Prince Consort, anachronistic version, Great Britain Armoured Cruiser laid down 1906
Displacement:
5,746 t light; 6,070 t standard; 6,830 t normal; 7,438 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
285.10 ft / 282.00 ft x 57.00 ft x 25.00 ft (normal load)
86.90 m / 85.95 m x 17.37 m x 7.62 m
Armament:
7 - 7.60" / 193 mm guns (3 mounts), 219.49lbs / 99.56kg shells, 1906 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, majority forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
8 - 6.50" / 165 mm guns in single mounts, 137.31lbs / 62.28kg shells, 1906 Model
Breech loading guns in casemate mounts
on side, evenly spread
8 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
Weight of broadside 2,635 lbs / 1,195 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 120
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 4.50" / 114 mm 190.00 ft / 57.91 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
Ends: 3.00" / 76 mm 92.00 ft / 28.04 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
Main Belt covers 104 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
1.00" / 25 mm 190.00 ft / 57.91 m 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 4.50" / 114 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 4.50" / 114 mm
2nd: 3.00" / 76 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 3.00" / 76 mm
- Armour deck: 1.00" / 25 mm, Conning tower: 4.50" / 114 mm
Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 12,695 ihp / 9,470 Kw = 19.00 kts
Range 4,900nm at 12.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,368 tons (100% coal)
Complement:
375 - 488
Cost:
£0.732 million / $2.927 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 329 tons, 4.8 %
Armour: 1,642 tons, 24.0 %
- Belts: 773 tons, 11.3 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 176 tons, 2.6 %
- Armament: 441 tons, 6.5 %
- Armour Deck: 216 tons, 3.2 %
- Conning Tower: 35 tons, 0.5 %
Machinery: 1,814 tons, 26.6 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,962 tons, 28.7 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,084 tons, 15.9 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
4,552 lbs / 2,065 Kg = 20.7 x 7.6 " / 193 mm shells or 1.0 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.20
Metacentric height 3.0 ft / 0.9 m
Roll period: 13.8 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 57 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.61
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.14
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.595
Length to Beam Ratio: 4.95 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 16.79 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 62 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 3.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 2.00 ft / 0.61 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Mid (50 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Stern: 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Average freeboard: 17.32 ft / 5.28 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 188.9 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 101.0 %
Waterplane Area: 11,700 Square feet or 1,087 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 86 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 102 lbs/sq ft or 499 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.86
- Longitudinal: 3.98
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Saturday, February 03, 2007
An anachronistic version of the Prince Consort completed in 1864
This is the anachronistic version of the ironclad battleship Prince Consort. This is based on the ship as rearmed in 1871 with 7-9in MLR and 8-8in MLR. My version has 7-7.6in and 8-6.5in BLR. This ship only has a 16ft high belt, due to the desire to have an earlier machinery date (1906). This is the Springsharp report:
Friday, February 02, 2007
An anachronistic version of the Royal Oak of 1862
The Royal Oak, launched in 1862, seems like something of a challenge. This was a converted screw line of battleship. I will see if dimensions of 273ft x 58ft x 24ft will work. The armament in 1867 was 4-8in MLR and 20-7in MLR. The battery was 4.5in and the belt, amidships was 4in. The ends were 3in. I will add deck and torpedo bulkhead. In an anachronistic design, the turrets should be 4.5in. I might try the casemates as 4in. We will see what sort of speed is possible. The anachronistic armament will be 4-6.5in/45 and 20-5.5in/50 guns. I would have two twin 6.5in turrets and 2 twin 5.5in turrets in a superfiring position. The remaing 16-5.5in would be in casemates. This is the Springsharp report for the design:
Royal Oak, anachronistic version, Great Britain Armoured Cruiser laid down 1908
Displacement:
5,311 t light; 5,648 t standard; 6,366 t normal; 6,941 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
285.10 ft / 282.00 ft x 58.00 ft x 24.00 ft (normal load)
86.90 m / 85.95 m x 17.68 m x 7.32 m
Armament:
4 - 6.50" / 165 mm guns (2x2 guns), 137.31lbs / 62.28kg shells, 1908 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread
4 - 5.50" / 140 mm guns (2x2 guns), 83.19lbs / 37.73kg shells, 1908 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread, all raised mounts
16 - 5.50" / 140 mm guns in single mounts, 83.19lbs / 37.73kg shells, 1908 Model
Breech loading guns in casemate mounts
on side, evenly spread
16 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
Weight of broadside 2,213 lbs / 1,004 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 150
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 200.00 ft / 60.96 m 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
Ends: 2.50" / 64 mm 82.00 ft / 24.99 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
Main Belt covers 109 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
1.00" / 25 mm 200.00 ft / 60.96 m 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 4.50" / 114 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 4.50" / 114 mm
2nd: 4.50" / 114 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 4.50" / 114 mm
3rd: 3.00" / 76 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 3.00" / 76 mm
- Armour deck: 1.00" / 25 mm, Conning tower: 4.50" / 114 mm
Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 14,914 ihp / 11,126 Kw = 20.00 kts
Range 5,000nm at 12.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,293 tons (100% coal)
Complement:
356 - 463
Cost:
£0.608 million / $2.432 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 277 tons, 4.3 %
Armour: 1,852 tons, 29.1 %
- Belts: 963 tons, 15.1 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 178 tons, 2.8 %
- Armament: 463 tons, 7.3 %
- Armour Deck: 215 tons, 3.4 %
- Conning Tower: 33 tons, 0.5 %
Machinery: 1,356 tons, 21.3 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,826 tons, 28.7 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,055 tons, 16.6 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
6,013 lbs / 2,727 Kg = 43.8 x 6.5 " / 165 mm shells or 1.3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.14
Metacentric height 2.8 ft / 0.9 m
Roll period: 14.4 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 67 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.51
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.09
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.568
Length to Beam Ratio: 4.86 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 16.79 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 64 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 61
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 3.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 2.00 ft / 0.61 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Mid (50 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Stern: 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Average freeboard: 17.32 ft / 5.28 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 157.5 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 105.6 %
Waterplane Area: 11,605 Square feet or 1,078 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 94 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 97 lbs/sq ft or 474 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.85
- Longitudinal: 4.12
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Thursday, February 01, 2007
An anachronistic Hector, after the 1862 ironclad battleship
The next ship I will try as an anachronistic Springsharp design is the Hector, from 1862. the Defence, built in 1861. My Hector design has dimensions of 298ft x 56ft x 25ft and had a displacement of 6,710 tons. The armament in 1867 was 2-8in MLR and 16-7in MLR. An anchronistic armament for the Hector would consist of 2-6.5in/45, 16-5.5in/50 guns. The armour basis would be 4.5in, with the ends armoured a with 2.5in belt. I will extend that will deck, torpedo bulkhead and turret and casemate armour. In this case, the 6.5in guns will be in a single twin turret mounted forward. Another 6 5.5in guns would be in twin turrets, also mounted on the center line. the remaining 10-5.5in guns would be in casemates, at the level below the upper deck. The Springsharp design required some changes. I had to increase the dates by one year. I adjusted the speed and range to get a combination of adequate strength and seakeeping. This is the Springsharp report:
Hector, anachronistic version, Great Britain Armoured Cruiser laid down 1908
Displacement:
5,703 t light; 5,991 t standard; 6,710 t normal; 7,285 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
301.10 ft / 298.00 ft x 56.00 ft x 25.00 ft (normal load)
91.78 m / 90.83 m x 17.07 m x 7.62 m
Armament:
2 - 6.50" / 165 mm guns (1x2 guns), 137.31lbs / 62.28kg shells, 1908 Model
Breech loading guns in a turret (on a barbette)
on centreline forward
6 - 5.50" / 140 mm guns (3x2 guns), 83.19lbs / 37.73kg shells, 1908 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, majority aft, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
10 - 5.50" / 140 mm guns in single mounts, 83.19lbs / 37.73kg shells, 1908 Model
Breech loading guns in casemate mounts
on side, evenly spread
10 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
Weight of broadside 1,606 lbs / 728 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 150
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 4.50" / 114 mm 235.00 ft / 71.63 m 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
Ends: 2.50" / 64 mm 63.00 ft / 19.20 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
Main Belt covers 121 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
1.00" / 25 mm 235.00 ft / 71.63 m 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 4.50" / 114 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 4.50" / 114 mm
2nd: 4.50" / 114 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 4.50" / 114 mm
3rd: 3.00" / 76 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 3.00" / 76 mm
- Armour deck: 1.00" / 25 mm, Conning tower: 4.50" / 114 mm
Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 18,078 ihp / 13,487 Kw = 21.00 kts
Range 4,900nm at 12.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,295 tons (100% coal)
Complement:
369 - 481
Cost:
£0.598 million / $2.393 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 201 tons, 3.0 %
Armour: 2,025 tons, 30.2 %
- Belts: 1,166 tons, 17.4 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 217 tons, 3.2 %
- Armament: 390 tons, 5.8 %
- Armour Deck: 218 tons, 3.3 %
- Conning Tower: 34 tons, 0.5 %
Machinery: 1,643 tons, 24.5 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,833 tons, 27.3 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,007 tons, 15.0 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
6,171 lbs / 2,799 Kg = 44.9 x 6.5 " / 165 mm shells or 1.3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.11
Metacentric height 2.6 ft / 0.8 m
Roll period: 14.7 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 65 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.45
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.07
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.563
Length to Beam Ratio: 5.32 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 17.26 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 63 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 61
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 3.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 2.00 ft / 0.61 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Mid (50 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Stern: 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Average freeboard: 17.32 ft / 5.28 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 160.4 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 103.4 %
Waterplane Area: 11,788 Square feet or 1,095 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 97 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 93 lbs/sq ft or 454 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.87
- Longitudinal: 3.78
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Wednesday, January 31, 2007
An anachronistic Defence, after the 1861 ironclad battleship
Wikipedia has a good site about old British ironclad battleships. I looked there to get information about the Defence, built in 1861. I was interested to see that the Defence was not finally broken up until after 1940. These old iron hulls lasted a long time. The ships served as hulks for many decades. The Defence had dimensions of 302ft x 54ft x 25ft and had a displacement of 6,150 tons. The armament, as built was 8-110pdr Armstrong BLR, 10-68pdr MLSB, and 4-5in BLR (the 40pdr). An anchronistic armament for the Defence would consist of 8-5in/51, 10-5.5in/50, and 4-4in/40 guns. I created a Springsharp design using much of the same parameters as the Warrior design, except that the ship has less capability, which is a good description of the Defence and Resistance, compared to the Warrior and Black Prince. The design is very reasonable and is capable, even if just as a "convoy cruiser". This is the Springsharp report:
Defence, anachronistic version, Great Britain Armoured Cruiser laid down 1907
Displacement:
5,255 t light; 5,516 t standard; 6,150 t normal; 6,657 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
305.10 ft / 302.00 ft x 54.00 ft x 25.00 ft (normal load)
92.99 m / 92.05 m x 16.46 m x 7.62 m
Armament:
8 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns (4x2 guns), 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1907 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
10 - 5.50" / 140 mm guns in single mounts, 85.00lbs / 38.56kg shells, 1907 Model
Breech loading guns in casemate mounts
on side, evenly spread
10 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
4 - 4.00" / 102 mm guns in single mounts, 32.00lbs / 14.51kg shells, 1907 Model
Breech loading guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, all amidships
Weight of broadside 1,478 lbs / 670 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 150
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 4.50" / 114 mm 235.00 ft / 71.63 m 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 120 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
1.00" / 25 mm 235.00 ft / 71.63 m 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 4.50" / 114 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 4.50" / 114 mm
2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm
3rd: 1.00" / 25 mm 1.00" / 25 mm 1.00" / 25 mm
- Armour deck: 1.00" / 25 mm, Conning tower: 4.50" / 114 mm
Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 13,567 ihp / 10,121 Kw = 20.00 kts
Range 4,500nm at 12.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,140 tons (100% coal)
Complement:
346 - 451
Cost:
£0.548 million / $2.193 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 182 tons, 3.0 %
Armour: 1,859 tons, 30.2 %
- Belts: 1,069 tons, 17.4 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 226 tons, 3.7 %
- Armament: 326 tons, 5.3 %
- Armour Deck: 206 tons, 3.4 %
- Conning Tower: 33 tons, 0.5 %
Machinery: 1,507 tons, 24.5 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,706 tons, 27.7 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 895 tons, 14.6 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
5,717 lbs / 2,593 Kg = 91.5 x 5.0 " / 127 mm shells or 1.2 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.10
Metacentric height 2.4 ft / 0.7 m
Roll period: 14.7 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 85 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.57
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.39
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.528
Length to Beam Ratio: 5.59 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 17.38 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 59 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 61
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 3.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 2.00 ft / 0.61 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Mid (50 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Stern: 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
- Average freeboard: 17.32 ft / 5.28 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 163.5 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 104.3 %
Waterplane Area: 11,149 Square feet or 1,036 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 97 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 89 lbs/sq ft or 433 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.87
- Longitudinal: 3.85
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
Tuesday, January 30, 2007
Alternate armament for the anachronistic Warrior
Eventually, the Warrior was armed with 4-8in MLR, 28-7in MLR, and 4-20pdr BLR. These would translate, using my system for choosing more modern guns, to 4-6.5in/45, 28-5.5in/50, and 4-57mm (6pdr) QF guns. I just made a Springsharp design for the Warrior with this armament. I tweaked some things and decided that the ship needed a torpedo bulkhead. The cruising speed needed to be reduced, to allow for the new armament and torpedo bulkhead. This is the Springsharp report:
Warrior, anachronistic version, Great Britain Armoured Cruiser laid down 1907
Displacement:
7,949 t light; 8,360 t standard; 9,210 t normal; 9,890 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
401.15 ft / 398.00 ft x 58.25 ft x 26.00 ft (normal load)
122.27 m / 121.31 m x 17.75 m x 7.92 m
Armament:
4 - 6.50" / 165 mm guns (2x2 guns), 140.00lbs / 63.50kg shells, 1907 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread
28 - 5.50" / 140 mm guns in single mounts, 85.00lbs / 38.56kg shells, 1907 Model
Breech loading guns in casemate mounts
on side, evenly spread
16 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
4 - 2.24" / 57.0 mm guns in single mounts, 6.00lbs / 2.72kg shells, 1907 Model
Breech loading guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
Weight of broadside 2,964 lbs / 1,344 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 120
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 4.50" / 114 mm 235.00 ft / 71.63 m 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 91 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
1.00" / 25 mm 235.00 ft / 71.63 m 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 4.50" / 114 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 4.50" / 114 mm
2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm
3rd: 1.00" / 25 mm 1.00" / 25 mm 1.00" / 25 mm
- Armour deck: 1.00" / 25 mm, Conning tower: 4.50" / 114 mm
Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 26,614 ihp / 19,854 Kw = 23.00 kts
Range 4,800nm at 12.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,530 tons (100% coal)
Complement:
469 - 611
Cost:
£0.997 million / $3.987 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 363 tons, 3.9 %
Armour: 2,039 tons, 22.1 %
- Belts: 1,121 tons, 12.2 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 226 tons, 2.5 %
- Armament: 354 tons, 3.8 %
- Armour Deck: 295 tons, 3.2 %
- Conning Tower: 43 tons, 0.5 %
Machinery: 2,957 tons, 32.1 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 2,590 tons, 28.1 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,261 tons, 13.7 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
5,587 lbs / 2,534 Kg = 40.7 x 6.5 " / 165 mm shells or 1.0 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.33
Metacentric height 3.7 ft / 1.1 m
Roll period: 12.7 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 89 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.50
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.45
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.535
Length to Beam Ratio: 6.83 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 19.95 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 56 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 61
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 3.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 2.00 ft / 0.61 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 22.00 ft / 6.71 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
- Mid (50 %): 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
- Stern: 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
- Average freeboard: 18.32 ft / 5.58 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 204.1 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 116.6 %
Waterplane Area: 15,951 Square feet or 1,482 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 85 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 96 lbs/sq ft or 468 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.90
- Longitudinal: 2.76
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is extremely poor
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
Monday, January 29, 2007
A nice converter for British weights
I found a nice converter for British weights. I used it to convert tons, cwt, and qtrs to fractional tons.
My anachronistic Warrior design
I thought that I would try the original Warrior design, as an anachronistic Springsharp design. I tried out the new gun concept, as well. I assumed a more modern stern design, so the length on the waterline is greater than the original Warrior. The Warrior was completed with the following guns: 26-68pdr, 10-110pdr Armstrong BLR, and 4-70pdr Armstrong BLR. I did not have good figures on the 70pdr gun, so I used a 4in QF gun in place of it. For the other guns, I have 4-5in BLR in place of the 110pdrs. I have 26-5.5in BLR in place of the 68pdr SB guns. In place of the 70pdr, I have what would be shorter 5in guns. This is the Springsharp report:
Warrior, anachronistic version, Great Britain Armoured Cruiser laid down 1907
Displacement:
7,735 t light; 8,150 t standard; 9,210 t normal; 10,058 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
401.15 ft / 398.00 ft x 58.25 ft x 26.00 ft (normal load)
122.27 m / 121.31 m x 17.75 m x 7.92 m
Armament:
4 - 6.50" / 165 mm guns (2x2 guns), 137.31lbs / 62.28kg shells, 1907 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread
28 - 5.50" / 140 mm guns in single mounts, 83.19lbs / 37.73kg shells, 1907 Model
Breech loading guns in casemate mounts
on side, evenly spread
16 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
4 - 4.00" / 102 mm guns in single mounts, 32.00lbs / 14.51kg shells, 1907 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, all amidships
Weight of broadside 3,007 lbs / 1,364 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 120
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 4.50" / 114 mm 235.00 ft / 71.63 m 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 91 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 4.50" / 114 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 4.50" / 114 mm
2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm
3rd: 1.00" / 25 mm 1.00" / 25 mm 1.00" / 25 mm
- Armour deck: 1.00" / 25 mm, Conning tower: 4.50" / 114 mm
Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 26,614 ihp / 19,854 Kw = 23.00 kts
Range 5,000nm at 13.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,907 tons (100% coal)
Complement:
469 - 611
Cost:
£1.000 million / $4.002 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 376 tons, 4.1 %
Armour: 1,819 tons, 19.8 %
- Belts: 1,121 tons, 12.2 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 360 tons, 3.9 %
- Armour Deck: 295 tons, 3.2 %
- Conning Tower: 43 tons, 0.5 %
Machinery: 2,957 tons, 32.1 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 2,583 tons, 28.1 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,475 tons, 16.0 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
5,696 lbs / 2,584 Kg = 41.5 x 6.5 " / 165 mm shells or 0.9 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.43
Metacentric height 4.1 ft / 1.3 m
Roll period: 12.1 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 73 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.42
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.46
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.535
Length to Beam Ratio: 6.83 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 19.95 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 56 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 3.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 2.00 ft / 0.61 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 22.00 ft / 6.71 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
- Mid (50 %): 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
- Stern: 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
- Average freeboard: 18.32 ft / 5.58 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 135.0 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 116.6 %
Waterplane Area: 15,951 Square feet or 1,482 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 86 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 96 lbs/sq ft or 467 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.89
- Longitudinal: 2.81
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
Guns for anachronistic ships
I want to try taking the weights of old pieces and substituting more modern guns of the same weight. Here is a proposal:
Old gun Wt New gun Wt 110pdr Armstrong BL 4 tons 5in/51 4 tons 40pdr Armstrong BL 1.5 tons 4in/40 1.5 tons 20pdr Armstrong BL 0.5 tons 57mm 0.5 tons 9in SB Somerset 6.25 tons 5.5in/50 6.5 tons 10.5in Woolwich 12 tons 7.6in/40 12.5 tons 13in Armstrong 22.5 tons 9.4in/40 22.75 tons 1864 6.3in 64cwt 3.2 tons 5in/40 3.1 tons 1864 6.6in 71cwt 3.55 tons 4.7in/50 3.7 tons 1865 7in 6.5 tons 5.5in/50 6.5 tons 1866 8in 9 tons 6.5in/45 9.0 tons 1865 9in 12 tons 7.6in/40 12.5 tons 1868 10in 18 tons 8in/40 18.1 tons 1867 11in 25 tons 9.4in/50 24 tons 1870 12in 25 tons 9.2in/40 24.338 tons 1871 12in 35 tons 10in/40 34.6 tons 1875 12.5in 38 tons 10.8in/45 35.5 tons 1878 16in 80 tons 13.5in/45 80 tons
One of my favorite books: Dr. Oscar Parkes' book British Battleships
I am a fan of Fred Jane and his early books, such as the All the World's Fighting Ships from the early years (although not the 1898 volume). Dr. Oscar Parkes' book, British Battleships is one of my favorite books, as I see that he followed closely in Jane's tradition. Dr. Parkes, like Fred Jane, was a good artist and his pen and ink drawings in British Battleships are a pleasure to behold. While British Battleships needs to be supplemented with more modern works, such as David Brown's Warrior to Dreadnought: Warship Development, 1860-1905, Dr. Parkes' book has a wealth of little-known "trivia" from the 1860's on to the early 1900's. Dr. Parkes also has a very nice painting of the G3 battlecruiser design, seemingly the final version, that answers some questions that I could not resolve from David Brown's reproduction of the plan view. I have had my copy of both books out in the last two weeks, collecting grist for Springsharp designs.
Sunday, January 28, 2007
A bit off-topic: EA-3Bs in the Mediterranean Sea
I had my attention drawn back to my experience from 30 years ago. I made the last Med cruise of the USS Franklin D Roosevelt (CV-42). We operated strictly in the Western Mediterranean, as we were not very well equipped. We only had F-4 Phantoms, while the Forrestal class ships and better had F-14 Tomcats. I was an ensign, assigned to the CIC, which meant that I stood bridge and CIC Surface Watch Officer watches on the flag bridge. Being JOOW and JOOD on the bridge allowed me to get a good view, during daylight, of flight ops. Several times, we took on board an EA-3B on board. They were huge and were called "Whales". Their code name was "Ranger". Twenty years ago, about, Ranger 12, and EA-3B had a mishap on the USS Nimitz in the Ionian Sea, went over the side, broke up. The entire aircrew was lost. The Nimitz (CVN-68) page has the story, although you have to do a lot of scrolling. When we had an EA-3B on board, it took up a tremendous amount of real estate on the flight deck. When the EA-3B came forward to be catapulted, the entire forward flight deck had to kept clear. The EA-3B kept its wings folded until just before the cat shot, when they were unfolded. My memory is that they were launched from the left catapult of the Roosevelt. It is inconceivable, but true, that the A-3's were intended for use on board ships like the Roosevelt.
Saturday, January 27, 2007
My Mersey class cruiser anachronistic design
The next design I tried was for a Mersey class 2nd Class cruiser (anachronistic, of course). This ship had mixed results, in that the speed is just 21 knots. The protection is so much better and I do not understand why. This ship has a twin 8in turret forward with a superfiring twin 6in turret above it. To the stern are two twin 6in turrets. There are twin 6in turrets on each beam. This would be a ship with a single stack. This is the Springsharp report:
Mersey, anachronistic version, Great Britain 2nd Class Cruiser laid down 1908 (Engine 1912)
Displacement:
3,573 t light; 3,781 t standard; 4,470 t normal; 5,021 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
318.05 ft / 315.00 ft x 46.00 ft x 19.50 ft (normal load)
96.94 m / 96.01 m x 14.02 m x 5.94 m
Armament:
2 - 8.00" / 203 mm guns (1x2 guns), 256.00lbs / 116.12kg shells, 1908 Model
Breech loading guns in a turret (on a barbette)
on centreline forward
2 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns (1x2 guns), 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1908 Model
Quick firing guns in a turret (on a barbette)
on centreline forward, all raised guns - superfiring
4 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns (2x2 guns), 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1908 Model
Quick firing guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline, all aft, 1 raised mount - superfiring
4 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns (2x2 guns), 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1908 Model
Quick firing guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on side, all amidships
Weight of broadside 1,592 lbs / 722 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 120
2 - 18.0" / 457.2 mm submerged torpedo tubes
Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm
2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm
3rd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm
4th: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm
- Armour deck: 3.00" / 76 mm, Conning tower: 9.00" / 229 mm
Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 13,079 ihp / 9,757 Kw = 21.00 kts
Range 6,500nm at 12.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,240 tons (100% coal)
Complement:
273 - 355
Cost:
£0.413 million / $1.654 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 199 tons, 4.5 %
Armour: 839 tons, 18.8 %
- Belts: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 223 tons, 5.0 %
- Armour Deck: 563 tons, 12.6 %
- Conning Tower: 53 tons, 1.2 %
Machinery: 866 tons, 19.4 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,669 tons, 37.3 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 897 tons, 20.1 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
4,407 lbs / 1,999 Kg = 17.2 x 8.0 " / 203 mm shells or 1.0 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.09
Metacentric height 1.8 ft / 0.6 m
Roll period: 14.2 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 54 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.96
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.22
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.554
Length to Beam Ratio: 6.85 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 17.75 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 58 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 44
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 3.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 2.00 ft / 0.61 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 20.00 ft / 6.10 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 15.00 ft / 4.57 m
- Mid (50 %): 15.00 ft / 4.57 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 15.00 ft / 4.57 m
- Stern: 15.00 ft / 4.57 m
- Average freeboard: 15.40 ft / 4.69 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 102.2 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 106.2 %
Waterplane Area: 10,148 Square feet or 943 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 107 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 97 lbs/sq ft or 476 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.87
- Longitudinal: 3.35
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
Friday, January 26, 2007
2nd Class Cruiser Amphion, anachronistic version
The next design I tried was an anachronistic version of a Leander class 2nd Class Cruiser. I chose the Amphion. The ship has four turrets, two twin and two triple, with 6in QF guns. There is also a thin armoured deck. The speed is still 24 knots, with coal-fired boilers and complex reciprocrating engines. The range is greater: 6,700nm at 12 knots. This is the Springsharp report:
Amphion, anachronistic version, Great Britain 2nd Class Cruiser laid down 1908 (Engine 1910)
Displacement:
3,431 t light; 3,589 t standard; 4,300 t normal; 4,868 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
318.05 ft / 315.00 ft x 46.00 ft x 20.50 ft (normal load)
96.94 m / 96.01 m x 14.02 m x 6.25 m
Armament:
10 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns (4 mounts), 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1908 Model
Quick firing guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
Weight of broadside 1,080 lbs / 490 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 120
4 - 18.0" / 457.2 mm above water torpedoes
Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 1.50" / 38 mm 1.50" / 38 mm 1.50" / 38 mm
- Armour deck: 1.50" / 38 mm
Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 21,724 ihp / 16,206 Kw = 24.00 kts
Range 6,700nm at 12.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,279 tons (100% coal)
Complement:
265 - 345
Cost:
£0.436 million / $1.743 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 135 tons, 3.1 %
Armour: 406 tons, 9.4 %
- Belts: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 137 tons, 3.2 %
- Armour Deck: 270 tons, 6.3 %
- Conning Tower: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery: 1,444 tons, 33.6 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,446 tons, 33.6 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 869 tons, 20.2 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
2,498 lbs / 1,133 Kg = 23.1 x 6.0 " / 152 mm shells or 0.7 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.02
Metacentric height 1.6 ft / 0.5 m
Roll period: 15.2 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 78 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.93
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.07
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.507
Length to Beam Ratio: 6.85 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 17.75 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 63 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 73
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 3.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 2.00 ft / 0.61 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 20.00 ft / 6.10 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
- Mid (50 %): 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
- Stern: 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
- Average freeboard: 16.32 ft / 4.97 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 132.5 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 96.1 %
Waterplane Area: 9,713 Square feet or 902 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 98 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 83 lbs/sq ft or 406 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.87
- Longitudinal: 3.42
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Thursday, January 25, 2007
My anachronistic Mercury cruiser
I have planned to try some of the early British cruisers as anachronistic Springsharp designs. Tonight, I tried a Mercury design. This is an unarmoured 2nd Class Cruiser. My ship has 12-5in QF guns and 4-47mm (3pdr) QF guns. The speed is a pretty fast 24 knots. My ship would have twin funnels and a rather high flush deck. I had to raise the freeboard to help increase the roll period to over 13 seconds. This is the Springsharp report:
Mercury, anachronistic version, Great Britain 2nd Class Cruiser laid down 1906 (Engine 1908)
Displacement:
3,473 t light; 3,640 t standard; 4,250 t normal; 4,738 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
318.21 ft / 315.00 ft x 46.00 ft x 21.00 ft (normal load)
96.99 m / 96.01 m x 14.02 m x 6.40 m
Armament:
8 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns (4x2 guns), 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1906 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
4 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns (2x2 guns), 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1906 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, all amidships
4 - 1.85" / 47.0 mm guns in single mounts, 3.17lbs / 1.44kg shells, 1906 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
Weight of broadside 763 lbs / 346 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 180
4 - 18.0" / 457.2 mm above water torpedoes
Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 21,380 ihp / 15,950 Kw = 24.00 kts
Range 5,600nm at 12.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,098 tons (100% coal)
Complement:
263 - 342
Cost:
£0.470 million / $1.880 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 95 tons, 2.2 %
Machinery: 1,918 tons, 45.1 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,460 tons, 34.3 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 777 tons, 18.3 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
1,895 lbs / 859 Kg = 30.3 x 5.0 " / 127 mm shells or 0.5 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.16
Metacentric height 2.1 ft / 0.6 m
Roll period: 13.5 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 100 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.83
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.67
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.489
Length to Beam Ratio: 6.85 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 17.75 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 63 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 73
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 3.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 2.00 ft / 0.61 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 23.00 ft / 7.01 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 19.00 ft / 5.79 m
- Mid (50 %): 19.00 ft / 5.79 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 19.00 ft / 5.79 m
- Stern: 19.00 ft / 5.79 m
- Average freeboard: 19.32 ft / 5.89 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 163.5 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 113.1 %
Waterplane Area: 9,557 Square feet or 888 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 91 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 76 lbs/sq ft or 369 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.82
- Longitudinal: 5.56
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather
More Google Book Search stuff: the Journal of the Royal United Services Institute
I have seen frequent references to the Journal of the Royal United Services Institute in Dr. Oscar Parkes' and David Brown's writing. I find that at least some of the issues are available online, through Google Book Search. I was searching with the string "Mersey Class Cruiser", with the "Full view books" radio button selected. I didn't find what I was looking for, but Google Book Search did take me to a page in an article titled "WAR VESSELS FOR THE BRITISH NAVY", from the 1877 RUSI journal. The table of contents listed some provocative titles, besides the one I found. Was one was SIr Edward Reed, called "On circular Iron-clads".
Wednesday, January 24, 2007
A more interesting book: Ironclads in Action
A book that interests me much more is available from Google Book Search:
Ironclads in action; a sketch of naval warfare from 1855 to 1895, by Herbert Wrigley Wilson Type: English : Book Publisher: London, S. Low, Marston and Co., 1896.This is a classic, if you are interested in naval warfare in the period covered.
Google Book Search is starting to have material on warships
I see that Google Book Search now has a PDF copy for download of William Hovgaard's original publication about submarines from 1887. These are the details:
SUBMARINE BOATS: By William Hovgaard Published 1887 E. & F. N. Spon 98 pages Original from the University of Michigan
Tuesday, January 23, 2007
The Springsharp report for a British "13 Class" ship
I did as I said and tried a British "13 Class" ship in Springsharp. Except for being much heavier than the Japanese design, the ship works quite well, especially considering the relatively narrow beam for 18in guns. This is the Springsharp report:
GB/BB/1921 "13", Great Britain Battlecruiser laid down 1923
Displacement:
51,067 t light; 53,474 t standard; 56,200 t normal; 58,381 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
900.00 ft / 900.00 ft x 108.00 ft x 32.00 ft (normal load)
274.32 m / 274.32 m x 32.92 m x 9.75 m
Armament:
8 - 18.00" / 457 mm guns (4x2 guns), 2,916.00lbs / 1,322.68kg shells, 1923 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
14 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1923 Model
Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
on side, all amidships
14 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
8 - 4.70" / 119 mm guns in single mounts, 51.91lbs / 23.55kg shells, 1923 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
16 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm guns (4x4 guns), 2.00lbs / 0.91kg shells, 1923 Model
Breech loading guns in deck mounts
on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
Weight of broadside 25,287 lbs / 11,470 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 90
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 13.0" / 330 mm 600.00 ft / 182.88 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Ends: 5.00" / 127 mm 220.00 ft / 67.06 m 12.00 ft / 3.66 m
80.00 ft / 24.38 m Unarmoured ends
Upper: 10.0" / 254 mm 600.00 ft / 182.88 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Main Belt covers 103 % of normal length
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
4.00" / 102 mm 600.00 ft / 182.88 m 32.00 ft / 9.75 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 13.0" / 330 mm 9.00" / 229 mm 13.0" / 330 mm
2nd: 6.00" / 152 mm 4.00" / 102 mm 6.00" / 152 mm
- Armour deck: 5.00" / 127 mm, Conning tower: 13.00" / 330 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 4 shafts, 175,851 shp / 131,185 Kw = 30.00 kts
Range 6,500nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 4,907 tons
Complement:
1,824 - 2,372
Cost:
£15.317 million / $61.269 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 3,161 tons, 5.6 %
Armour: 19,699 tons, 35.1 %
- Belts: 5,170 tons, 9.2 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 2,842 tons, 5.1 %
- Armament: 4,499 tons, 8.0 %
- Armour Deck: 6,777 tons, 12.1 %
- Conning Tower: 411 tons, 0.7 %
Machinery: 5,877 tons, 10.5 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 22,331 tons, 39.7 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 5,133 tons, 9.1 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
72,606 lbs / 32,933 Kg = 24.9 x 18.0 " / 457 mm shells or 11.4 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.10
Metacentric height 6.8 ft / 2.1 m
Roll period: 17.4 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 58 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.82
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.16
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
Block coefficient: 0.632
Length to Beam Ratio: 8.33 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 30.00 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 48 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -2.00 degrees
Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 31.00 ft / 9.45 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 28.00 ft / 8.53 m
- Mid (50 %): 28.00 ft / 8.53 m (20.00 ft / 6.10 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 20.00 ft / 6.10 m
- Stern: 20.00 ft / 6.10 m
- Average freeboard: 24.24 ft / 7.39 m
Ship tends to be wet forward
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 93.5 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 181.3 %
Waterplane Area: 73,264 Square feet or 6,806 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 99 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 220 lbs/sq ft or 1,074 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 1.01
- Longitudinal: 0.99
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
I will try a British analog to the Japanese "13 Class"
The Japanese "13 Class" ships are often called either battleships or battlecruisers. In the "8-8 Plan", they were classed as battlecruisers. They were very long and narrow, with dimensions of 900ft x 101ft x 32ft. The armament was 8-18/45, 16-5.5 QF and 8-4.7 AA guns. They were also armed with 8-24 inch TT, mounted above water. The belt was to be 13in and the deck was 5in. They also had a maximum speed of 30 knots.
For a British analog to the "13 Class", I would use dimensions of 900ft x 108ft x 32ft. The main armament would be 8-18in/45 guns. The British, in 1921, wanted to push limits of the displacement, while going with what they thought was leading-edge design principles, so they would have used triple 18in turrets and twin secondary turrets. I will stay close to the "13 Class" and use twin 18in turrets and 6in QF guns in casemates. That would give an armament of 8-18in, 14-6in QF guns. I would try using a 13in armour basis for protection, with a 5in deck. The 30-knot speed would be adequate, so I would retain that, as well. I will be interested to see how great the displacement ends up being.
Monday, January 22, 2007
My British battleship along the lines of the Kii and Owari
This is the photo of the British analog to the Kii and Owari:
GB/BB/1921 Fast, Great Britain Battleship laid down 1921
Displacement:
43,133 t light; 45,212 t standard; 47,700 t normal; 49,690 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
824.00 ft / 824.00 ft x 104.00 ft x 31.00 ft (normal load)
251.16 m / 251.16 m x 31.70 m x 9.45 m
Armament:
8 - 16.00" / 406 mm guns (4x2 guns), 2,048.00lbs / 928.96kg shells, 1921 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
2 - 16.00" / 406 mm guns (1x2 guns), 2,048.00lbs / 928.96kg shells, 1921 Model
Breech loading guns in a turret (on a barbette)
on side amidships
14 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1921 Model
Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
on side, evenly spread
14 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
Weight of broadside 21,992 lbs / 9,975 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 90
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 11.5" / 292 mm 505.00 ft / 153.92 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Upper: 9.00" / 229 mm 505.00 ft / 153.92 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Main Belt covers 94 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
2.00" / 51 mm 505.00 ft / 153.92 m 31.00 ft / 9.45 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 12.0" / 305 mm 9.00" / 229 mm 12.0" / 305 mm
2nd: 12.0" / 305 mm 9.00" / 229 mm 12.0" / 305 mm
3rd: 6.00" / 152 mm 4.00" / 102 mm 6.00" / 152 mm
- Armour deck: 5.00" / 127 mm, Conning tower: 12.00" / 305 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 4 shafts, 159,080 shp / 118,673 Kw = 29.75 kts
Range 6,500nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 4,478 tons
Complement:
1,613 - 2,097
Cost:
£11.673 million / $46.691 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 2,749 tons, 5.8 %
Armour: 15,534 tons, 32.6 %
- Belts: 3,584 tons, 7.5 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 1,158 tons, 2.4 %
- Armament: 4,499 tons, 9.4 %
- Armour Deck: 5,953 tons, 12.5 %
- Conning Tower: 340 tons, 0.7 %
Machinery: 5,478 tons, 11.5 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 19,372 tons, 40.6 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4,567 tons, 9.6 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
58,852 lbs / 26,695 Kg = 28.7 x 16.0 " / 406 mm shells or 7.9 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.08
Metacentric height 6.2 ft / 1.9 m
Roll period: 17.6 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 57 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.83
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.13
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
Block coefficient: 0.628
Length to Beam Ratio: 7.92 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 28.71 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 51 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -2.00 degrees
Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 31.00 ft / 9.45 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 28.00 ft / 8.53 m
- Mid (50 %): 28.00 ft / 8.53 m (20.00 ft / 6.10 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 20.00 ft / 6.10 m
- Stern: 20.00 ft / 6.10 m
- Average freeboard: 24.24 ft / 7.39 m
Ship tends to be wet forward
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 99.7 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 180.1 %
Waterplane Area: 64,357 Square feet or 5,979 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 98 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 215 lbs/sq ft or 1,051 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.98
- Longitudinal: 1.15
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Hazegray.org has a good Japanese dreadnought page
I was looking for information about the battleship version of the Amagi class battleship class. The two named ships were the Kii and the Owari. Hazegray.org has a good page about the Japanese dreadnoughts. I would be interested in trying both a British fast battleship with 10-16in guns, as well as a similar ship to the Japanese "13" class ships, which were 900ft long and had 8-18in guns.
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