I couldn't resist trying the GB/CB/1921 Super Fast design

After the success with the Ger/CBL/1915 Mod.A, faster version, I thought I would try the GB/CB/1921 "Super Fast" battlecruiser design from the Red Book. I used the specified dimensions, although the freeboard is higher. One variation is that the displacement IS LESS than I had specified. Very lightweight machinery is required, but not the lightest weight. The protection is modest, but more than the Ger/CBL/1915 design. 40 knots was not achievable, but 37 knots was, with a not very excessive SHP, and with four shafts, not six or eight. The armament is the 4-17in BLR and 16-4in QF guns. A higher speed could have been achieved, but seakeeping was an issue, partly due to the narrow beam. Seakeeping drove the displacement lower, as 32,000 tons was not compatible with adequate seakeeping. I may experiment with making design changes to see if 40 knots might be possible. This is the Springsharp report:

GB/CB/1921 Super Fast  Red Book, Great Britain Battlecruiser laid down 1921 (Engine 1945)

Displacement:
 24,968 t light; 25,985 t standard; 27,600 t normal; 28,892 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 802.31 ft / 800.00 ft x 85.00 ft x 29.70 ft (normal load)
 244.54 m / 243.84 m x 25.91 m  x 9.05 m

Armament:
      4 - 17.00" / 432 mm guns (2x2 guns), 2,456.50lbs / 1,114.25kg shells, 1921 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, evenly spread
      4 - 4.00" / 102 mm guns (2x2 guns), 32.00lbs / 14.51kg shells, 1921 Model
   Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on centreline ends, evenly spread, all raised mounts
      12 - 4.00" / 102 mm guns (6x2 guns), 32.00lbs / 14.51kg shells, 1921 Model
   Breech loading guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, all amidships
 Weight of broadside 10,338 lbs / 4,689 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 80

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 6.00" / 152 mm 470.00 ft / 143.26 m 12.00 ft / 3.66 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 90 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  1.00" / 25 mm 470.00 ft / 143.26 m 29.00 ft / 8.84 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 6.00" / 152 mm 4.00" / 102 mm  6.00" / 152 mm
 2nd: 3.00" / 76 mm 3.00" / 76 mm  3.00" / 76 mm
 3rd: 3.00" / 76 mm 3.00" / 76 mm  3.00" / 76 mm

   - Armour deck: 2.00" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 6.00" / 152 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 250,474 shp / 186,853 Kw = 37.00 kts
 Range 7,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 2,907 tons

Complement:
 1,069 - 1,391

Cost:
 £7.242 million / $28.966 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 1,292 tons, 4.7 %
 Armour: 4,711 tons, 17.1 %
    - Belts: 1,438 tons, 5.2 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 504 tons, 1.8 %
    - Armament: 1,007 tons, 3.6 %
    - Armour Deck: 1,644 tons, 6.0 %
    - Conning Tower: 118 tons, 0.4 %
 Machinery: 6,325 tons, 22.9 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 12,639 tons, 45.8 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,632 tons, 9.5 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   26,956 lbs / 12,227 Kg = 11.0 x 17.0 " / 432 mm shells or 3.0 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.15
 Metacentric height 5.1 ft / 1.6 m
 Roll period: 15.8 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 51 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.78
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.02

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.478
 Length to Beam Ratio: 9.41 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 28.28 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 57 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 4.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -1.00 ft / -0.30 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  33.00 ft / 10.06 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 30.00 ft / 9.14 m
    - Mid (40 %):  30.00 ft / 9.14 m (23.00 ft / 7.01 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 23.00 ft / 7.01 m
    - Stern:  23.00 ft / 7.01 m
    - Average freeboard: 26.04 ft / 7.94 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 142.5 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 199.2 %
 Waterplane Area: 44,434 Square feet or 4,128 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 100 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 178 lbs/sq ft or 869 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.95
  - Longitudinal: 1.52
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

I wanted to see if I could get more speed from the Ger/CBL/1915 design

I wondered if I could get the Ger/CBL/1915 design to reach 40 knots, but the answer is that can only be done with the lightest possible machinery. The basic dimensions are relatively unchanged, except that the freeboard is raised and the draft slightly increased. The new standard displacement is 19,102 tons. The survivability is acceptable, as the ship can absorb 22 12in hits and could take one torpedo hit without sinking. I don't like the roll period being as quick as it is: 13.9 seconds, but it is acceptable. The modified design can now carry 2-12in BLR and 12-6in QF guns at up to 40 knots or for 7,500nm at 15 knots. The design lacks a torpedo bulkhead. The effect of the weight was prohibitive. This is the Springsharp report:

Ger/CBL/1915 Mod.A High Speed  Red Book, Germany Light Battlecruiser laid down 1915 (Engine 1941)

Displacement:
 18,567 t light; 19,195 t standard; 20,600 t normal; 21,724 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 802.24 ft / 800.00 ft x 80.00 ft x 23.50 ft (normal load)
 244.52 m / 243.84 m x 24.38 m  x 7.16 m

Armament:
      2 - 12.00" / 305 mm guns (1x2 guns), 864.00lbs / 391.90kg shells, 1915 Model
   Breech loading guns in a turret (on a barbette)
   on centreline forward
      12 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1915 Model
   Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, evenly spread
 Weight of broadside 3,024 lbs / 1,372 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 120

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 470.00 ft / 143.26 m 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 90 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 5.00" / 127 mm 3.00" / 76 mm  5.00" / 127 mm
 2nd: 3.00" / 76 mm 3.00" / 76 mm  3.00" / 76 mm

   - Armour deck: 1.00" / 25 mm, Conning tower: 5.00" / 127 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 257,302 shp / 191,947 Kw = 39.00 kts
 Range 7,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 2,529 tons

Complement:
 859 - 1,117

Cost:
 £2.792 million / $11.167 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 378 tons, 1.8 %
 Armour: 2,634 tons, 12.8 %
    - Belts: 1,350 tons, 6.6 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
    - Armament: 429 tons, 2.1 %
    - Armour Deck: 774 tons, 3.8 %
    - Conning Tower: 81 tons, 0.4 %
 Machinery: 6,800 tons, 33.0 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 8,755 tons, 42.5 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,033 tons, 9.9 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   19,865 lbs / 9,011 Kg = 23.0 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 1.8 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.34
 Metacentric height 6.0 ft / 1.8 m
 Roll period: 13.7 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 51 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.26
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.03

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.479
 Length to Beam Ratio: 10.00 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 28.28 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 58 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 4.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  32.00 ft / 9.75 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 27.00 ft / 8.23 m
    - Mid (68 %):  27.00 ft / 8.23 m (19.00 ft / 5.79 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 19.00 ft / 5.79 m
    - Stern:  19.00 ft / 5.79 m
    - Average freeboard: 24.84 ft / 7.57 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 121.1 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 231.2 %
 Waterplane Area: 41,860 Square feet or 3,889 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 107 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 136 lbs/sq ft or 664 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.98
  - Longitudinal: 1.23
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

The Ger/BB/1915 CDV Design

In the early 1970's, I was interested in coast defense battleships. I was familiar with what had been done in the pre-Dreadnought age, and thought that something good could be done, circa 1915. I have implemented a Springsharp design that is trying to be as faithful to my original intent, as possible. In particular, I wanted the weights to be close to what I had originally specified. I found, though, that I had underestimated the required hull weight to achieve adequate strength. The armor had to be reduced, accordingly, to stay close to the desired displacement. The ship has 4-1in BLR and 20-5in QF guns in twin mounts. The hull is flush-decked and there is a single funnel. The desired speed is modest, being just 20 knots. This is the Sprinsharp report:

Ger/BB/1915 CDV, Germany Coast Defense Battleship laid down 1915 (Engine 1937)

Displacement:
 26,621 t light; 28,308 t standard; 29,500 t normal; 30,453 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 585.40 ft / 585.00 ft x 100.00 ft x 24.10 ft (normal load)
 178.43 m / 178.31 m x 30.48 m  x 7.35 m

Armament:
      4 - 18.00" / 457 mm guns (2x2 guns), 2,916.00lbs / 1,322.68kg shells, 1915 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, evenly spread
      20 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns (10x2 guns), 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1915 Model
   Quick firing guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on side, all amidships, 4 raised mounts - superfiring
 Weight of broadside 12,914 lbs / 5,858 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 150

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 14.0" / 356 mm 360.00 ft / 109.73 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
 Upper: 10.0" / 254 mm 360.00 ft / 109.73 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
   Main Belt covers 95 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  5.00" / 127 mm 360.00 ft / 109.73 m 23.00 ft / 7.01 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 14.0" / 356 mm 9.00" / 229 mm  14.0" / 356 mm
 2nd: 5.00" / 127 mm 5.00" / 127 mm  5.00" / 127 mm

   - Armour deck: 6.00" / 152 mm, Conning tower: 14.00" / 356 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 31,015 shp / 23,137 Kw = 20.00 kts
 Range 4,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 2,145 tons

Complement:
 1,125 - 1,463

Cost:
 £3.503 million / $14.011 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 1,614 tons, 5.5 %
 Armour: 12,926 tons, 43.8 %
    - Belts: 3,126 tons, 10.6 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 1,532 tons, 5.2 %
    - Armament: 2,625 tons, 8.9 %
    - Armour Deck: 5,356 tons, 18.2 %
    - Conning Tower: 288 tons, 1.0 %
 Machinery: 860 tons, 2.9 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 11,222 tons, 38.0 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,879 tons, 9.8 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   59,120 lbs / 26,817 Kg = 20.3 x 18.0 " / 457 mm shells or 13.0 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.19
 Metacentric height 6.9 ft / 2.1 m
 Roll period: 16.0 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 77 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.55
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.53

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has a flush deck
 Block coefficient: 0.732
 Length to Beam Ratio: 5.85 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 24.19 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 44 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 1.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  23.00 ft / 7.01 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 20.00 ft / 6.10 m
    - Mid (50 %):  20.00 ft / 6.10 m
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 20.00 ft / 6.10 m
    - Stern:  20.00 ft / 6.10 m
    - Average freeboard: 20.24 ft / 6.17 m
 Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 65.8 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 163.4 %
 Waterplane Area: 48,248 Square feet or 4,482 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 107 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 181 lbs/sq ft or 885 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.96
  - Longitudinal: 1.55
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
 Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

I had greatly overestimated speed for power: Ger/CBL/1915 Mod.A

the "Mod.A" version of the Ger/CBL/1915 design attempted to reach very high speeds. The reality was that while the design was workable, the extreme speeds over 40 knots were beyond reach. The design specified a 20,000 ton ship with one twin 12in gun turret forward. There were also 12-6in QF guns grouped in the center. There was a lower quarterdeck for about 33% of the length. I have a photo of the ship:

This is what I have called a "cruiser killer" (Frank Fox's term). I have a Cafe Press product line with this image on it:

For the Springsharp design, I closely followed the original weights and power for the Mod.A version:

Ger/CBL/1915 Mod.A, Enter country Enter ship type laid down 1915 (Engine 1937)

Displacement:
18,062 t light; 18,624 t standard; 20,000 t normal; 21,101 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
804.17 ft / 800.00 ft x 80.00 ft x 23.00 ft (normal load)
245.11 m / 243.84 m x 24.38 m  x 7.01 m

Armament:
     2 - 12.00" / 305 mm guns (1x2 guns), 864.00lbs / 391.90kg shells, 1915 Model
  Breech loading guns in a turret (on a barbette)
  on centreline forward
     12 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1915 Model
  Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
  on side, all amidships
Weight of broadside 3,024 lbs / 1,372 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 90

Armour:
  - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 540.00 ft / 164.59 m 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
Ends: Unarmoured
  Main Belt covers 104 % of normal length
  Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

  - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 6.00" / 152 mm 4.00" / 102 mm  6.00" / 152 mm
2nd: 3.00" / 76 mm 3.00" / 76 mm  3.00" / 76 mm

  - Armour deck: 2.00" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 6.00" / 152 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 4 shafts, 203,756 shp / 152,002 Kw = 37.00 kts
Range 7,200nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 2,477 tons

Complement:
840 - 1,093

Cost:
£2.531 million / $10.126 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 378 tons, 1.9 %
Armour: 3,630 tons, 18.2 %
   - Belts: 1,518 tons, 7.6 %
   - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
   - Armament: 474 tons, 2.4 %
   - Armour Deck: 1,544 tons, 7.7 %
   - Conning Tower: 95 tons, 0.5 %
Machinery: 5,647 tons, 28.2 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 8,406 tons, 42.0 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,938 tons, 9.7 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
  24,688 lbs / 11,198 Kg = 28.6 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 2.1 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.32
Metacentric height 5.9 ft / 1.8 m
Roll period: 13.9 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 56 %
  - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.26
Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.12

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
Block coefficient: 0.476
Length to Beam Ratio: 10.00 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 28.28 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 55 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 4.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 2.00 ft / 0.61 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
   - Stem:  31.00 ft / 9.45 m
   - Forecastle (20 %): 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
   - Mid (67 %):  26.00 ft / 7.92 m (18.00 ft / 5.49 m aft of break)
   - Quarterdeck (15 %): 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
   - Stern:  18.00 ft / 5.49 m
   - Average freeboard: 23.76 ft / 7.24 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 106.0 %
 - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 225.0 %
Waterplane Area: 41,719 Square feet or 3,876 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 111 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 133 lbs/sq ft or 650 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
 - Cross-sectional: 0.98
 - Longitudinal: 1.14
 - Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

A "Moderate Dimensions" Battleship

The next page in the Red Book is a "Moderate Dimensions" battleship that would have made Charles Beresford happy. There is the pencil sketch, and some specifications. I elaborated on what was there to produce a Springsharp design. I suspect that the design was German, so I went forward on that basis, with my usual "Alternate History" variations. There are two turrets forward with big guns for the size of the ship, one superfiring. The belt is short, but that was the intent. I decided the 23 knots was adequate for the design, given that it is practically a coast defence ship. The resulting Springsharp design was quite acceptable, although it depends on light-weight machinery:

Ger/BB/1915 small, Germany Battleship laid down 1915 (Engine 1923)

Displacement:
 25,565 t light; 26,796 t standard; 28,600 t normal; 30,043 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 625.00 ft / 625.00 ft x 100.00 ft x 24.40 ft (normal load)
 190.50 m / 190.50 m x 30.48 m  x 7.44 m

Armament:
      6 - 16.00" / 406 mm guns (2x3 guns), 2,048.00lbs / 928.96kg shells, 1915 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline, all forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
      12 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns in single mounts, 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1915 Model
   Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, all amidships
 Weight of broadside 13,038 lbs / 5,914 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 90

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 14.0" / 356 mm 320.00 ft / 97.54 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
 Upper: 10.0" / 254 mm 320.00 ft / 97.54 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
   Main Belt covers 79 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  4.00" / 102 mm 320.00 ft / 97.54 m 24.00 ft / 7.32 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 14.0" / 356 mm 9.00" / 229 mm  14.0" / 356 mm
 2nd: 4.00" / 102 mm 4.00" / 102 mm  4.00" / 102 mm

   - Armour deck: 3.00" / 76 mm, Conning tower: 14.00" / 356 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 49,139 shp / 36,658 Kw = 23.00 kts
 Range 6,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 3,246 tons

Complement:
 1,099 - 1,429

Cost:
 £3.627 million / $14.509 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 1,630 tons, 5.7 %
 Armour: 9,648 tons, 33.7 %
    - Belts: 2,870 tons, 10.0 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 1,137 tons, 4.0 %
    - Armament: 2,687 tons, 9.4 %
    - Armour Deck: 2,673 tons, 9.3 %
    - Conning Tower: 282 tons, 1.0 %
 Machinery: 1,642 tons, 5.7 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 12,645 tons, 44.2 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,035 tons, 10.6 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   51,116 lbs / 23,186 Kg = 25.0 x 16.0 " / 406 mm shells or 9.6 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.11
 Metacentric height 6.1 ft / 1.9 m
 Roll period: 17.0 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 73 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.75
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.47

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.656
 Length to Beam Ratio: 6.25 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 25.00 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 47 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -2.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  28.00 ft / 8.53 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Mid (67 %):  25.00 ft / 7.62 m (17.00 ft / 5.18 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
    - Stern:  17.00 ft / 5.18 m
    - Average freeboard: 22.60 ft / 6.89 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 77.1 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 190.2 %
 Waterplane Area: 48,160 Square feet or 4,474 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 110 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 198 lbs/sq ft or 965 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.94
  - Longitudinal: 1.75
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
 Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

The Red Book version of the Ger/BB/1905 design

If you accept the fact that the Ger/BB/1905 design has relatively light-weight machinery and oil-fired boilers, then the design works well. I actually used the "classic" Blue Book dimensions with the armouring scheme from the page in the Red Book. This portrays the ship as using an "all-or-nothing" armouring scheme. The armament is the 8-12in BLR and 12-4in QF guns. The armour basis is 11in. The deck armour is 3in. The Standard displacement was meant to be 19,000 tons. This design came out just less than that figure, at 18,939 tons (close enough). The ship, in case you are not familiar with the photo art and descriptions, has a long forecastle, superimposed turrets, three funnels, and a tripod foremast with a large top. The originally intended speed was 23 knots, and this version follows that intent. This is the Springsharp report:

Ger/BB/1905, Germany Battleship laid down 1905 (Engine 1911)

Displacement:
 18,149 t light; 18,939 t standard; 21,000 t normal; 22,649 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 580.00 ft / 580.00 ft x 90.00 ft x 26.60 ft (normal load)
 176.78 m / 176.78 m x 27.43 m  x 8.11 m

Armament:
      8 - 12.00" / 305 mm guns (4x2 guns), 864.00lbs / 391.90kg shells, 1905 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
      12 - 4.00" / 102 mm guns in single mounts, 32.00lbs / 14.51kg shells, 1905 Model
   Quick firing guns in casemate mounts 
   on side, all amidships
 Weight of broadside 7,296 lbs / 3,309 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 90

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 11.0" / 279 mm 370.00 ft / 112.78 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
 Upper: 8.00" / 203 mm 370.00 ft / 112.78 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
   Main Belt covers 98 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  1.50" / 38 mm 370.00 ft / 112.78 m 25.00 ft / 7.62 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 11.0" / 279 mm 8.00" / 203 mm  11.0" / 279 mm
 2nd: 4.00" / 102 mm 4.00" / 102 mm  4.00" / 102 mm

   - Armour deck: 3.00" / 76 mm, Conning tower: 11.00" / 279 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Direct drive, 4 shafts, 38,955 shp / 29,060 Kw = 23.00 kts
 Range 6,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 3,710 tons

Complement:
 871 - 1,133

Cost:
 £1.623 million / $6.491 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 912 tons, 4.3 %
 Armour: 7,256 tons, 34.6 %
    - Belts: 2,456 tons, 11.7 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 513 tons, 2.4 %
    - Armament: 2,124 tons, 10.1 %
    - Armour Deck: 1,983 tons, 9.4 %
    - Conning Tower: 180 tons, 0.9 %
 Machinery: 1,581 tons, 7.5 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 8,400 tons, 40.0 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,851 tons, 13.6 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   39,419 lbs / 17,880 Kg = 45.6 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 7.2 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.05
 Metacentric height 4.7 ft / 1.4 m
 Roll period: 17.4 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 87 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.73
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.73

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.529
 Length to Beam Ratio: 6.44 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 24.08 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 46 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -2.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  28.00 ft / 8.53 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Mid (67 %):  25.00 ft / 7.62 m (17.00 ft / 5.18 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
    - Stern:  17.00 ft / 5.18 m
    - Average freeboard: 22.60 ft / 6.89 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 74.1 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 178.0 %
 Waterplane Area: 35,733 Square feet or 3,320 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 119 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 162 lbs/sq ft or 793 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.93
  - Longitudinal: 1.94
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
 Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

The Ger/CS/1915 design

I somewhat struggled with the Ger/CS/1915 design, as I had trouble getting adequate seakeeping. The specifications in the Red Book were for 12 ships (S-8 to S-19), with a displacement of 2,400 tons and a speed of 35 knots. The dimensions specified were 355ft x 37ft, without a draft being mentioned. The armament was 4-6in QF guns and 4-23.6in TT. The pencil drawing looks like a large, German destroyer. The freeboard and draft are too great, but they seemed to be necessary for Springsharp. I was able to use heavier machinery than I had expected, once I got the draft and freeboard where they needed to be. This is the Springsharp report:

Ger/CS/1915, Germany Scout Cruiser laid down 1915 (Engine 1927)

Displacement:
 2,095 t light; 2,172 t standard; 2,400 t normal; 2,583 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 356.82 ft / 355.00 ft x 37.00 ft x 15.00 ft (normal load)
 108.76 m / 108.20 m x 11.28 m  x 4.57 m

Armament:
      4 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1915 Model
   Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on centreline ends, evenly spread, 1 raised mount
 Weight of broadside 432 lbs / 196 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 120
 4 - 23.6" / 600.0001 mm above water torpedoes

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 2 shafts, 52,011 shp / 38,800 Kw = 35.00 kts
 Range 4,250nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 411 tons

Complement:
 170 - 222

Cost:
 £0.439 million / $1.756 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 54 tons, 2.3 %
 Machinery: 1,308 tons, 54.5 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 733 tons, 30.5 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 305 tons, 12.7 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   583 lbs / 265 Kg = 5.4 x 6.0 " / 152 mm shells or 0.3 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.34
 Metacentric height 1.9 ft / 0.6 m
 Roll period: 11.3 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 59 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.62
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.17

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
   and transom stern
 Block coefficient: 0.426
 Length to Beam Ratio: 9.59 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 21.78 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 71 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 4.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  26.00 ft / 7.92 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
    - Mid (37 %):  24.00 ft / 7.32 m (16.00 ft / 4.88 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
    - Stern:  16.00 ft / 4.88 m
    - Average freeboard: 19.12 ft / 5.83 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 192.7 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 127.2 %
 Waterplane Area: 8,541 Square feet or 793 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 65 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 37 lbs/sq ft or 181 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.44
  - Longitudinal: 3.73
  - Overall: 0.55
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

The BBX-Mod.A design

I had been dissatisfied with the low speed that Cliff had intended for the BBX design. I thought that a ship of that size should have a higher speed, more like a WWII fast battleship. I somewhat reduced the weight given to protection and increased the power, as well as wanted 40SHP/ton machinery. I adjusted the weights to match what I had specified (although the hull weight is much greater, because of the needs of Springsharp to achieve adequate strength). I did not try for a specific speed, but rather, wanted a power output figure of about 179,000 SHP. I was able to come close to what I had specified, and the result seems quite adequate:

GB/BB/BBX Mod.A Red Book, Great Britain Battleship laid down 1915 (Engine 1941)

Displacement:
 72,616 t light; 76,102 t standard; 79,800 t normal; 82,758 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 802.89 ft / 800.00 ft x 135.00 ft x 37.00 ft (normal load)
 244.72 m / 243.84 m x 41.15 m  x 11.28 m

Armament:
      9 - 20.00" / 508 mm guns (3x3 guns), 4,000.00lbs / 1,814.37kg shells, 1915 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, majority forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
      24 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns (12x2 guns), 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1915 Model
   Quick firing guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on side, all amidships, 4 raised mounts - superfiring
 Weight of broadside 37,500 lbs / 17,010 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 90

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 18.0" / 457 mm 450.00 ft / 137.16 m 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 87 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  8.00" / 203 mm 450.00 ft / 137.16 m 36.00 ft / 10.97 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 18.0" / 457 mm 15.0" / 381 mm  18.0" / 457 mm
 2nd: 5.00" / 127 mm 5.00" / 127 mm  5.00" / 127 mm

   - Armour deck: 8.00" / 203 mm, Conning tower: 18.00" / 457 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 173,012 shp / 129,067 Kw = 27.50 kts
 Range 8,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 6,656 tons

Complement:
 2,373 - 3,086

Cost:
 £10.355 million / $41.421 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 4,688 tons, 5.9 %
 Armour: 33,872 tons, 42.4 %
    - Belts: 7,840 tons, 9.8 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 4,795 tons, 6.0 %
    - Armament: 7,718 tons, 9.7 %
    - Armour Deck: 12,799 tons, 16.0 %
    - Conning Tower: 719 tons, 0.9 %
 Machinery: 4,572 tons, 5.7 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 29,485 tons, 36.9 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 7,184 tons, 9.0 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   121,265 lbs / 55,005 Kg = 30.3 x 20.0 " / 508 mm shells or 26.6 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.12
 Metacentric height 9.8 ft / 3.0 m
 Roll period: 18.1 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 57 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.60
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.15

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has a flush deck
 Block coefficient: 0.699
 Length to Beam Ratio: 5.93 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 28.28 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 53 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 5.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  33.00 ft / 10.06 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
    - Mid (50 %):  26.00 ft / 7.92 m
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
    - Stern:  26.00 ft / 7.92 m
    - Average freeboard: 26.56 ft / 8.10 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 73.9 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 180.5 %
 Waterplane Area: 86,483 Square feet or 8,035 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 99 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 259 lbs/sq ft or 1,266 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.96
  - Longitudinal: 1.55
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

My friend Cliff's BBX design

My friend Cliff conceived of his BBX design as accepting a low speed to achieve a strong armament and protection. I adjusted the characteristics to use the SHP and weights for protection and machinery that he wanted. The speed is actually better than the 20 knots he allowed. The displacement to achieve adequate strength is much greater than the 71,500 tons normal that he had hoped for. The reason is that the hull weight is much greater than the 18,800 tons he allowed. The Springsharp hull weight is 29,331 tons. This is the Springsharp report:

GB/BB/BBX Red Book, Great Britain Battleship laid down 1915 (Engine 1927)

Displacement:
 72,798 t light; 76,298 t standard; 80,500 t normal; 83,861 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 802.89 ft / 800.00 ft x 135.00 ft x 37.00 ft (normal load)
 244.72 m / 243.84 m x 41.15 m  x 11.28 m

Armament:
      9 - 20.00" / 508 mm guns (3x3 guns), 4,000.00lbs / 1,814.37kg shells, 1915 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, majority forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
      24 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns (12x2 guns), 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1915 Model
   Quick firing guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on side, all amidships, 4 raised mounts - superfiring
 Weight of broadside 37,500 lbs / 17,010 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 90

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 21.0" / 533 mm 450.00 ft / 137.16 m 20.00 ft / 6.10 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 87 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  8.00" / 203 mm 450.00 ft / 137.16 m 36.00 ft / 10.97 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 21.0" / 533 mm 15.0" / 381 mm  21.0" / 533 mm
 2nd: 5.00" / 127 mm 5.00" / 127 mm  5.00" / 127 mm

   - Armour deck: 8.00" / 203 mm, Conning tower: 21.00" / 533 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 94,524 shp / 70,515 Kw = 23.50 kts
 Range 8,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 7,563 tons

Complement:
 2,389 - 3,106

Cost:
 £10.041 million / $40.164 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 4,688 tons, 5.8 %
 Armour: 35,796 tons, 44.5 %
    - Belts: 8,714 tons, 10.8 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 4,795 tons, 6.0 %
    - Armament: 8,573 tons, 10.6 %
    - Armour Deck: 12,870 tons, 16.0 %
    - Conning Tower: 843 tons, 1.0 %
 Machinery: 2,984 tons, 3.7 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 29,331 tons, 36.4 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 7,702 tons, 9.6 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   135,250 lbs / 61,348 Kg = 33.8 x 20.0 " / 508 mm shells or 32.4 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.10
 Metacentric height 9.4 ft / 2.9 m
 Roll period: 18.5 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 80 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.72
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.60

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has a flush deck
 Block coefficient: 0.705
 Length to Beam Ratio: 5.93 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 28.28 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 45 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 5.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  33.00 ft / 10.06 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
    - Mid (50 %):  26.00 ft / 7.92 m
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
    - Stern:  26.00 ft / 7.92 m
    - Average freeboard: 26.56 ft / 8.10 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 65.9 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 180.3 %
 Waterplane Area: 86,957 Square feet or 8,079 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 102 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 257 lbs/sq ft or 1,253 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.95
  - Longitudinal: 1.55
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
 Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

A design not easily realized

There is a very radical design fast battlecruiser, which I assume that I meant to be German. The design has two triple 18in turrets forward, one in the superfiring position. The secondary armament is 16 single 5in QF guns. I have weights defined, along with dimensions. the specified beam (90ft) and the standard displacement (32,000 tons) is not realizable. To achieve adequate characteristics, the beam was increased to 105ft and the displacement to 39,700 tons, normal. That gives a standard displacement of 37,877 tons, which is closer than I had expected. The draft was increased to 32.5 ft for reasons of seakeeping, but mostly for hull strength. This is the Springsharp report:

Ger/CB/1917, Germany Battlecruiser laid down 1917 (Engine 1941)

Displacement:
 36,148 t light; 37,877 t standard; 39,700 t normal; 41,158 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 790.39 ft / 787.50 ft x 105.00 ft x 32.50 ft (normal load)
 240.91 m / 240.03 m x 32.00 m  x 9.91 m

Armament:
      6 - 18.00" / 457 mm guns (2x3 guns), 2,916.00lbs / 1,322.68kg shells, 1917 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline, all forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
      16 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns in single mounts, 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1917 Model
   Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, all amidships, 4 raised mounts - superfiring
 Weight of broadside 18,496 lbs / 8,390 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 90

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 9.00" / 229 mm 500.00 ft / 152.40 m 9.00 ft / 2.74 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
 Upper: 6.00" / 152 mm 500.00 ft / 152.40 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
   Main Belt covers 98 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  2.00" / 51 mm 500.00 ft / 152.40 m 30.00 ft / 9.14 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 9.00" / 229 mm 7.00" / 178 mm  9.00" / 229 mm
 2nd: 5.00" / 127 mm 5.00" / 127 mm  5.00" / 127 mm

   - Armour deck: 3.00" / 76 mm, Conning tower: 9.00" / 229 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 209,175 shp / 156,044 Kw = 33.00 kts
 Range 6,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 3,281 tons

Complement:
 1,406 - 1,828

Cost:
 £7.239 million / $28.954 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 2,312 tons, 5.8 %
 Armour: 9,673 tons, 24.4 %
    - Belts: 2,773 tons, 7.0 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 1,110 tons, 2.8 %
    - Armament: 2,459 tons, 6.2 %
    - Armour Deck: 3,106 tons, 7.8 %
    - Conning Tower: 226 tons, 0.6 %
 Machinery: 5,528 tons, 13.9 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 18,635 tons, 46.9 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,552 tons, 8.9 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   48,217 lbs / 21,871 Kg = 16.5 x 18.0 " / 457 mm shells or 6.4 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.07
 Metacentric height 6.2 ft / 1.9 m
 Roll period: 17.7 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 55 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.87
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.10

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.517
 Length to Beam Ratio: 7.50 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 28.06 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 56 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 5.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  33.00 ft / 10.06 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 29.00 ft / 8.84 m
    - Mid (67 %):  29.00 ft / 8.84 m (21.00 ft / 6.40 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
    - Stern:  21.00 ft / 6.40 m
    - Average freeboard: 26.68 ft / 8.13 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 109.6 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 203.1 %
 Waterplane Area: 55,962 Square feet or 5,199 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 101 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 227 lbs/sq ft or 1,106 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.94
  - Longitudinal: 1.82
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

My 1921 battlecruiser design from the Red Book

My 1921-style British battlecruiser from the Red Book sketch and specifications works pretty well. This is a 30-knot design with 9-16in and 20-5in guns. A feature of Springsharp is that hull weights are much greater than I had expected, when I did my designs in the 1970's. This is a much more conventional layout than the actual British 1921 ships, which had the really strange layouts. This is the Springsharp report:

GB/CB/1921, Great Britain Battlecruiser laid down 1921 (Engine 1927)

Displacement:
 45,030 t light; 47,014 t standard; 49,400 t normal; 51,309 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 856.73 ft / 855.00 ft x 105.00 ft x 33.30 ft (normal load)
 261.13 m / 260.60 m x 32.00 m  x 10.15 m

Armament:
      9 - 16.00" / 406 mm guns (3x3 guns), 2,048.00lbs / 928.96kg shells, 1921 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, majority forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
      20 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns (10x2 guns), 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1921 Model
   Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, all amidships, 4 raised mounts - superfiring
 Weight of broadside 19,682 lbs / 8,928 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 90

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 13.0" / 330 mm 590.00 ft / 179.83 m 9.00 ft / 2.74 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
 Upper: 10.0" / 254 mm 590.00 ft / 179.83 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
   Main Belt covers 106 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  3.00" / 76 mm 590.00 ft / 179.83 m 32.00 ft / 9.75 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 13.0" / 330 mm 10.0" / 254 mm  13.0" / 330 mm
 2nd: 5.00" / 127 mm 5.00" / 127 mm  5.00" / 127 mm

   - Armour deck: 5.00" / 127 mm, Conning tower: 13.00" / 330 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 161,662 shp / 120,600 Kw = 30.00 kts
 Range 6,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 4,294 tons

Complement:
 1,656 - 2,153

Cost:
 £11.091 million / $44.363 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 2,460 tons, 5.0 %
 Armour: 17,352 tons, 35.1 %
    - Belts: 4,897 tons, 9.9 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 2,096 tons, 4.2 %
    - Armament: 4,031 tons, 8.2 %
    - Armour Deck: 5,952 tons, 12.0 %
    - Conning Tower: 377 tons, 0.8 %
 Machinery: 5,103 tons, 10.3 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 20,114 tons, 40.7 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4,370 tons, 8.8 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   71,260 lbs / 32,323 Kg = 34.8 x 16.0 " / 406 mm shells or 11.0 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.05
 Metacentric height 5.9 ft / 1.8 m
 Roll period: 18.2 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 69 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.95
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.38

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has a flush deck
 Block coefficient: 0.578
 Length to Beam Ratio: 8.14 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 29.24 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 49 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 3.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  33.00 ft / 10.06 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 27.00 ft / 8.23 m
    - Mid (50 %):  27.00 ft / 8.23 m
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 27.00 ft / 8.23 m
    - Stern:  27.00 ft / 8.23 m
    - Average freeboard: 27.48 ft / 8.38 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 87.9 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 199.8 %
 Waterplane Area: 64,342 Square feet or 5,978 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 105 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 213 lbs/sq ft or 1,039 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.97
  - Longitudinal: 1.37
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

One of the alternative CM designs from 1915

This is another of the alternative fast minelayer designs from circa 1915 from the Red Book. I had optimistically hoped for 40 knots, but what I can get is 34 knots, which would have been fast for any real cruiser of the period. I was not willing to have a totally unarmoured cruiser minelayer, so instead, this is a cruiser with splinter protection, only (1in). The armament is 3-5in QF guns and 360 mines. The hull is flush decked with a high freeboard. This is the Springsharp report:

Ger/CM/1915 Alt, Germany Cruiser Minelayer laid down 1915 (Engine 1950)

Displacement:
 4,757 t light; 4,861 t standard; 5,200 t normal; 5,471 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 454.75 ft / 450.00 ft x 42.00 ft x 18.00 ft (normal load)
 138.61 m / 137.16 m x 12.80 m  x 5.49 m

Armament:
      3 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns in single mounts, 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1915 Model
   Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on centreline ends, majority forward, 1 raised mount
 Weight of broadside 188 lbs / 85 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 0

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 1.00" / 25 mm 300.00 ft / 91.44 m 9.00 ft / 2.74 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 103 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm  2.00" / 51 mm

   - Armour deck: 1.00" / 25 mm, Conning tower: 2.00" / 51 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 83,015 shp / 61,929 Kw = 34.00 kts
 Range 4,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 610 tons

Complement:
 306 - 398

Cost:
 £0.675 million / $2.701 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 23 tons, 0.5 %
 Armour: 390 tons, 7.5 %
    - Belts: 111 tons, 2.1 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
    - Armament: 25 tons, 0.5 %
    - Armour Deck: 241 tons, 4.6 %
    - Conning Tower: 13 tons, 0.2 %
 Machinery: 1,986 tons, 38.2 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,997 tons, 38.4 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 443 tons, 8.5 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 360 tons, 6.9 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   3,643 lbs / 1,652 Kg = 58.3 x 5.0 " / 127 mm shells or 0.7 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.09
 Metacentric height 1.6 ft / 0.5 m
 Roll period: 13.9 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 60 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.20
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.19

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has a flush deck
 Block coefficient: 0.535
 Length to Beam Ratio: 10.71 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 21.21 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 66 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 4.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 3.00 ft / 0.91 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 20.00 ft / 6.10 m
    - Mid (50 %):  20.00 ft / 6.10 m
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 20.00 ft / 6.10 m
    - Stern:  20.00 ft / 6.10 m
    - Average freeboard: 20.40 ft / 6.22 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 134.5 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 161.9 %
 Waterplane Area: 13,006 Square feet or 1,208 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 106 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 70 lbs/sq ft or 343 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.87
  - Longitudinal: 3.56
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

A fast German destroyer minelayer

I am experimenting with the fast minelayer sketch designs on this one page of the Red Book. In one respect, I am pleased that a 36-knot destroyer minelayer is possible, but I had wanted more speed than that. What I called the Ger/DM/1915 design is simply the most completely specified ship on the page. There was no armament specified, so I thought 3-5in QF guns appropriate for a very large destroyer. We know that 6in guns are too large for small ships, so 5in seemed like a reasonable alternative. This is the Springsharp report:

Ger/DM/1915, Germany Destroyer Minelayer laid down 1915 (Engine 1950)

Displacement:
 2,688 t light; 2,764 t standard; 3,000 t normal; 3,189 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 421.31 ft / 420.00 ft x 40.00 ft x 20.00 ft (normal load)
 128.42 m / 128.02 m x 12.19 m  x 6.10 m

Armament:
      3 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns in single mounts, 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1915 Model
   Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on centreline ends, majority forward, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
 Weight of broadside 188 lbs / 85 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 150

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 2 shafts, 68,746 shp / 51,284 Kw = 36.00 kts
 Range 4,200nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 425 tons

Complement:
 202 - 263

Cost:
 £0.471 million / $1.884 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 23 tons, 0.8 %
 Machinery: 1,500 tons, 50.0 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 865 tons, 28.8 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 312 tons, 10.4 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 300 tons, 10.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   748 lbs / 339 Kg = 12.0 x 5.0 " / 127 mm shells or 0.4 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.16
 Metacentric height 1.7 ft / 0.5 m
 Roll period: 13.0 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 81 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.31
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.62

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.313
 Length to Beam Ratio: 10.50 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 20.49 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 61 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 3.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 22.00 ft / 6.71 m
    - Mid (50 %):  22.00 ft / 6.71 m (15.00 ft / 4.57 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 15.00 ft / 4.57 m
    - Stern:  15.00 ft / 4.57 m
    - Average freeboard: 18.74 ft / 5.71 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 178.2 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 180.5 %
 Waterplane Area: 10,502 Square feet or 976 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 79 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 37 lbs/sq ft or 181 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.43
  - Longitudinal: 2.87
  - Overall: 0.52
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
 Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

I had some unrealistic ideas in 1971 and 1972

I had been interested in very fast destroyer and cruiser minelayers, back in the early 1970's. The problem is that I had a very little idea about what power was required and what strength and hull volume were required for such performance. The high end of the spectrum was a cruiser minelayer, 625ft long. There were two gun mounts forward and a large number of mines, aft. The hull was flush-decked and there were two wide funnels, with pole masts. There were very few characteristics specified, so I experimented, in Springsharp, with one possibility. The results were pretty disappointing. With the lightest weight machinery possible, I was only able to obtain 37 knots:

Ger/CM/1915, Germany Cruiser Minelayer laid down 1915 (Engine 1950)

Displacement:
 7,789 t light; 7,987 t standard; 8,450 t normal; 8,821 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 629.75 ft / 625.00 ft x 58.00 ft x 18.00 ft (normal load)
 191.95 m / 190.50 m x 17.68 m  x 5.49 m

Armament:
      4 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns (2x2 guns), 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1915 Model
   Breech loading guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on centreline, all forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
 Weight of broadside 432 lbs / 196 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 120

Armour:
   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm  2.00" / 51 mm

   - Armour deck: 1.00" / 25 mm, Conning tower: 1.00" / 25 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 129,717 shp / 96,769 Kw = 37.00 kts
 Range 4,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 834 tons

Complement:
 439 - 572

Cost:
 £1.094 million / $4.378 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 54 tons, 0.6 %
 Armour: 474 tons, 5.6 %
    - Belts: 0 tons, 0.0 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
    - Armament: 36 tons, 0.4 %
    - Armour Deck: 429 tons, 5.1 %
    - Conning Tower: 9 tons, 0.1 %
 Machinery: 3,103 tons, 36.7 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,677 tons, 43.5 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 661 tons, 7.8 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 480 tons, 5.7 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   7,343 lbs / 3,331 Kg = 68.0 x 6.0 " / 152 mm shells or 1.1 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.24
 Metacentric height 3.2 ft / 1.0 m
 Roll period: 13.5 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 57 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.14
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.13

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has a flush deck
 Block coefficient: 0.453
 Length to Beam Ratio: 10.78 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 25.00 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 59 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 4.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 3.00 ft / 0.91 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
    - Mid (50 %):  21.00 ft / 6.40 m
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
    - Stern:  21.00 ft / 6.40 m
    - Average freeboard: 21.32 ft / 6.50 m
 Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 130.1 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 211.2 %
 Waterplane Area: 23,185 Square feet or 2,154 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 111 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 93 lbs/sq ft or 456 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.95
  - Longitudinal: 1.59
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

A photo of a Super Lion, as recently presented from the Red Book

This is a photo of a Super Lion battlecruiser as presented in the Red Book design from the early 1970's. The photo is based on the proportions from the scale pencil sketch.

The reality is that these would most realisitically have been built, starting in 1914. They would have been built in at least two groups of four. Visually, the most visible characteristics are the odd funnel layout, with the second funnel being narrow and the first being wide, and the very high freeboard. The design could easily have been refined, over time. The 5in QF guns in this design were suggested prior to the war, and Admiral Fisher was greatly disappointed that development had never proceeded. That left the Renown, Repulse, Courageous, and Glorious with the totally inadequate 4in QF guns in awkward mounts. Admiral Fisher felt that the 6in QF guns smacked of the pre-Dreadnought ideas about a mixed armament. After the Queen Elizabeth and R-class, the only British capital ships with 6in guns were the Nelson and Rodney. After that, they carried smaller caliber secondary guns (4.5in to 5.25in). In the 1930's, the British considered developing a 5.1in gun (13cm), as did the Americans, but in the end, left that caliber to the French and Germans.

A shallow-draft, big battlecruiser: Ger/CB/1916

This is a Red Book design with no designation written on the page. There is not even a drawing, only specifications and weights. I have arbitrarily chosed a designation, using my usual system. This was intended to be a fast battlecruiser with a relatively shallow draft. The displacement has ballooned, and the speed is only 31 knots. The problem is that I was overly optimistic, in the early 1970's, about what speeds could be achieved for a given power. I as doing some calculations of things like speed-length ratios and SHP/ton, but I was not using good data. This ship has 6-18in guns, and I have assumed that they were in triple turrets, grouped forward. There are pencil sketches showing designs like that, either in the Blue Book, or later in the Red Book. This is the Springsharp report:

Ger/CB/1916, Germany Battlecruiser laid down 1916 (Engine 1931)

Displacement:
 38,101 t light; 39,875 t standard; 42,000 t normal; 43,700 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 877.24 ft / 875.00 ft x 105.00 ft x 27.00 ft (normal load)
 267.38 m / 266.70 m x 32.00 m  x 8.23 m

Armament:
      6 - 18.00" / 457 mm guns (2x3 guns), 2,916.00lbs / 1,322.68kg shells, 1916 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline, all forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
      16 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns in single mounts, 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1916 Model
   Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, all amidships, 4 raised mounts - superfiring
 Weight of broadside 18,496 lbs / 8,390 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 90

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 560.00 ft / 170.69 m 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 98 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  3.00" / 76 mm 560.00 ft / 170.69 m 26.00 ft / 7.92 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 6.00" / 152 mm  8.00" / 203 mm
 2nd: 3.00" / 76 mm 3.00" / 76 mm  3.00" / 76 mm

   - Armour deck: 3.00" / 76 mm, Conning tower: 8.00" / 203 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 167,518 shp / 124,968 Kw = 31.00 kts
 Range 6,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 3,824 tons

Complement:
 1,466 - 1,906

Cost:
 £6.508 million / $26.031 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 2,312 tons, 5.5 %
 Armour: 10,803 tons, 25.7 %
    - Belts: 3,248 tons, 7.7 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 1,616 tons, 3.8 %
    - Armament: 2,027 tons, 4.8 %
    - Armour Deck: 3,704 tons, 8.8 %
    - Conning Tower: 208 tons, 0.5 %
 Machinery: 5,009 tons, 11.9 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 19,976 tons, 47.6 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,899 tons, 9.3 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   61,393 lbs / 27,847 Kg = 21.1 x 18.0 " / 457 mm shells or 8.8 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.16
 Metacentric height 7.1 ft / 2.2 m
 Roll period: 16.5 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 64 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.81
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.24

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.593
 Length to Beam Ratio: 8.33 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 29.58 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 49 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 52
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 4.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  32.00 ft / 9.75 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 28.00 ft / 8.53 m
    - Mid (67 %):  28.00 ft / 8.53 m (20.00 ft / 6.10 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 20.00 ft / 6.10 m
    - Stern:  20.00 ft / 6.10 m
    - Average freeboard: 25.68 ft / 7.83 m
 Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 98.9 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 223.6 %
 Waterplane Area: 66,732 Square feet or 6,200 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 107 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 217 lbs/sq ft or 1,059 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.99
  - Longitudinal: 1.23
  - Overall: 1.01
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

From the Red Book, the Ger/CB/1915 design

There are many Ger/CB/1915 designs in the Red Book, but this is the first one, and is rather unique. There is a scale drawing and pretty complete specifications, although only a weight, for protection. This was intended to be a 37,500 ton ship with 6-16in BLR and 12-6in QF guns. The over-optimistic speed was 36 knots. I was able to keep the ship in line with the dimensions and displacement, while achieving a decent protection and speed. The actual speed is 33 knots, with a 5,600nm range at 15 knots. This is a ship focused on North Sea fighting, so a great range is unnecessary. The armour basis is 11in, so the ship is well-protected. The original concept had 40 SHP/ton machinery. This only has 31.68 SHP/ton machinery. The drawing shows a ship with a long forecastle and three twin turrets, with two forward. There are three rather small stacks. The bridge and foremast are closely integrated and are substantial. The mainmast has a derrick, and has tripod legs. This is the Springsharp report:

Ger/CB/1915, Germany Battlecruiser laid down 1915 (Engine 1927)

Displacement:
 35,456 t light; 36,920 t standard; 38,700 t normal; 40,124 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 787.50 ft / 787.50 ft x 98.00 ft x 31.00 ft (normal load)
 240.03 m / 240.03 m x 29.87 m  x 9.45 m

Armament:
     6 - 16.00" / 406 mm guns (3x2 guns), 2,048.00lbs / 928.96kg shells, 1915 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, majority forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
     12 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1915 Model
   Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on centreline, all amidships, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
 Weight of broadside 13,584 lbs / 6,162 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 90

Armour:
  - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 11.0" / 279 mm 455.00 ft / 138.68 m 9.00 ft / 2.74 m
 Ends: 5.00" / 127 mm 260.00 ft / 79.25 m 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
   72.50 ft / 22.10 m Unarmoured ends
 Upper: 8.00" / 203 mm 455.00 ft / 138.68 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
   Main Belt covers 89 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

  - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  3.00" / 76 mm 455.00 ft / 138.68 m 30.00 ft / 9.14 m

  - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 11.0" / 279 mm 8.00" / 203 mm  11.0" / 279 mm
 2nd: 3.00" / 76 mm 3.00" / 76 mm  3.00" / 76 mm

  - Armour deck: 3.00" / 76 mm, Conning tower: 11.00" / 279 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 208,649 shp / 155,652 Kw = 33.00 kts
 Range 5,600nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 3,204 tons

Complement:
 1,379 - 1,793

Cost:
 £5.221 million / $20.883 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 1,698 tons, 4.4 %
 Armour: 11,473 tons, 29.6 %
    - Belts: 4,051 tons, 10.5 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 1,515 tons, 3.9 %
    - Armament: 2,601 tons, 6.7 %
    - Armour Deck: 3,035 tons, 7.8 %
    - Conning Tower: 271 tons, 0.7 %
 Machinery: 6,586 tons, 17.0 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 15,699 tons, 40.6 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,244 tons, 8.4 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   47,584 lbs / 21,584 Kg = 23.2 x 16.0 " / 406 mm shells or 6.3 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.09
 Metacentric height 5.7 ft / 1.7 m
 Roll period: 17.3 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 53 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.74
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.02

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.566
 Length to Beam Ratio: 8.04 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 28.06 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 56 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 52
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -2.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  33.00 ft / 10.06 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 29.00 ft / 8.84 m
    - Mid (67 %):  29.00 ft / 8.84 m (21.00 ft / 6.40 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
    - Stern:  21.00 ft / 6.40 m
    - Average freeboard: 26.68 ft / 8.13 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 110.8 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 202.3 %
 Waterplane Area: 54,683 Square feet or 5,080 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 101 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 193 lbs/sq ft or 944 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.97
  - Longitudinal: 1.36
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

A Super Lion design from the Red book

The Red book has a Super Lion design with 10-15in BLR and 16-5in QF guns. The paper design was extremely over-optimistic about displacement and speed. By going very large, the design worked out very well. I say "going very large" in the sense of bloating the displacement. I scaled back the speed to 30 knots, which was Admiral Fisher's desired speed, anyway. I find the resulting ship very satisfactory, despite the rather thin side armour:

Super Lion, Great Britain Battlecruiser laid down 1912 (Engine 1916)

Displacement:
 34,200 t light; 35,780 t standard; 38,300 t normal; 40,316 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 800.00 ft / 800.00 ft x 97.00 ft x 27.00 ft (normal load)
 243.84 m / 243.84 m x 29.57 m  x 8.23 m

Armament:
      8 - 15.00" / 381 mm guns (4x2 guns), 1,687.50lbs / 765.44kg shells, 1912 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
   Main guns limited to end-on fire
      2 - 15.00" / 381 mm guns (1x2 guns), 1,687.50lbs / 765.44kg shells, 1912 Model
   Breech loading guns in a turret (on a barbette)
   on centreline amidships
      16 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns in single mounts, 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1912 Model
   Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, evenly spread, 8 raised mounts
 Weight of broadside 17,875 lbs / 8,108 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 80

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 6.00" / 152 mm 500.00 ft / 152.40 m 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
 Ends: 5.00" / 127 mm 190.00 ft / 57.91 m 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
   110.00 ft / 33.53 m Unarmoured ends
   Main Belt covers 96 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  1.00" / 25 mm 500.00 ft / 152.40 m 26.00 ft / 7.92 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 9.00" / 229 mm 5.00" / 127 mm  7.00" / 178 mm
 2nd: 9.00" / 229 mm 5.00" / 127 mm  7.00" / 178 mm
 3rd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm  2.00" / 51 mm

   - Armour deck: 3.00" / 76 mm, Conning tower: 9.00" / 229 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Direct drive, 4 shafts, 145,804 shp / 108,770 Kw = 30.00 kts
 Range 6,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 4,537 tons

Complement:
 1,368 - 1,779

Cost:
 £3.834 million / $15.338 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 2,234 tons, 5.8 %
 Armour: 9,291 tons, 24.3 %
    - Belts: 2,789 tons, 7.3 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 481 tons, 1.3 %
    - Armament: 2,532 tons, 6.6 %
    - Armour Deck: 3,268 tons, 8.5 %
    - Conning Tower: 220 tons, 0.6 %
 Machinery: 5,432 tons, 14.2 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 17,243 tons, 45.0 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4,100 tons, 10.7 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   48,957 lbs / 22,206 Kg = 29.0 x 15.0 " / 381 mm shells or 5.5 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.10
 Metacentric height 5.8 ft / 1.8 m
 Roll period: 17.0 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 58 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 1.06
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.17

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.640
 Length to Beam Ratio: 8.25 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 28.28 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 51 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -2.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  33.00 ft / 10.06 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 29.00 ft / 8.84 m
    - Mid (67 %):  29.00 ft / 8.84 m (21.00 ft / 6.40 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
    - Stern:  21.00 ft / 6.40 m
    - Average freeboard: 26.68 ft / 8.13 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 112.6 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 219.6 %
 Waterplane Area: 58,891 Square feet or 5,471 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 101 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 206 lbs/sq ft or 1,003 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.98
  - Longitudinal: 1.23
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

From a sketch for a GB/CB/1915 design

This is from a pencil sketch with weights for a GB/CB/1915 design. The advantage of using it is that there are armour lengths explicitly specified. One thing that is immediately obvious is that the hull weight I had originally hoped for was too low, by a great deal. This was intended to have about a 26ft draft and be 35,000 tons, standard. The actual Springsharp report turned out differently:

GB/CB/1915 variant, Great Britain Battlecruiser laid down 1915 (Engine 1921)

Displacement:
 37,387 t light; 38,881 t standard; 41,200 t normal; 43,056 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 851.73 ft / 850.00 ft x 105.00 ft x 26.00 ft (normal load)
 259.61 m / 259.08 m x 32.00 m  x 7.92 m

Armament:
      8 - 15.00" / 381 mm guns (4x2 guns), 1,687.50lbs / 765.44kg shells, 1915 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
      16 - 5.50" / 140 mm guns in single mounts, 83.19lbs / 37.73kg shells, 1915 Model
   Breech loading guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, all amidships, 4 raised mounts - superfiring
 Weight of broadside 14,831 lbs / 6,727 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 80

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 535.00 ft / 163.07 m 9.00 ft / 2.74 m
 Ends: 4.00" / 102 mm 225.00 ft / 68.58 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
   90.00 ft / 27.43 m Unarmoured ends
 Upper: 5.00" / 127 mm 535.00 ft / 163.07 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
   Main Belt covers 97 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  2.00" / 51 mm 535.00 ft / 163.07 m 26.00 ft / 7.92 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 6.00" / 152 mm  8.00" / 203 mm
 2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm  2.00" / 51 mm

   - Armour deck: 2.50" / 64 mm, Conning tower: 8.00" / 203 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 218,200 shp / 162,777 Kw = 33.00 kts
 Range 6,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 4,175 tons

Complement:
 1,445 - 1,879

Cost:
 £5.698 million / $22.794 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 1,854 tons, 4.5 %
 Armour: 9,856 tons, 23.9 %
    - Belts: 3,104 tons, 7.5 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 1,029 tons, 2.5 %
    - Armament: 2,437 tons, 5.9 %
    - Armour Deck: 3,080 tons, 7.5 %
    - Conning Tower: 206 tons, 0.5 %
 Machinery: 7,514 tons, 18.2 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 18,163 tons, 44.1 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,813 tons, 9.3 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   55,959 lbs / 25,382 Kg = 33.2 x 15.0 " / 381 mm shells or 6.8 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.18
 Metacentric height 7.3 ft / 2.2 m
 Roll period: 16.3 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 52 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.66
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.05

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.621
 Length to Beam Ratio: 8.10 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 29.15 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 54 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 3.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  33.00 ft / 10.06 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 31.00 ft / 9.45 m
    - Mid (67 %):  31.00 ft / 9.45 m (23.00 ft / 7.01 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 23.00 ft / 7.01 m
    - Stern:  23.00 ft / 7.01 m
    - Average freeboard: 28.52 ft / 8.69 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 114.5 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 252.7 %
 Waterplane Area: 66,591 Square feet or 6,187 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 104 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 196 lbs/sq ft or 955 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.98
  - Longitudinal: 1.15
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

The Ger/CS/1905 Mod.A

From the Red book, the next page is the Ger/CS/1905 Mod.A sketch design. This was a remodelled Ger/CS/1905 scout cruiser with 3-6in QF guns and 4-21in TT. By using lightweight machinery, the ship can keep within the dimensions and displacement and still achieve 34 knots. The basic concept was trying to follow the much later Super Swift design parameters. This is the Springsharp report:

Ger/CS/1905 Mod.A, Enter country Enter ship type laid down 1905 (Engine 1941)

Displacement:
 2,446 t light; 2,522 t standard; 2,730 t normal; 2,896 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 371.36 ft / 370.00 ft x 38.00 ft x 13.00 ft (normal load)
 113.19 m / 112.78 m x 11.58 m  x 3.96 m

Armament:
      3 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1905 Model
   Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on centreline ends, majority forward
 Weight of broadside 324 lbs / 147 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 120
 4 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 2.00" / 51 mm 255.00 ft / 77.72 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
 Upper: 2.00" / 51 mm 150.00 ft / 45.72 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
   Main Belt covers 106 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm  2.00" / 51 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Direct drive, 2 shafts, 62,646 shp / 46,734 Kw = 34.00 kts
 Range 3,750nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 375 tons

Complement:
 188 - 245

Cost:
 £0.316 million / $1.263 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 41 tons, 1.5 %
 Armour: 310 tons, 11.3 %
    - Belts: 278 tons, 10.2 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
    - Armament: 32 tons, 1.2 %
    - Armour Deck: 0 tons, 0.0 %
    - Conning Tower: 0 tons, 0.0 %
 Machinery: 1,401 tons, 51.3 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 695 tons, 25.5 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 284 tons, 10.4 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   719 lbs / 326 Kg = 6.7 x 6.0 " / 152 mm shells or 0.3 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.35
 Metacentric height 2.0 ft / 0.6 m
 Roll period: 11.3 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 54 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.36
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.08

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.523
 Length to Beam Ratio: 9.74 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 19.24 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 71 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 3.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  26.00 ft / 7.92 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
    - Mid (36 %):  24.00 ft / 7.32 m (16.00 ft / 4.88 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
    - Stern:  16.00 ft / 4.88 m
    - Average freeboard: 19.04 ft / 5.80 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 176.8 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 140.0 %
 Waterplane Area: 9,566 Square feet or 889 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 69 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 34 lbs/sq ft or 164 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.42
  - Longitudinal: 2.50
  - Overall: 0.51
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent