spread
2 raised mounts
2 x 2 row sextuple mounts on centreline, aft deck aft
1 raised mount - superfiring
Weight of broadside 4,141 lbs / 4,141 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 5.00" / 127 mm 460.00 ft / 140.21 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Upper: 5.00" / 127 mm 460.00 ft / 140.21 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Main Belt covers 98 % of normal length
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 6.00" / 152 mm 4.00" / 102 mm 5.00" / 127 mm
2nd: 1.00" / 25 mm 1.00" / 25 mm 1.00" / 25 mm
3rd: 1.00" / 25 mm 1.00" / 25 mm -
- Armour deck: 3.00" / 76 mm, Conning tower: 6.00" / 152 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 4 shafts, 178,891 shp / 133,453 Kw = 35.00 kts
Range 5,400nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,833 tons
Complement:
846 - 1,101
Cost:
£10.726 million / $42.906 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 1,016 tons, 5.0 %
Armour: 4,625 tons, 22.9 %
- Belts: 1,553 tons, 7.7 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 779 tons, 3.9 %
- Armour Deck: 2,197 tons, 10.9 %
- Conning Tower: 96 tons, 0.5 %
Machinery: 4,728 tons, 23.4 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 8,630 tons, 42.7 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,708 tons, 8.5 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
28,034 lbs / 12,716 Kg = 72.0 x 9.2 " / 234 mm shells or 2.4 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.13
Metacentric height 4.5 ft / 1.4 m
Roll period: 15.9 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 57 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.51
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.14
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
a normal bow and a cruiser stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.534 / 0.538
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.00 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 26.83 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 58 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 7.00 degrees
Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 32.00 ft / 9.75 m, 29.00 ft / 8.84 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 29.00 ft / 8.84 m, 27.00 ft / 8.23 m
- Aft deck: 35.00 %, 27.00 ft / 8.23 m, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m, 23.00 ft / 7.01 m
- Average freeboard: 27.14 ft / 8.27 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 95.4 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 240.0 %
Waterplane Area: 39,587 Square feet or 3,678 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 111 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 140 lbs/sq ft or 683 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.95
- Longitudinal: 1.58
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Friday, March 02, 2007
My "Super Swift" design in Springsharp 3.0b Beta
I am not particularly pleased with my Super Swift design in Springsharp 3.0b Beta. I had to accept a 35 knot speed and lower displacement, to achieve adequate seakeeping. I also had to raise the freeboard and increase the draft. The ship was supposed to be a 37 knot scout with 6-4in QF guns and 2-21in TT with reloads. I was forced to use geared turbines to remove the "revise drives" error message. This is the Springsharp report:
Super Swift, Great Britain Scout Cruiser laid down 1912 (Engine 1941)
Displacement:
1,749 t light; 1,806 t standard; 2,023 t normal; 2,196 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(357.10 ft / 355.00 ft) x 37.00 ft x (14.00 / 14.76 ft)
(108.84 m / 108.20 m) x 11.28 m x (4.27 / 4.50 m)
Armament:
6 - 4.00" / 102 mm 50.0 cal guns - 33.88lbs / 15.37kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mounts , 1912 Model
2 x Single mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
4 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
Weight of broadside 203 lbs / 203 kg
2 - 21.0" / 533 mm above water torpedoes
Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 2.00" / 51 mm - 2.00" / 51 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 54,998 shp / 41,029 Kw = 35.00 kts
Range 4,800nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 390 tons
Complement:
150 - 196
Cost:
£0.240 million / $0.958 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 62 tons, 3.1 %
Armour: 30 tons, 1.5 %
- Belts: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 30 tons, 1.5 %
- Armour Deck: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Conning Tower: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 1,118 tons, 55.3 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 575 tons, 28.4 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 274 tons, 13.6 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
491 lbs / 223 Kg = 15.4 x 4.0 " / 102 mm shells or 0.3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.40
Metacentric height 2.0 ft / 0.6 m
Roll period: 10.9 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 51 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.22
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.02
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak,
a normal bow and a round stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.385 / 0.397
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.59 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 18.84 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 69 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 5.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 24.00 ft / 7.32 m, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m
- Forward deck: 10.00 %, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m
- Aft deck: 55.00 %, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Average freeboard: 16.56 ft / 5.05 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 188.1 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 138.9 %
Waterplane Area: 8,025 Square feet or 746 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 64 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 35 lbs/sq ft or 169 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.45
- Longitudinal: 2.28
- Overall: 0.53
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Thursday, March 01, 2007
The formula for anachronistic ships embodied in the WWII-looking Lion design, can be applied to many ships
The formula that I used for the anachronistic Lion design is widely applicable. The ship basically takes the dimensions for some ship, say the Dreadnought, and then gives the ship a flush deck, a WWII-looking superstructure, and triple and twin turrets to provide the necessary number of barrels, but all on the centerline. The anachronistic Dreadnought would have four turrets: two triple 12in/45 and two twin 12in/45, with the twin in the superfiring positions at each end. I have a card stock model of the Dreadnought at 1/600 scale with just such a layout, although with my usual simplications. For paper models, I have found that I am not interested in the sort of model that Lou Coatney wants. They are very fragile, so I do not invest a lot of time for detail or realism.
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