GB/CB/1915 design study, Great Britain Battlecruiser laid down 1915 (Engine 1950)
Displacement:
34,888 t light; 36,564 t standard; 39,099 t normal; 41,127 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(855.20 ft / 850.00 ft) x 105.00 ft x (25.90 / 27.00 ft)
(260.67 m / 259.08 m) x 32.00 m x (7.89 / 8.23 m)
Armament:
8 - 15.00" / 381 mm 45.0 cal guns - 1,950.00lbs / 884.51kg shells, 90 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1915 Model
4 x Twin mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
2 raised mounts - superfiring
16 - 5.50" / 140 mm 45.0 cal guns - 85.00lbs / 38.56kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1915 Model
16 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
4 raised mounts
Weight of broadside 16,960 lbs / 7,693 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 565.00 ft / 172.21 m 9.00 ft / 2.74 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Upper: 5.00" / 127 mm 565.00 ft / 172.21 m 9.00 ft / 2.74 m
Main Belt covers 102 % of normal length
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
2.00" / 51 mm 565.00 ft / 172.21 m 25.90 ft / 7.89 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 5.00" / 127 mm 8.00" / 203 mm
2nd: 4.00" / 102 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 4.00" / 102 mm
- Protected deck - multiple decks: 3.00" / 76 mm For and Aft decks
Forecastle: 3.00" / 76 mm Quarter deck: 3.00" / 76 mm
- Conning towers: Forward 8.00" / 203 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 4 shafts, 184,470 shp / 137,614 Kw = 32.00 kts
Range 6,500nm at 18.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 4,563 tons
Complement:
1,389 - 1,807
Cost:
£4.706 million / $18.825 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 2,618 tons, 6.7 %
Armour: 10,219 tons, 26.1 %
- Belts: 2,789 tons, 7.1 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 1,083 tons, 2.8 %
- Armament: 2,527 tons, 6.5 %
- Armour Deck: 3,621 tons, 9.3 %
- Conning Tower: 199 tons, 0.5 %
Machinery: 4,413 tons, 11.3 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 17,638 tons, 45.1 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4,210 tons, 10.8 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
71,119 lbs / 32,259 Kg = 42.1 x 15.0 " / 381 mm shells or 10.5 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.13
Metacentric height 6.8 ft / 2.1 m
Roll period: 16.9 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 64 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.89
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.28
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak,
a normal bow and a cruiser stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.592 / 0.597
Length to Beam Ratio: 8.10 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 29.15 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 52 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 8.00 degrees
Stern overhang: -3.00 ft / -0.91 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 34.00 %, 37.00 ft / 11.28 m, 32.00 ft / 9.75 m
- Forward deck: 33.00 %, 32.00 ft / 9.75 m, 32.00 ft / 9.75 m
- Aft deck: 18.00 %, 24.00 ft / 7.32 m, 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 24.00 ft / 7.32 m, 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
- Average freeboard: 30.19 ft / 9.20 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 85.9 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 259.2 %
Waterplane Area: 64,789 Square feet or 6,019 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 121 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 202 lbs/sq ft or 985 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.96
- Longitudinal: 1.42
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
Tuesday, September 18, 2007
A more normal GB/CB/1915 alternative design
I wondered what the GB/CB/1915 would be like with a more normal speed for the sort of power that I had envisioned. The answer is that just 32 knots seems reasonable. This design still requires the lightest possible machinery. This is the revised Springsharp report:
The 35 knot version of the GB/CB/1915 design study
The GB/CB/1915 design study uses an imaginery 15in/45 guns and has a 35 knot speed specified. What makes that especially difficult is that the draft is shallow at 25.9ft. The specification was very over-optimistic:
Length: 850ft Light displacement: 35,000 tons Normal: 36,500 tons Beam: 105ft Full load: 39,000 tons Depth: 45ft Cp: 0.57 Cm: 0.97 Draft: 25.9ft 8-15in/45 guns Speed: 35 knots 154,000 SHP 184,500 SHP max.This is the Springsharp report for the version that does whatever it takes to reach 35 knots:
GB/CB/1915 design study, Great Britain Battlecruiser laid down 1915 (Engine 1950)
Displacement:
38,888 t light; 40,649 t standard; 43,392 t normal; 45,586 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(855.48 ft / 850.00 ft) x 105.00 ft x (25.90 / 27.02 ft)
(260.75 m / 259.08 m) x 32.00 m x (7.89 / 8.23 m)
Armament:
8 - 15.00" / 381 mm 45.0 cal guns - 1,950.00lbs / 884.51kg shells, 90 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1915 Model
4 x Twin mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
2 raised mounts - superfiring
16 - 5.50" / 140 mm 45.0 cal guns - 85.00lbs / 38.56kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1915 Model
16 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
4 raised mounts
Weight of broadside 16,960 lbs / 7,693 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 565.00 ft / 172.21 m 9.00 ft / 2.74 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Upper: 5.00" / 127 mm 565.00 ft / 172.21 m 9.00 ft / 2.74 m
Main Belt covers 102 % of normal length
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
2.00" / 51 mm 565.00 ft / 172.21 m 25.90 ft / 7.89 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 5.00" / 127 mm 8.00" / 203 mm
2nd: 4.00" / 102 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 4.00" / 102 mm
- Protected deck - multiple decks: 3.00" / 76 mm For and Aft decks
Forecastle: 3.00" / 76 mm Quarter deck: 3.00" / 76 mm
- Conning towers: Forward 8.00" / 203 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 4 shafts, 290,772 shp / 216,916 Kw = 35.00 kts
Range 6,500nm at 18.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 4,937 tons
Complement:
1,503 - 1,954
Cost:
£5.428 million / $21.711 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 2,618 tons, 6.0 %
Armour: 10,572 tons, 24.4 %
- Belts: 2,799 tons, 6.4 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 1,083 tons, 2.5 %
- Armament: 2,631 tons, 6.1 %
- Armour Deck: 3,846 tons, 8.9 %
- Conning Tower: 213 tons, 0.5 %
Machinery: 6,956 tons, 16.0 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 18,741 tons, 43.2 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4,504 tons, 10.4 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
68,819 lbs / 31,216 Kg = 40.8 x 15.0 " / 381 mm shells or 8.8 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.15
Metacentric height 7.0 ft / 2.1 m
Roll period: 16.7 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 51 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.82
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.03
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak,
a normal bow and a cruiser stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.657 / 0.662
Length to Beam Ratio: 8.10 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 29.15 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 58 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 8.00 degrees
Stern overhang: -3.00 ft / -0.91 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 34.00 %, 39.00 ft / 11.89 m, 34.00 ft / 10.36 m
- Forward deck: 33.00 %, 34.00 ft / 10.36 m, 34.00 ft / 10.36 m
- Aft deck: 18.00 %, 26.00 ft / 7.92 m, 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 26.00 ft / 7.92 m, 28.00 ft / 8.53 m
- Average freeboard: 32.19 ft / 9.81 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 100.8 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 271.9 %
Waterplane Area: 68,810 Square feet or 6,393 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 115 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 201 lbs/sq ft or 981 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.96
- Longitudinal: 1.44
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Sunday, September 16, 2007
A new take on the GB/BB/1902 design
I now guess that this specification for a pre-dreadnought battleship that dates from the early 1970's is for a ship from about 1902. The specification is quite detailed and overestimated the power required for the ship to reach its designed speed. As a consequence, the actual speed is higher, in my solution to the design:
Normal displacement=15,000 tons 435ft x 75ft x 50ft depth Armament: 4-12in/40 and 12-6in/45 guns Belt: 12in Speed-18knots Normal power=22,330 IHP Weights: 4720 tons Hull 1484 tons Machinery 564 tons Aux Machinery 6352 tons Protection 680 tons Armament 1200 tons MiscellaneousThis is the Springsharp report:
GB/BB/1902, Great Britain Battleship laid down 1902
Displacement:
12,670 t light; 13,248 t standard; 15,138 t normal; 16,650 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(439.00 ft / 435.00 ft) x 75.00 ft x (29.00 / 31.30 ft)
(133.81 m / 132.59 m) x 22.86 m x (8.84 / 9.54 m)
Armament:
4 - 12.00" / 305 mm 40.0 cal guns - 828.07lbs / 375.60kg shells, 90 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1902 Model
2 x Twin mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
12 - 6.00" / 152 mm 45.0 cal guns - 108.92lbs / 49.41kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in casemate mounts, 1902 Model
12 x Single mounts on sides, forward deck aft
4 hull mounts in casemates- Limited use in heavy seas
Weight of broadside 4,619 lbs / 2,095 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 12.0" / 305 mm 250.00 ft / 76.20 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Upper: 8.00" / 203 mm 250.00 ft / 76.20 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Main Belt covers 88 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
1.00" / 25 mm 250.00 ft / 76.20 m 29.00 ft / 8.84 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 12.0" / 305 mm 7.00" / 178 mm 9.00" / 229 mm
2nd: 7.00" / 178 mm 4.00" / 102 mm 7.00" / 178 mm
- Protected deck - single deck: 3.00" / 76 mm For and Aft decks
Forecastle: 2.00" / 51 mm Quarter deck: 2.00" / 51 mm
- Conning towers: Forward 9.00" / 229 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm
Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 22,728 ihp / 16,955 Kw = 20.50 kts
Range 7,500nm at 12.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 3,403 tons (100% coal)
Complement:
682 - 887
Cost:
£1.262 million / $5.049 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 746 tons, 4.9 %
Armour: 4,346 tons, 28.7 %
- Belts: 1,822 tons, 12.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 268 tons, 1.8 %
- Armament: 946 tons, 6.3 %
- Armour Deck: 1,191 tons, 7.9 %
- Conning Tower: 119 tons, 0.8 %
Machinery: 3,444 tons, 22.7 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 4,135 tons, 27.3 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,468 tons, 16.3 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
17,287 lbs / 7,841 Kg = 20.0 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 2.5 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.36
Metacentric height 5.6 ft / 1.7 m
Roll period: 13.4 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 91 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.47
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.83
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
a ram bow and a cruiser stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.560 / 0.571
Length to Beam Ratio: 5.80 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 20.86 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 51 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -3.00 degrees
Stern overhang: -3.00 ft / -0.91 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 25.00 %, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m, 19.00 ft / 5.79 m
- Aft deck: 30.00 %, 19.00 ft / 5.79 m, 19.00 ft / 5.79 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 19.00 ft / 5.79 m, 20.00 ft / 6.10 m
- Average freeboard: 20.58 ft / 6.27 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 129.1 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 126.8 %
Waterplane Area: 22,983 Square feet or 2,135 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 105 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 125 lbs/sq ft or 608 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.89
- Longitudinal: 2.83
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather
Saturday, September 15, 2007
I have the start of a sketch design: Ger/DL/1916
I have this incomplete sketch design for a variant large destroyer leader, with a twin mount on the forecastle. The ship appears to have been intended to be about the same dimensions as the alternate Ger/DL/1915 design. Since the sketch is imcomplete, I chose to complete the design with 5-5in QF guns and 4-23.6in TT. I retained the twin mount on the forecastle, which actually makes the design work better than the superfiring arrangement on the Ger/DL/1915. This is the Springsharp report:
Ger/DL/1916 variant, Germany Destroyer Leader laid down 1916 (Engine 1950)
Displacement:
1,901 t light; 1,979 t standard; 2,202 t normal; 2,380 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(394.12 ft / 390.00 ft) x 40.00 ft x (13.00 / 13.63 ft)
(120.13 m / 118.87 m) x 12.19 m x (3.96 / 4.16 m)
Armament:
2 - 5.00" / 127 mm 50.0 cal guns - 65.00lbs / 29.48kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mount, 1916 Model
1 x Twin mount on centreline, forward deck forward
3 - 5.00" / 127 mm 50.0 cal guns - 65.00lbs / 29.48kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1916 Model
1 x Single mount on centreline, forward deck aft
1 raised mount - superfiring
2 x Single mounts on centreline, aft evenly spread
1 raised mount
Weight of broadside 325 lbs / 147 kg
4 - 23.6" / 599 mm, 23.00 ft / 7.01 m torpedoes - 1.822 t each, 7.288 t total
In 2 sets of deck mounted carriage/fixed tubes
Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 3.00" / 76 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 3.00" / 76 mm
2nd: 3.00" / 76 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 3.00" / 76 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 50,677 shp / 37,805 Kw = 36.00 kts
Range 4,500nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 400 tons
Complement:
159 - 208
Cost:
£0.408 million / $1.632 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 99 tons, 4.5 %
- Guns: 91 tons, 4.1 %
- Torpedoes: 7 tons, 0.3 %
Armour: 61 tons, 2.8 %
- Armament: 61 tons, 2.8 %
Machinery: 1,056 tons, 47.9 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 686 tons, 31.1 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 301 tons, 13.7 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
685 lbs / 311 Kg = 11.0 x 5.0 " / 127 mm shells or 0.4 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.21
Metacentric height 1.8 ft / 0.6 m
Roll period: 12.5 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 52 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.41
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.03
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak,
a normal bow and large transom stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.380 / 0.392
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.75 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 22.97 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 67 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 9.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 26.00 ft / 7.92 m, 23.00 ft / 7.01 m
- Forward deck: 19.00 %, 23.00 ft / 7.01 m, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m
- Aft deck: 46.00 %, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Average freeboard: 17.66 ft / 5.38 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 169.4 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 190.7 %
Waterplane Area: 9,838 Square feet or 914 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 78 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 39 lbs/sq ft or 189 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.45
- Longitudinal: 2.14
- Overall: 0.52
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Friday, September 14, 2007
The Ger/DL/1915 alternate version
An alternative version of a German destroyer leader for 1915 was 390ft long and had a beam of 40ft. I had thought that giving up one 5in mount and adding a twin 23.6in TT mount would be beneficial. With that, the design could achieve a 36 knot speed. The "look" is very German, although of a later era. There is long forecastle and two funnels with prominent caps. This the Springsharp report:
Ger/DL/1915 alternate version, Germany Destroyer Leader laid down 1915 (Engine 1950)
Displacement:
1,745 t light; 1,818 t standard; 2,006 t normal; 2,156 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(394.23 ft / 390.00 ft) x 40.00 ft x (12.00 / 12.54 ft)
(120.16 m / 118.87 m) x 12.19 m x (3.66 / 3.82 m)
Armament:
4 - 5.00" / 127 mm 50.0 cal guns - 65.00lbs / 29.48kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1915 Model
4 x Single mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
2 raised mounts - superfiring
Weight of broadside 260 lbs / 118 kg
6 - 23.6" / 599 mm, 23.00 ft / 7.01 m torpedoes - 1.818 t each, 10.908 t total
In 3 sets of deck mounted carriage/fixed tubes
Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 3.00" / 76 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 3.00" / 76 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 47,569 shp / 35,487 Kw = 36.00 kts
Range 4,000nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 338 tons
Complement:
149 - 194
Cost:
£0.328 million / $1.311 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 90 tons, 4.5 %
- Guns: 79 tons, 4.0 %
- Torpedoes: 11 tons, 0.5 %
Armour: 60 tons, 3.0 %
- Armament: 60 tons, 3.0 %
Machinery: 974 tons, 48.5 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 621 tons, 31.0 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 260 tons, 13.0 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
640 lbs / 290 Kg = 10.2 x 5.0 " / 127 mm shells or 0.4 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.18
Metacentric height 1.7 ft / 0.5 m
Roll period: 12.9 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 58 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.36
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.01
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak,
a normal bow and large transom stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.375 / 0.386
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.75 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 22.99 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 67 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 57
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 10.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 24.00 ft / 7.32 m, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m
- Forward deck: 21.00 %, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m
- Aft deck: 44.00 %, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Average freeboard: 17.44 ft / 5.32 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 169.5 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 202.2 %
Waterplane Area: 9,809 Square feet or 911 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 77 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 36 lbs/sq ft or 176 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.44
- Longitudinal: 1.84
- Overall: 0.51
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Thursday, September 13, 2007
A It/CL/1939 design study
I thought that the time was right to see what might be done for a fast Italian light cruiser, along the lines of the Capitani Romani class, but not that closely aligned with that specification. My design study was for a 462.5ft long ship with 8-5.3in guns and 8-21in TT. I was able to achieve 38 knots with the design:
It/CL/1939, Italy Light Cruiser laid down 1939 (Engine 1950)
Displacement:
3,696 t light; 3,839 t standard; 4,040 t normal; 4,201 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(468.45 ft / 462.50 ft) x 43.00 ft x (18.00 / 18.46 ft)
(142.78 m / 140.97 m) x 13.11 m x (5.49 / 5.63 m)
Armament:
8 - 5.30" / 135 mm 45.0 cal guns - 75.07lbs / 34.05kg shells, 150 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1939 Model
4 x Single mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
4 raised mounts
Weight of broadside 601 lbs / 272 kg
8 - 21.0" / 533 mm, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m torpedoes - 1.497 t each, 11.977 t total
In 2 sets of deck mounted side rotating tubes
Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 1.00" / 25 mm 1.00" / 25 mm 1.00" / 25 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 4 shafts, 103,050 shp / 76,875 Kw = 38.00 kts
Range 3,500nm at 14.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 362 tons
Complement:
253 - 329
Cost:
£2.974 million / $11.894 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 185 tons, 4.6 %
- Guns: 173 tons, 4.3 %
- Torpedoes: 12 tons, 0.3 %
Armour: 80 tons, 2.0 %
- Armament: 80 tons, 2.0 %
Machinery: 2,319 tons, 57.4 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,112 tons, 27.5 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 344 tons, 8.5 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
800 lbs / 363 Kg = 10.7 x 5.3 " / 135 mm shells or 0.4 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.19
Metacentric height 1.9 ft / 0.6 m
Roll period: 13.0 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 61 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.65
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.22
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
an extended bulbous bow and a cruiser stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.395 / 0.400
Length to Beam Ratio: 10.76 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 21.51 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 66 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 12.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 28.00 ft / 8.53 m, 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 24.00 ft / 7.32 m, 20.00 ft / 6.10 m
- Aft deck: 35.00 %, 20.00 ft / 6.10 m, 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 17.00 ft / 5.18 m, 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Average freeboard: 20.75 ft / 6.32 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 198.1 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 176.7 %
Waterplane Area: 12,201 Square feet or 1,133 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 73 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 44 lbs/sq ft or 215 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.44
- Longitudinal: 2.30
- Overall: 0.52
Caution: Hull subject to strain in open-sea
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
Wednesday, September 12, 2007
The "extreme sports" version of the GB/CB/1905
I thought it would be an amusing exercise to see how much more I might squeeze out of the basis GB/CB/1905 design. This assumes using a destroyer-like plant, but on a large scale, with eight shafts to get the maximum possible power at a very light weight and relatively small size. I raised the freeboard and increased the draft. Those are my usual Springsharp hacks for getting increased performance. This allows the design to make 42 knots. I actually was able to have a range of 6,500nm, as increased range increases seakeeping. This is the Springsharp report:
GB/CB/1905 Extreme, Great Britain Battlecruiser laid down 1905 (Engine 1950)
Displacement:
29,713 t light; 30,600 t standard; 32,089 t normal; 33,280 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(776.00 ft / 770.00 ft) x 85.00 ft x (33.00 / 33.94 ft)
(236.52 m / 234.70 m) x 25.91 m x (10.06 / 10.34 m)
Armament:
4 - 12.00" / 305 mm 45.0 cal guns - 850.00lbs / 385.55kg shells, 90 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1905 Model
2 x Twin mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
9 - 6.00" / 152 mm 50.0 cal guns - 100.00lbs / 45.36kg shells, 150 per gun
Breech loading guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1905 Model
8 x Single mounts on centreline, aft deck forward
1 x Single mount on centreline, aft deck centre
1 raised mount
Weight of broadside 4,300 lbs / 1,950 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 540.00 ft / 164.59 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Upper: 4.00" / 102 mm 380.00 ft / 115.82 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Main Belt covers 108 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
1.50" / 38 mm 540.00 ft / 164.59 m 33.00 ft / 10.06 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 6.00" / 152 mm 4.00" / 102 mm 6.00" / 152 mm
2nd: 4.00" / 102 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 4.00" / 102 mm
- Protected deck - multiple decks: 2.00" / 51 mm For and Aft decks
Forecastle: 2.00" / 51 mm Quarter deck: 2.00" / 51 mm
- Conning towers: Forward 6.00" / 152 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Direct drive, 8 shafts, 489,072 shp / 364,847 Kw = 42.00 kts
Range 6,500nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 2,680 tons
Complement:
1,198 - 1,558
Cost:
£3.111 million / $12.446 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 923 tons, 2.9 %
Armour: 4,838 tons, 15.1 %
- Belts: 1,238 tons, 3.9 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 989 tons, 3.1 %
- Armament: 826 tons, 2.6 %
- Armour Deck: 1,654 tons, 5.2 %
- Conning Tower: 131 tons, 0.4 %
Machinery: 11,700 tons, 36.5 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 12,252 tons, 38.2 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,376 tons, 7.4 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
24,803 lbs / 11,250 Kg = 28.7 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 2.6 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.17
Metacentric height 5.3 ft / 1.6 m
Roll period: 15.5 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 51 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.43
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.01
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has low quarterdeck ,
a ram bow and a cruiser stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.520 / 0.524
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.06 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 27.75 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 66 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 39.00 ft / 11.89 m, 36.00 ft / 10.97 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 36.00 ft / 10.97 m, 36.00 ft / 10.97 m
- Aft deck: 17.00 %, 36.00 ft / 10.97 m, 36.00 ft / 10.97 m
- Quarter deck: 33.00 %, 28.00 ft / 8.53 m, 28.00 ft / 8.53 m
- Average freeboard: 33.60 ft / 10.24 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 170.3 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 254.2 %
Waterplane Area: 44,416 Square feet or 4,126 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 99 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 155 lbs/sq ft or 757 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.90
- Longitudinal: 2.62
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Tuesday, September 11, 2007
The very fast version of the GB/CB/1905
GB/CB/1905 Very Fast, Great Britain Battlecruiser laid down 1905 (Engine 1950)
Displacement:
24,931 t light; 25,713 t standard; 26,844 t normal; 27,749 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(776.00 ft / 770.00 ft) x 85.00 ft x (29.00 / 29.73 ft)
(236.52 m / 234.70 m) x 25.91 m x (8.84 / 9.06 m)
Armament:
4 - 12.00" / 305 mm 45.0 cal guns - 850.00lbs / 385.55kg shells, 90 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1905 Model
2 x Twin mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
9 - 6.00" / 152 mm 50.0 cal guns - 100.00lbs / 45.36kg shells, 150 per gun
Breech loading guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1905 Model
8 x Single mounts on centreline, aft deck forward
1 x Single mount on centreline, aft deck centre
1 raised mount
Weight of broadside 4,300 lbs / 1,950 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 540.00 ft / 164.59 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Upper: 4.00" / 102 mm 380.00 ft / 115.82 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Main Belt covers 108 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
1.50" / 38 mm 540.00 ft / 164.59 m 29.00 ft / 8.84 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 6.00" / 152 mm 4.00" / 102 mm 6.00" / 152 mm
2nd: 4.00" / 102 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 4.00" / 102 mm
- Protected deck - multiple decks: 2.00" / 51 mm For and Aft decks
Forecastle: 2.00" / 51 mm Quarter deck: 2.00" / 51 mm
- Conning towers: Forward 6.00" / 152 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Direct drive, 6 shafts, 350,831 shp / 261,720 Kw = 40.00 kts
Range 5,400nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 2,036 tons
Complement:
1,048 - 1,363
Cost:
£2.481 million / $9.924 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 923 tons, 3.4 %
Armour: 4,686 tons, 17.5 %
- Belts: 1,236 tons, 4.6 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 869 tons, 3.2 %
- Armament: 848 tons, 3.2 %
- Armour Deck: 1,616 tons, 6.0 %
- Conning Tower: 116 tons, 0.4 %
Machinery: 8,393 tons, 31.3 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 10,929 tons, 40.7 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,913 tons, 7.1 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
27,342 lbs / 12,402 Kg = 31.6 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 3.0 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.17
Metacentric height 5.2 ft / 1.6 m
Roll period: 15.6 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 53 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.43
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.06
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has low quarterdeck ,
a ram bow and a cruiser stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.495 / 0.499
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.06 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 27.75 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 63 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 37.00 ft / 11.28 m, 34.00 ft / 10.36 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 34.00 ft / 10.36 m, 33.00 ft / 10.06 m
- Aft deck: 17.00 %, 33.00 ft / 10.06 m, 33.00 ft / 10.06 m
- Quarter deck: 33.00 %, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
- Average freeboard: 30.95 ft / 9.43 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 151.7 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 262.9 %
Waterplane Area: 43,410 Square feet or 4,033 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 105 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 153 lbs/sq ft or 748 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.92
- Longitudinal: 2.07
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Monday, September 10, 2007
A very fast version of the Ger/CB/1915 design
My original hope for the Ger/CB/1915, back in the early 1970's was for the ships to be capable of 40 knots. For 40 knots to be a possibility, even with the lightest machinery, I had to tweak the dimensions. I am using some "Springsharp hacks", such as raising the freeboard to extremes and increasing the draft. By doing that I was able to achieve this design, which is very "edgy". If you accept all that, the design looks pretty acceptable on paper:
Ger/CB/1915 very fast, Germany Battlecruiser laid down 1915 (Engine 1950)
Displacement:
42,646 t light; 44,816 t standard; 46,155 t normal; 47,226 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(916.25 ft / 905.00 ft) x 102.00 ft x (35.00 / 35.61 ft)
(279.27 m / 275.84 m) x 31.09 m x (10.67 / 10.85 m)
Armament:
6 - 16.50" / 419 mm 45.0 cal guns - 2,265.21lbs / 1,027.48kg shells, 150 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1915 Model
2 x Triple mounts on centreline, forward deck forward
1 raised mount - superfiring
12 - 6.00" / 152 mm 50.0 cal guns - 114.33lbs / 51.86kg shells, 150 per gun
Breech loading guns in deck and hoist mount, 1915 Model
1 x Single mount on sides, forward deck aft
2 raised mounts
Weight of broadside 14,963 lbs / 6,787 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 535.00 ft / 163.07 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Upper: 5.00" / 127 mm 535.00 ft / 163.07 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Main Belt covers 91 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
2.00" / 51 mm 535.00 ft / 163.07 m 35.00 ft / 10.67 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 6.00" / 152 mm 8.00" / 203 mm
2nd: 4.00" / 102 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 4.00" / 102 mm
- Protected deck - single deck: 3.00" / 76 mm For and Aft decks
Forecastle: 3.00" / 76 mm Quarter deck: 3.00" / 76 mm
- Conning towers: Forward 8.00" / 203 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 8 shafts, 457,786 shp / 341,508 Kw = 40.00 kts
Range 5,000nm at 14.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 2,409 tons
Complement:
1,573 - 2,046
Cost:
£6.453 million / $25.813 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 2,583 tons, 5.6 %
Armour: 9,285 tons, 20.1 %
- Belts: 2,350 tons, 5.1 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 1,386 tons, 3.0 %
- Armament: 1,889 tons, 4.1 %
- Armour Deck: 3,438 tons, 7.4 %
- Conning Tower: 222 tons, 0.5 %
Machinery: 10,952 tons, 23.7 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 19,827 tons, 43.0 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,509 tons, 7.6 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
46,974 lbs / 21,307 Kg = 20.9 x 16.5 " / 419 mm shells or 5.3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.09
Metacentric height 6.1 ft / 1.8 m
Roll period: 17.4 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 52 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.81
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.01
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak,
an extended bulbous bow and a cruiser stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.500 / 0.503
Length to Beam Ratio: 8.87 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 30.08 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 59 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 51
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 15.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 30.00 %, 42.00 ft / 12.80 m, 35.00 ft / 10.67 m
- Forward deck: 37.00 %, 35.00 ft / 10.67 m, 33.00 ft / 10.06 m
- Aft deck: 18.00 %, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
- Average freeboard: 32.17 ft / 9.81 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 131.2 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 231.3 %
Waterplane Area: 61,504 Square feet or 5,714 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 103 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 211 lbs/sq ft or 1,032 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.93
- Longitudinal: 1.78
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Sunday, September 09, 2007
Another attempt at the Ger/DL/1915 design
The original specification for the Ger/DL1915 design seems to be not feasible in Springsharp. Part of the problem is that the dimensions are small for the displacement. They should work, as they were inspired by the British Scott leaders, which were 1580 tons and 332.5ft x 31.75ft x 12.5ft. They were armed with 5-4.7in guns and 6-21in TT. The speed was to be 36 knots. If the Scott design would work, these should work, as well. This is my original specification:
Ger/DL/1915 332ft x 32ft x 12.7ft 5-5in guns, 4-23,6in TT 1800 tons Cp=0.60 Cm=0.8- 450 tons oil fuel 2,250 tons full load 45,000 SHP 900 tons of machinery 37.4 knotsIn fact, only by using a large transom stern, a high freeboard, and a lower displacement and speed, all I was able to achieve was this:
Ger/DL/1915, Germany Destroyer Leader laid down 1915 (Engine 1950)
Displacement:
1,488 t light; 1,556 t standard; 1,721 t normal; 1,853 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(334.82 ft / 332.00 ft) x 32.00 ft x (14.00 / 14.68 ft)
(102.05 m / 101.19 m) x 9.75 m x (4.27 / 4.47 m)
Armament:
5 - 5.00" / 127 mm 45.0 cal guns - 65.00lbs / 29.48kg shells, 150 per gun
Breech loading guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1915 Model
4 x Single mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
2 raised mounts - superfiring
1 x Single mount on centreline, forward deck aft
1 raised mount
Weight of broadside 325 lbs / 147 kg
4 - 23.6" / 599 mm, 23.00 ft / 7.01 m torpedoes - 1.818 t each, 7.272 t total
In 2 sets of deck mounted centre rotating tubes
Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 2.00" / 51 mm 1.00" / 25 mm 2.00" / 51 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 42,851 shp / 31,967 Kw = 35.00 kts
Range 4,500nm at 14.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 297 tons
Complement:
133 - 173
Cost:
£0.288 million / $1.153 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 92 tons, 5.4 %
- Guns: 85 tons, 4.9 %
- Torpedoes: 7 tons, 0.4 %
Armour: 40 tons, 2.4 %
- Armament: 40 tons, 2.4 %
Machinery: 830 tons, 48.2 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 525 tons, 30.5 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 234 tons, 13.6 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
462 lbs / 210 Kg = 7.4 x 5.0 " / 127 mm shells or 0.3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.07
Metacentric height 1.0 ft / 0.3 m
Roll period: 13.2 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 51 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.96
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.02
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak,
a normal bow and large transom stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.405 / 0.416
Length to Beam Ratio: 10.38 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 21.00 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 70 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 7.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 23.00 ft / 7.01 m, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m
- Forward deck: 14.00 %, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m
- Aft deck: 51.00 %, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Average freeboard: 16.80 ft / 5.12 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 171.8 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 119.5 %
Waterplane Area: 6,807 Square feet or 632 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 72 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 35 lbs/sq ft or 172 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.45
- Longitudinal: 3.44
- Overall: 0.55
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Saturday, September 08, 2007
Another try at the Ger/CB/1915 design form the Red Book
Early in the Red Book from the early 1970's, there is the specification named the Ger/CB/1915:
Ger/CB/1915 Length=900ft Sqrt(L) = 30.0 V=40 knots V/sqrt(L)=1.333 6-16.5in BLR, 12-6in QF guns 5.4 SHP/ton 40,000 tons full load 216,000 SHP Cp = 0.54 Cm = 0.97 L=900ft, B=100ft, Depth=58ft d=29.7ft deep load c=0.24 (hull weight coefficient) Weights: 40,000 tons full load displacement 2500nm @ 40 knots 62.5 hours 3,620 tons fuel oil 543 tons feed water 35,837 tons standard 12,528 tons hull 7,200 tons machinery 2,875 tons armament 8,974 tons protection 2,860 tons miscellaneous 1,400 tons auxiliary machineryThis is the Springsharp report for the design I implemented:
Ger/CB/1915, Germany Battlecruiser laid down 1915 (Engine 1941)
Displacement:
34,937 t light; 36,488 t standard; 38,568 t normal; 40,231 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(910.18 ft / 900.00 ft) x 100.00 ft x (29.70 / 30.67 ft)
(277.42 m / 274.32 m) x 30.48 m x (9.05 / 9.35 m)
Armament:
6 - 16.50" / 419 mm 45.0 cal guns - 2,265.21lbs / 1,027.48kg shells, 90 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1915 Model
2 x Triple mounts on centreline, forward deck forward
12 - 6.00" / 152 mm 50.0 cal guns - 100.00lbs / 45.36kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mount, 1915 Model
1 x Single mount on sides, forward deck aft
2 raised mounts
Weight of broadside 14,791 lbs / 6,709 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 535.00 ft / 163.07 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Upper: 6.00" / 152 mm 535.00 ft / 163.07 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Main Belt covers 91 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
2.00" / 51 mm 535.00 ft / 163.07 m 29.70 ft / 9.05 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 9.00" / 229 mm 7.00" / 178 mm 9.00" / 229 mm
2nd: 5.00" / 127 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 5.00" / 127 mm
- Protected deck - multiple decks: 3.00" / 76 mm For and Aft decks
Forecastle: 3.00" / 76 mm Quarter deck: 3.00" / 76 mm
- Conning towers: Forward 8.00" / 203 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 4 shafts, 240,176 shp / 179,171 Kw = 35.00 kts
Range 7,500nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 3,743 tons
Complement:
1,375 - 1,788
Cost:
£5.123 million / $20.492 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 2,583 tons, 6.7 %
Armour: 9,043 tons, 23.4 %
- Belts: 2,521 tons, 6.5 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 1,176 tons, 3.0 %
- Armament: 1,781 tons, 4.6 %
- Armour Deck: 3,368 tons, 8.7 %
- Conning Tower: 197 tons, 0.5 %
Machinery: 6,347 tons, 16.5 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 16,965 tons, 44.0 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,630 tons, 9.4 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
52,706 lbs / 23,907 Kg = 23.5 x 16.5 " / 419 mm shells or 6.7 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.15
Metacentric height 6.5 ft / 2.0 m
Roll period: 16.5 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 64 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.72
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.29
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak,
an extended bulbous bow and a cruiser stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.505 / 0.510
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.00 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 30.00 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 52 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 15.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 30.00 %, 38.00 ft / 11.58 m, 31.00 ft / 9.45 m
- Forward deck: 37.00 %, 31.00 ft / 9.45 m, 29.00 ft / 8.84 m
- Aft deck: 18.00 %, 21.00 ft / 6.40 m, 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 21.00 ft / 6.40 m, 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
- Average freeboard: 28.17 ft / 8.59 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 108.1 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 225.8 %
Waterplane Area: 60,239 Square feet or 5,596 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 110 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 198 lbs/sq ft or 968 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.96
- Longitudinal: 1.41
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
Friday, September 07, 2007
The GB/BB/1910 design study revisited
If my friend Cliff had decided to build battleships for 1910, instead of battlecruiser, he was considering building the GB/BB/1910 design. He had me prepare a preliminary design for him. This was a ship armed with just 6-13.5in guns. I have added a secondary battery of 14-4in guns, as they would have been part of the design. Cliff liked heavy armour, so the ship has a 14in belt, turret faces, and barbettes. He was determined that the standard displacement be 29,000 tons. This is the Springsharp report:
GB/BB/1910, Great Britain Battleship laid down 1910
Displacement:
27,726 t light; 28,814 t standard; 32,272 t normal; 35,039 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(626.00 ft / 620.00 ft) x 95.00 ft x (30.20 / 32.38 ft)
(190.80 m / 188.98 m) x 28.96 m x (9.20 / 9.87 m)
Armament:
6 - 13.50" / 343 mm 45.0 cal guns - 1,350.00lbs / 612.35kg shells, 90 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1910 Model
3 x Twin mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
1 raised mount - superfiring
14 - 4.00" / 102 mm 45.0 cal guns - 32.27lbs / 14.64kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1910 Model
14 x Single mounts on sides, forward deck aft
2 raised mounts - superfiring
Weight of broadside 8,552 lbs / 3,879 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 14.0" / 356 mm 375.00 ft / 114.30 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Upper: 9.00" / 229 mm 375.00 ft / 114.30 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Main Belt covers 93 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
2.00" / 51 mm 375.00 ft / 114.30 m 30.20 ft / 9.20 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 14.0" / 356 mm 10.0" / 254 mm 14.0" / 356 mm
2nd: 4.00" / 102 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 4.00" / 102 mm
- Armoured deck - multiple decks: 5.00" / 127 mm For and Aft decks
Forecastle: 5.00" / 127 mm Quarter deck: 5.00" / 127 mm
- Conning towers: Forward 14.00" / 356 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Direct drive, 4 shafts, 129,984 shp / 96,968 Kw = 29.00 kts
Range 8,000nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 6,224 tons
Complement:
1,203 - 1,565
Cost:
£2.460 million / $9.842 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 1,404 tons, 4.3 %
Armour: 10,729 tons, 33.2 %
- Belts: 3,054 tons, 9.5 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 838 tons, 2.6 %
- Armament: 2,384 tons, 7.4 %
- Armour Deck: 4,147 tons, 12.9 %
- Conning Tower: 306 tons, 0.9 %
Machinery: 5,371 tons, 16.6 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 10,223 tons, 31.7 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4,546 tons, 14.1 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
46,581 lbs / 21,129 Kg = 37.9 x 13.5 " / 343 mm shells or 6.6 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.22
Metacentric height 6.7 ft / 2.0 m
Roll period: 15.5 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 52 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.44
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.03
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak,
a ram bow and a cruiser stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.635 / 0.643
Length to Beam Ratio: 6.53 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 24.90 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 60 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -3.00 degrees
Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 30.00 %, 29.00 ft / 8.84 m, 27.00 ft / 8.23 m
- Forward deck: 38.00 %, 27.00 ft / 8.23 m, 27.00 ft / 8.23 m
- Aft deck: 17.00 %, 19.00 ft / 5.79 m, 19.00 ft / 5.79 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 19.00 ft / 5.79 m, 19.00 ft / 5.79 m
- Average freeboard: 24.68 ft / 7.52 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 95.3 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 172.8 %
Waterplane Area: 44,502 Square feet or 4,134 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 113 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 167 lbs/sq ft or 814 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.94
- Longitudinal: 1.80
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Thursday, September 06, 2007
An "edgy" 37 knot light cruiser: the Ger/CL/1915 design study
What I am calling here the Ger/CL/1915 design study is similar to the design that I had in the "Red Book", dating from the early 1970's. The ship is trying to be as fast as possible, with 8-6in guns. This is the sort of ship it is:
Ger/CL/1915 design study, Germany Light Cruiser laid down 1915 (Engine 1950)
Displacement:
8,806 t light; 9,085 t standard; 9,491 t normal; 9,815 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(555.00 ft / 555.00 ft) x 50.00 ft x (19.00 / 19.54 ft)
(169.16 m / 169.16 m) x 15.24 m x (5.79 / 5.96 m)
Armament:
8 - 6.00" / 152 mm 50.0 cal guns - 114.33lbs / 51.86kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1915 Model
4 x Single mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
4 - 3.50" / 88.9 mm 45.0 cal guns - 21.62lbs / 9.81kg shells, 150 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1915 Model
4 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
Weight of broadside 1,001 lbs / 454 kg
4 - 21.0" / 533 mm, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m torpedoes - 1.401 t each, 5.605 t total
In 2 sets of deck mounted side rotating tubes
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 2.00" / 51 mm 320.00 ft / 97.54 m 12.00 ft / 3.66 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 89 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
0.60" / 15 mm 320.00 ft / 97.54 m 19.00 ft / 5.79 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 2.00" / 51 mm 1.00" / 25 mm 2.00" / 51 mm
- Armoured deck - multiple decks: 1.00" / 25 mm For and Aft decks
Forecastle: 1.00" / 25 mm Quarter deck: 1.00" / 25 mm
- Conning towers: Forward 4.00" / 102 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 4 shafts, 161,782 shp / 120,689 Kw = 37.00 kts
Range 4,200nm at 14.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 730 tons
Complement:
480 - 625
Cost:
£1.388 million / $5.554 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 320 tons, 3.4 %
- Guns: 314 tons, 3.3 %
- Torpedoes: 6 tons, 0.1 %
Armour: 1,042 tons, 11.0 %
- Belts: 320 tons, 3.4 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 135 tons, 1.4 %
- Armament: 159 tons, 1.7 %
- Armour Deck: 389 tons, 4.1 %
- Conning Tower: 39 tons, 0.4 %
Machinery: 3,870 tons, 40.8 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,573 tons, 37.7 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 685 tons, 7.2 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
5,948 lbs / 2,698 Kg = 55.1 x 6.0 " / 152 mm shells or 0.9 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.08
Metacentric height 2.1 ft / 0.6 m
Roll period: 14.6 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 51 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.51
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.03
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak,
a normal bow and a round stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.630 / 0.633
Length to Beam Ratio: 11.10 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 23.56 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 67 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 30.00 ft / 9.14 m, 29.00 ft / 8.84 m
- Forward deck: 15.00 %, 29.00 ft / 8.84 m, 29.00 ft / 8.84 m
- Aft deck: 50.00 %, 21.00 ft / 6.40 m, 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 21.00 ft / 6.40 m, 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
- Average freeboard: 23.88 ft / 7.28 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 236.9 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 185.2 %
Waterplane Area: 20,870 Square feet or 1,939 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 97 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 89 lbs/sq ft or 437 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.90
- Longitudinal: 2.71
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is extremely poor
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Wednesday, September 05, 2007
The original Ger/CS/1905 concept
The original Ger/CS/1905 scout cruiser was conceived as a 1905 German version of the "Super Swift" design study. Of course, the "Super Swift" was a British 1912 design study for an alternative design for the 1912 light cruisers. By using the lightest possible machinery, a successful 36-knot Ger/CS/1905 is possible. The draft is 13ft and the freeboard aft is a rather high 14 feet. This is my concept of what a Ger/CS/1905 scout would like like:
Ger/CS/1905, Germany Scout Cruiser laid down 1905 (Engine 1950)
Displacement:
1,621 t light; 1,675 t standard; 1,828 t normal; 1,950 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(372.52 ft / 370.00 ft) x 38.00 ft x (13.00 / 13.51 ft)
(113.54 m / 112.78 m) x 11.58 m x (3.96 / 4.12 m)
Armament:
6 - 4.00" / 102 mm 50.0 cal guns - 32.00lbs / 14.51kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1905 Model
2 x Single mounts on centreline aft
4 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
Weight of broadside 192 lbs / 87 kg
2 - 18.0" / 457 mm, 20.00 ft / 6.10 m torpedoes - 0.865 t each, 1.729 t total
In 2 sets of deck mounted centre rotating tubes
Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 2.00" / 51 mm 1.00" / 25 mm 2.00" / 51 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 55,088 shp / 41,096 Kw = 36.00 kts
Range 4,500nm at 14.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 275 tons
Complement:
139 - 181
Cost:
£0.217 million / $0.867 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 64 tons, 3.5 %
- Guns: 62 tons, 3.4 %
- Torpedoes: 2 tons, 0.1 %
Armour: 43 tons, 2.3 %
- Armament: 43 tons, 2.3 %
Machinery: 986 tons, 54.0 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 528 tons, 28.9 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 207 tons, 11.3 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
469 lbs / 213 Kg = 14.7 x 4.0 " / 102 mm shells or 0.3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.32
Metacentric height 1.9 ft / 0.6 m
Roll period: 11.5 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 53 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.21
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.02
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak,
a normal bow and a round stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.350 / 0.359
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.74 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 19.24 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 67 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 52
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 6.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 16.00 %, 24.00 ft / 7.32 m, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m
- Forward deck: 12.00 %, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m
- Aft deck: 57.00 %, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Average freeboard: 16.37 ft / 4.99 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 185.0 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 144.9 %
Waterplane Area: 8,395 Square feet or 780 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 63 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 34 lbs/sq ft or 166 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.43
- Longitudinal: 1.96
- Overall: 0.51
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Tuesday, September 04, 2007
Light weight machinery makes all sorts of things possible: the Ger/CS/1909 variant
I don't have the exact specification along, but I know the general outline of the Ger/CS/1909 fast scout design. By using the lightest machinery allowed by Springsharp 3.0b2 Beta, I was able to achieve the desired 35 knot speed. The draft and freeboard are rather large, but "it works". The ship was intended to have 4-5in guns, 2-21in TT, and a 35 knot speed. This is a photograph of one of the ships at sea:
Ger/CS/1909 Variant, Germany Scout laid down 1909 (Engine 1950)
Displacement:
1,600 t light; 1,660 t standard; 1,802 t normal; 1,915 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(350.00 ft / 350.00 ft) x 36.00 ft x (13.00 / 13.52 ft)
(106.68 m / 106.68 m) x 10.97 m x (3.96 / 4.12 m)
Armament:
4 - 5.00" / 127 mm 50.0 cal guns - 65.00lbs / 29.48kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1909 Model
4 x Single mounts on centreline, evenly spread
Aft Main mounts separated by engine room
Weight of broadside 260 lbs / 118 kg
2 - 21.0" / 533 mm, 21.00 ft / 6.40 m torpedoes - 1.318 t each, 2.636 t total
In 2 sets of deck mounted carriage/fixed tubes
Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 3.00" / 76 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 3.00" / 76 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 51,365 shp / 38,318 Kw = 35.00 kts
Range 4,200nm at 14.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 255 tons
Complement:
137 - 179
Cost:
£0.214 million / $0.857 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 82 tons, 4.5 %
- Guns: 79 tons, 4.4 %
- Torpedoes: 3 tons, 0.1 %
Armour: 60 tons, 3.3 %
- Armament: 60 tons, 3.3 %
Machinery: 930 tons, 51.6 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 528 tons, 29.3 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 202 tons, 11.2 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
466 lbs / 211 Kg = 7.5 x 5.0 " / 127 mm shells or 0.3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.22
Metacentric height 1.6 ft / 0.5 m
Roll period: 12.1 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 51 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.38
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.02
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak,
a normal bow and a round stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.385 / 0.394
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.72 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 18.71 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 69 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 23.00 ft / 7.01 m, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m
- Forward deck: 15.00 %, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m
- Aft deck: 50.00 %, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Average freeboard: 16.88 ft / 5.15 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 180.8 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 167.5 %
Waterplane Area: 7,678 Square feet or 713 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 65 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 35 lbs/sq ft or 170 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.44
- Longitudinal: 2.51
- Overall: 0.52
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Monday, September 03, 2007
The GB/CB/1915 from the Blue Book
The specification of the first ship in the "Blue Book" from the early 1970's is quite simple and agressive:
38 Knots 850ft x 95ft V/sqrt(L) = 1.3 Displacement=29,000 tons 180,000 SHP 4-13.5in guns sqrt(L)=29.155 V/sqrt(L)= 1.303389247 7.215 SHP/ton SHP required=209,235.1 calculation 18 July 1973The Springsharp design is feasible only using the lightest allowed machinery and higher power:
GB/CB/1915 Fast (Red Book), Great Britain Battlecruiser laid down 1915 (Engine 1950)
Displacement:
27,234 t light; 28,109 t standard; 28,966 t normal; 29,652 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(855.86 ft / 850.00 ft) x 95.00 ft x (31.00 / 31.48 ft)
(260.87 m / 259.08 m) x 28.96 m x (9.45 / 9.60 m)
Armament:
4 - 13.50" / 343 mm 45.0 cal guns - 1,350.00lbs / 612.35kg shells, 90 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1915 Model
2 x Twin mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
12 - 4.00" / 102 mm 45.0 cal guns - 32.00lbs / 14.51kg shells, 120 per gun
Breech loading guns in deck and hoist mount, 1915 Model
1 x Single mount on sides, forward deck aft
Weight of broadside 5,784 lbs / 2,624 kg
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 5.00" / 127 mm 490.00 ft / 149.35 m 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 89 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
1.50" / 38 mm 490.00 ft / 149.35 m 31.00 ft / 9.45 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 5.00" / 127 mm 8.00" / 203 mm
2nd: 4.00" / 102 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 4.00" / 102 mm
- Armoured deck - multiple decks: 3.00" / 76 mm For and Aft decks
Forecastle: 3.00" / 76 mm Quarter deck: 3.00" / 76 mm
- Conning towers: Forward 8.00" / 203 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 4 shafts, 271,924 shp / 202,855 Kw = 38.00 kts
Range 4,200nm at 14.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,542 tons
Complement:
1,109 - 1,443
Cost:
£3.439 million / $13.756 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 959 tons, 3.3 %
Armour: 6,515 tons, 22.5 %
- Belts: 1,756 tons, 6.1 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 843 tons, 2.9 %
- Armament: 968 tons, 3.3 %
- Armour Deck: 2,785 tons, 9.6 %
- Conning Tower: 163 tons, 0.6 %
Machinery: 6,505 tons, 22.5 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 13,255 tons, 45.8 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,732 tons, 6.0 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
45,842 lbs / 20,794 Kg = 37.3 x 13.5 " / 343 mm shells or 5.5 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.17
Metacentric height 6.2 ft / 1.9 m
Roll period: 16.0 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 68 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.44
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.36
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has low quarterdeck ,
an extended bulbous bow and a cruiser stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.405 / 0.408
Length to Beam Ratio: 8.95 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 29.15 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 54 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 9.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 37.00 ft / 11.28 m, 34.00 ft / 10.36 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 34.00 ft / 10.36 m, 32.00 ft / 9.75 m
- Aft deck: 19.00 %, 32.00 ft / 9.75 m, 32.00 ft / 9.75 m
- Quarter deck: 31.00 %, 24.00 ft / 7.32 m, 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
- Average freeboard: 30.46 ft / 9.28 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 112.6 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 279.2 %
Waterplane Area: 49,852 Square feet or 4,631 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 119 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 170 lbs/sq ft or 831 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.93
- Longitudinal: 1.86
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
Sunday, September 02, 2007
The GB/PG/1915 design
I had thought that this might have been a German design, but then I realized that all the fast gunboats were specified by my friend Cliff, for the British. This is a very "edgy" design, as the speed is specified to be 36 knots. The guns are not listed, but at this point, suspect that the guns should be 3-4in, not 3-5in, but I believe that 5in were what was planned. The ship really does not work in Springsharp, but by doing some bad things, I was able to make the ship work. I was helped by the fact that the only dimension specified was the 275ft length. The hacks that I used were to increase the draft to a unrealistic amount and I used lightweight 5in/35 QF guns. The range is also very low. It would not be a useful ship for long range cruising. I would only want to use the ship with the Dover Patrol or the Harwich Force. This is the Springsharp report:
GB/PG/1915, Great Britain Fast Gunboat laid down 1915 (Engine 1950)
Displacement:
980 t light; 1,011 t standard; 1,062 t normal; 1,104 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(277.42 ft / 275.00 ft) x 25.00 ft x (14.50 / 14.83 ft)
(84.56 m / 83.82 m) x 7.62 m x (4.42 / 4.52 m)
Armament:
3 - 5.00" / 127 mm 35.0 cal guns - 58.60lbs / 26.58kg shells, 100 per gun
Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1915 Model
3 x Single mounts on centreline ends, majority forward
1 raised mount - superfiring
Main guns limited to end-on fire
Weight of broadside 176 lbs / 80 kg
Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 1.00" / 25 mm 1.00" / 25 mm 1.00" / 25 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 38,772 shp / 28,924 Kw = 36.00 kts
Range 1,700nm at 14.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 93 tons
Complement:
92 - 120
Cost:
£0.184 million / $0.734 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 37 tons, 3.5 %
Armour: 21 tons, 2.0 %
- Armament: 21 tons, 2.0 %
Machinery: 564 tons, 53.0 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 358 tons, 33.7 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 83 tons, 7.8 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
224 lbs / 102 Kg = 3.6 x 5.0 " / 127 mm shells or 0.2 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.01
Metacentric height 0.6 ft / 0.2 m
Roll period: 13.2 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 51 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 1.15
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.09
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak,
a normal bow and large transom stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.373 / 0.379
Length to Beam Ratio: 11.00 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 19.11 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 73 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 47
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 6.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 23.00 ft / 7.01 m, 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
- Forward deck: 13.00 %, 21.00 ft / 6.40 m, 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
- Aft deck: 54.00 %, 13.00 ft / 3.96 m, 13.00 ft / 3.96 m
- Quarter deck: 13.00 %, 13.00 ft / 3.96 m, 13.00 ft / 3.96 m
- Average freeboard: 15.80 ft / 4.82 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 182.3 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 130.1 %
Waterplane Area: 4,318 Square feet or 401 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 53 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 28 lbs/sq ft or 138 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.39
- Longitudinal: 6.85
- Overall: 0.52
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Saturday, September 01, 2007
My friend Cliff's GB/FG/1913 design
My friend Cliff had this concept for a fast gunboat to be laid down in 1913. He was casting around for a name and decided to call it a "Frigate-Gunboat". This is a ship that would have 5-4in QF guns and 2-21in TT. The speed was 32 knots, but he wanted a 20 knot cruising speed with 300 tons of oil fuel. This is the complete specification:
FG 1200 tons standard 32 knots GB/FG/1913
300 tons oil fuel max. 5-4in QF guns and 2-21in TT
Dimensions: 315ft x 30ft x 10ft 25,000 SHP
V/sqrt(L) = 1.795 13ehp/ton 15,688 ehp = 32 knots
26,000 SHP = 32 knots
V/sqrt(L) = 1.12f 4 ehp/ton 4,800 ehp = 20 knots
8,000 SHP = 20 knots
This is the Springsharp report:
GB/FG/1913, Great Britain Frigate-Gunboat laid down 1913 (Engine 1950)
Displacement:
1,124 t light; 1,167 t standard; 1,337 t normal; 1,472 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(317.82 ft / 315.00 ft) x 30.00 ft x (10.00 / 10.76 ft)
(96.87 m / 96.01 m) x 9.14 m x (3.05 / 3.28 m)
Armament:
5 - 4.00" / 102 mm 45.0 cal guns - 32.00lbs / 14.51kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1913 Model
4 x Single mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
2 raised mounts - superfiring
1 x Single mount on centreline, forward deck aft
Weight of broadside 160 lbs / 73 kg
2 - 21.0" / 533 mm, 21.00 ft / 6.40 m torpedoes - 1.334 t each, 2.668 t total
In 1 sets of deck mounted carriage/fixed tubes
Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 3.00" / 76 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 3.00" / 76 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 32,631 shp / 24,343 Kw = 32.00 kts
Range 2,400nm at 20.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 305 tons
Complement:
109 - 143
Cost:
£0.157 million / $0.627 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 47 tons, 3.5 %
- Guns: 45 tons, 3.3 %
- Torpedoes: 3 tons, 0.2 %
Armour: 67 tons, 5.0 %
- Armament: 67 tons, 5.0 %
Machinery: 634 tons, 47.4 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 377 tons, 28.2 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 212 tons, 15.9 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
397 lbs / 180 Kg = 12.4 x 4.0 " / 102 mm shells or 0.3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.11
Metacentric height 1.0 ft / 0.3 m
Roll period: 12.6 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 53 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.54
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.06
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak,
a normal bow and a round stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.495 / 0.507
Length to Beam Ratio: 10.50 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 17.75 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 70 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 7.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 23.00 ft / 7.01 m, 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
- Forward deck: 15.00 %, 21.00 ft / 6.40 m, 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
- Aft deck: 50.00 %, 13.00 ft / 3.96 m, 13.00 ft / 3.96 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 13.00 ft / 3.96 m, 13.00 ft / 3.96 m
- Average freeboard: 15.96 ft / 4.86 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 164.0 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 160.7 %
Waterplane Area: 6,268 Square feet or 582 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 75 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 28 lbs/sq ft or 136 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.42
- Longitudinal: 2.54
- Overall: 0.51
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Friday, August 31, 2007
The Ger/DD/1915 design
The Ger/DD/1915 is one of the last designs in the "Blue Book" from the early 1970's. This is the original specification:
Ger/DD/1915 800 tons 20,000 SHP at 45 SHP/ton 240ft x 26ft Depth = 20ft Cp = 0.58 Cm = 0.80 Weights: Armament 20 tons Machinery 444 tons Hull 272 tons Miscellaneous 64 tons Oil fuel 200 tons Feedwater 50 tons Full load 1050 tons 2-4in guns (1.7 ton) and 4-21in TT 20 mines on deckThis is the Springsharp report for what I was actually able to implement:
Ger/DD/1915, Germany Destroyer laid down 1915 (Engine 1950)
Displacement:
762 t light; 790 t standard; 880 t normal; 952 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(248.31 ft / 240.00 ft) x 26.00 ft x (12.50 / 13.16 ft)
(75.69 m / 73.15 m) x 7.92 m x (3.81 / 4.01 m)
Armament:
2 - 4.00" / 102 mm 45.0 cal guns - 32.00lbs / 14.51kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1915 Model
2 x Single mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
Weight of broadside 64 lbs / 29 kg
4 - 21.0" / 533 mm, 21.00 ft / 6.40 m torpedoes - 1.342 t each, 5.368 t total
In 2 sets of deck mounted centre rotating tubes
Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 3.00" / 76 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 3.00" / 76 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 28,525 shp / 21,279 Kw = 32.00 kts
Range 4,000nm at 14.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 162 tons
Complement:
80 - 105
Cost:
£0.139 million / $0.556 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 23 tons, 2.6 %
- Guns: 18 tons, 2.0 %
- Torpedoes: 5 tons, 0.6 %
Armour: 26 tons, 3.0 %
- Armament: 26 tons, 3.0 %
Machinery: 447 tons, 50.8 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 245 tons, 27.9 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 118 tons, 13.4 %
Miscellaneous weights: 20 tons, 2.3 %
- On freeboard deck: 20 tons
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
216 lbs / 98 Kg = 6.8 x 4.0 " / 102 mm shells or 0.2 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.15
Metacentric height 0.9 ft / 0.3 m
Roll period: 11.8 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 50 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.27
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.01
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has raised forecastle,
a normal bow and a cruiser stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.395 / 0.406
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.23 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 15.49 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 74 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 6.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 6.00 ft / 1.83 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m, 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 13.00 ft / 3.96 m, 13.00 ft / 3.96 m
- Aft deck: 35.00 %, 13.00 ft / 3.96 m, 13.00 ft / 3.96 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 13.00 ft / 3.96 m, 13.00 ft / 3.96 m
- Average freeboard: 14.68 ft / 4.47 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 170.6 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 84.1 %
Waterplane Area: 3,828 Square feet or 356 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 60 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 25 lbs/sq ft or 120 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.39
- Longitudinal: 5.29
- Overall: 0.51
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped
Thursday, August 30, 2007
My most successful Ger/DM/1913 design
My Ger/DM/1913 design would have had one ship built to it, named the Meteor, after the real German minelayer. The specifications are very demanding for the current state of the art Springsharp:
Ger/DM/1913 Meteor 1600 tons 350ft x 36ft 2-6in guns and 250 mines 40,000 SHP = 35 knotsI had to have a draft that is too deep for a ship of that size and a freeboard that is rather high. Still, I have never been able to do this well:
Ger/DM/1913 Meteor, Germany Destroyer Minelayer laid down 1913 (Engine 1950)
Displacement:
1,822 t light; 1,879 t standard; 2,022 t normal; 2,136 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(352.52 ft / 350.00 ft) x 36.00 ft x (13.00 / 13.49 ft)
(107.45 m / 106.68 m) x 10.97 m x (3.96 / 4.11 m)
Armament:
2 - 6.00" / 152 mm 45.0 cal guns - 100.00lbs / 45.36kg shells, 150 per gun
Breech loading guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1913 Model
1 x Single mount on centreline, forward deck forward
1 x Single mount on centreline, aft deck forward
Weight of broadside 200 lbs / 91 kg
Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 3.00" / 76 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 3.00" / 76 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 47,138 shp / 35,165 Kw = 35.00 kts
Range 3,500nm at 14.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 257 tons
Complement:
149 - 195
Cost:
£0.236 million / $0.943 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 58 tons, 2.9 %
Armour: 34 tons, 1.7 %
- Armament: 34 tons, 1.7 %
Machinery: 942 tons, 46.6 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 538 tons, 26.6 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 200 tons, 9.9 %
Miscellaneous weights: 250 tons, 12.4 %
- On freeboard deck: 250 tons
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
628 lbs / 285 Kg = 5.8 x 6.0 " / 152 mm shells or 0.4 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.10
Metacentric height 1.3 ft / 0.4 m
Roll period: 13.3 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 50 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.32
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.01
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak,
a normal bow and large transom stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.432 / 0.440
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.72 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 21.59 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 71 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 6.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 24.00 ft / 7.32 m, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m
- Forward deck: 15.00 %, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m
- Aft deck: 50.00 %, 15.00 ft / 4.57 m, 15.00 ft / 4.57 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 15.00 ft / 4.57 m, 15.00 ft / 4.57 m
- Average freeboard: 17.61 ft / 5.37 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 159.9 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 174.8 %
Waterplane Area: 8,228 Square feet or 764 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 74 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 32 lbs/sq ft or 158 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.43
- Longitudinal: 2.76
- Overall: 0.52
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Wednesday, August 29, 2007
An "alternate" Ger/CL/1914 design
I have long admired the Russian light cruisers built right before and during the Great War. They seemed to have some German influence. I thought that I would try designing a German ship along those lines, although persisting in using English units for torpedos and guns. I wanted to keep using coal-fired boilers, as that would have been what would have been actually used. This is my Springsharp design:
Ger/CL/1914 Alternate, Germany Light Cruiser laid down 1914 (Engine 1937)
Displacement:
6,627 t light; 6,853 t standard; 7,494 t normal; 8,007 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(524.10 ft / 518.00 ft) x 53.00 ft x (17.00 / 17.93 ft)
(159.75 m / 157.89 m) x 16.15 m x (5.18 / 5.46 m)
Armament:
12 - 5.10" / 130 mm 50.0 cal guns - 70.00lbs / 31.75kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1914 Model
2 x Single mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
10 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
Weight of broadside 840 lbs / 381 kg
4 - 21.0" / 533 mm, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m torpedoes - 1.397 t each, 5.589 t total
In 2 sets of deck mounted side rotating tubes
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 370.00 ft / 112.78 m 12.00 ft / 3.66 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 110 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
0.70" / 18 mm 370.00 ft / 112.78 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 3.00" / 76 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 3.00" / 76 mm
- Protected deck - single deck: 2.00" / 51 mm For and Aft decks
Forecastle: 2.00" / 51 mm Quarter deck: 2.00" / 51 mm
- Conning towers: Forward 5.00" / 127 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm
Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 59,473 shp / 44,367 Kw = 30.00 kts
Range 5,200nm at 14.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,155 tons (100% coal)
Complement:
402 - 523
Cost:
£0.732 million / $2.927 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 257 tons, 3.4 %
- Guns: 252 tons, 3.4 %
- Torpedoes: 6 tons, 0.1 %
Armour: 1,822 tons, 24.3 %
- Belts: 722 tons, 9.6 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 153 tons, 2.0 %
- Armament: 183 tons, 2.4 %
- Armour Deck: 722 tons, 9.6 %
- Conning Tower: 41 tons, 0.6 %
Machinery: 1,813 tons, 24.2 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 2,734 tons, 36.5 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 867 tons, 11.6 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
12,041 lbs / 5,462 Kg = 181.5 x 5.1 " / 130 mm shells or 1.8 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.15
Metacentric height 2.5 ft / 0.8 m
Roll period: 14.1 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 69 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.42
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.38
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has low quarterdeck ,
a normal bow and a cruiser stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.562 / 0.569
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.77 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 22.76 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 58 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 5.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 4.00 ft / 1.22 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 24.00 ft / 7.32 m, 23.00 ft / 7.01 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 23.00 ft / 7.01 m, 23.00 ft / 7.01 m
- Aft deck: 23.00 %, 23.00 ft / 7.01 m, 23.00 ft / 7.01 m
- Quarter deck: 27.00 %, 15.00 ft / 4.57 m, 15.00 ft / 4.57 m
- Average freeboard: 20.92 ft / 6.38 m
Ship tends to be wet forward
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 144.5 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 206.4 %
Waterplane Area: 19,377 Square feet or 1,800 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 119 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 86 lbs/sq ft or 418 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.93
- Longitudinal: 1.91
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
Tuesday, August 28, 2007
A conservative Ger/DL/1912 design (but not real)
This is a conservative Ger/DL/1912 design that is not intended to be "real German", but more like our alternate history German designs. The main thing is that is more realistic is using coal-fired boilers. The speed is 33 knots, which is not too extreme. The guns are heavier than you might expect, at 4-5.1in QF. The tubes are not a German size. They are 6-21in TT in three twin mounts. This sort of ship is not able to take much damage, which is the downside of all of these designs. This is the Springsharp report:
Ger/DL/1912, Germany Destroyer laid down 1912 (Engine 1950)
Displacement:
1,536 t light; 1,602 t standard; 1,802 t normal; 1,961 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(357.42 ft / 350.00 ft) x 35.00 ft x (11.00 / 11.70 ft)
(108.94 m / 106.68 m) x 10.67 m x (3.35 / 3.57 m)
Armament:
4 - 5.10" / 130 mm 45.0 cal guns - 65.00lbs / 29.48kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1912 Model
4 x Single mounts on centreline, evenly spread
Aft Main mounts separated by engine room
Weight of broadside 260 lbs / 118 kg
6 - 21.0" / 533 mm, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m torpedoes - 1.389 t each, 8.335 t total
In 3 sets of deck mounted carriage/fixed tubes
Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 3.00" / 76 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 3.00" / 76 mm
Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, steam turbines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 41,996 shp / 31,329 Kw = 33.00 kts
Range 4,300nm at 14.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 359 tons (100% coal)
Complement:
137 - 179
Cost:
£0.203 million / $0.813 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 80 tons, 4.5 %
- Guns: 72 tons, 4.0 %
- Torpedoes: 8 tons, 0.5 %
Armour: 60 tons, 3.3 %
- Armament: 60 tons, 3.3 %
Machinery: 887 tons, 49.2 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 479 tons, 26.6 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 266 tons, 14.7 %
Miscellaneous weights: 30 tons, 1.7 %
- On freeboard deck: 30 tons
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
499 lbs / 226 Kg = 7.5 x 5.1 " / 130 mm shells or 0.3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.25
Metacentric height 1.6 ft / 0.5 m
Roll period: 11.8 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 51 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.35
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.02
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has raised forecastle,
a normal bow and a cruiser stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.468 / 0.479
Length to Beam Ratio: 10.00 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 18.71 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 69 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 6.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 5.00 ft / 1.52 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 28.00 %, 23.00 ft / 7.01 m, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Aft deck: 27.00 %, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Average freeboard: 16.35 ft / 4.98 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 171.9 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 149.9 %
Waterplane Area: 7,933 Square feet or 737 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 71 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 32 lbs/sq ft or 157 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.46
- Longitudinal: 1.97
- Overall: 0.53
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Monday, August 27, 2007
"www.the-blueprints.com" has a good Novik drawing
"www.the-blueprints.com" has an impressive sideview and planview of the Russian destroyer Novik (1913). My best coverage is form the 1919 Jane's Fighting Ships, although Conway's might be good, as well.
Sunday, August 26, 2007
The famous Russian destroyer Novik
The Ger/DD/1914 design
This is the original specification for the Ger/DD/1914, probably dating from 1971:
Ger/DD/1914 2-4in QF guns, 6-21in TT 20 mines 265ft x 27ft 900 tons 200 tons of oil fuel 18,000 SHP = 32 knots Cost: £81,000I tried very hard to come close to this specification. The resulting design has a very high freeboard for the size of the ship:
Ger/DD/1914, Germany Destroyer laid down 1914 (Engine 1950)
Displacement:
861 t light; 895 t standard; 1,009 t normal; 1,100 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(272.10 ft / 265.00 ft) x 27.00 ft x (10.50 / 11.19 ft)
(82.94 m / 80.77 m) x 8.23 m x (3.20 / 3.41 m)
Armament:
2 - 4.00" / 102 mm 50.0 cal guns - 32.00lbs / 14.51kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1914 Model
2 x Single mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
Weight of broadside 64 lbs / 29 kg
6 - 21.0" / 533 mm, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m torpedoes - 1.397 t each, 8.383 t total
In 3 sets of deck mounted carriage/fixed tubes
Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 2.00" / 51 mm 1.00" / 25 mm 1.00" / 25 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 30,310 shp / 22,611 Kw = 32.00 kts
Range 4,000nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 205 tons
Complement:
89 - 116
Cost:
£0.139 million / $0.557 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 29 tons, 2.9 %
- Guns: 21 tons, 2.1 %
- Torpedoes: 8 tons, 0.8 %
Armour: 14 tons, 1.4 %
- Armament: 14 tons, 1.4 %
Machinery: 514 tons, 50.9 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 284 tons, 28.2 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 148 tons, 14.7 %
Miscellaneous weights: 20 tons, 2.0 %
- On freeboard deck: 20 tons
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
286 lbs / 130 Kg = 8.9 x 4.0 " / 102 mm shells or 0.2 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.22
Metacentric height 1.0 ft / 0.3 m
Roll period: 11.3 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 51 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.24
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.02
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has raised forecastle,
a normal bow and a cruiser stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.470 / 0.481
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.81 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 16.28 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 74 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 6.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 5.00 ft / 1.52 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 23.00 %, 20.00 ft / 6.10 m, 19.00 ft / 5.79 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Aft deck: 32.00 %, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Average freeboard: 15.24 ft / 4.65 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 171.1 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 132.2 %
Waterplane Area: 4,642 Square feet or 431 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 65 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 25 lbs/sq ft or 123 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.42
- Longitudinal: 4.35
- Overall: 0.53
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Saturday, August 25, 2007
The Ger/DL/1914 design
I tried a different tact with my Ger/DL/1914 design, dating from the early 1970's. This is my original specification:
Ger/DL/1914 4-4in QF guns and 6-21in TT 32 knots 25,000 SHP 320ft x 33ft 30 mines 1250 tons 250 tons of oil fuelI took that as my starting point for a Springsharp design. My design actually ended up having a smaller displacement:
Ger/DL/1914, Germany Destroyer Leader laid down 1914 (Engine 1950)
Displacement:
1,029 t light; 1,072 t standard; 1,208 t normal; 1,318 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(327.84 ft / 320.00 ft) x 33.00 ft x (9.00 / 9.57 ft)
(99.92 m / 97.54 m) x 10.06 m x (2.74 / 2.92 m)
Armament:
4 - 4.00" / 102 mm 50.0 cal guns - 32.00lbs / 14.51kg shells, 150 per gun
Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1914 Model
4 x Single mounts on centreline, evenly spread
Aft Main mounts separated by engine room
Weight of broadside 128 lbs / 58 kg
6 - 21.0" / 533 mm, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m torpedoes - 1.397 t each, 8.383 t total
In 3 sets of deck mounted centre rotating tubes
Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 2.00" / 51 mm 1.00" / 25 mm 2.00" / 51 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 29,839 shp / 22,260 Kw = 32.00 kts
Range 5,200nm at 14.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 246 tons
Complement:
102 - 133
Cost:
£0.166 million / $0.664 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 50 tons, 4.1 %
- Guns: 42 tons, 3.4 %
- Torpedoes: 8 tons, 0.7 %
Armour: 28 tons, 2.3 %
- Armament: 28 tons, 2.3 %
Machinery: 570 tons, 47.2 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 350 tons, 29.0 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 180 tons, 14.9 %
Miscellaneous weights: 30 tons, 2.5 %
- On freeboard deck: 30 tons
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
423 lbs / 192 Kg = 13.2 x 4.0 " / 102 mm shells or 0.3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.28
Metacentric height 1.5 ft / 0.5 m
Roll period: 11.4 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 51 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.23
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.02
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has raised forecastle,
a normal bow and a cruiser stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.445 / 0.456
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.70 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 17.89 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 68 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 5.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 6.00 ft / 1.83 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 21.00 ft / 6.40 m, 20.00 ft / 6.10 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Aft deck: 35.00 %, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m, 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Average freeboard: 15.28 ft / 4.66 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 163.5 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 117.5 %
Waterplane Area: 6,709 Square feet or 623 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 74 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 28 lbs/sq ft or 137 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.44
- Longitudinal: 2.09
- Overall: 0.51
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
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