An alternate Ger/BB/1905 design study C1

I started to make this a coal-fired reciprocating engine battleship that can make 19 knots. The hull is flush-decked and the bridgework looks like a 1919 British battleship, except this is a German ship. The turrets are superfiring and the secondary armament is in casemates on the upper deck. The foremast is a tripod with a large top with firecontrol director and the mainmast is a heavy pole. The Springsharp report looks pretty good. A nasty feature of reciprocating engines is that it is not easy to increase the speed. I changed to direct-drive turbines, and 21 knots was easily possible. I kept the coal-fired boilers.

Ger/BB/1905 C1 Design Study, Germany Battleship laid down 1905

Displacement:
	17,520 t light; 17,910 t standard; 19,510 t normal; 20,790 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
	491.00 ft / 490.00 ft x 90.00 ft x 28.00 ft (normal load)
	149.66 m / 149.35 m x 27.43 m  x 8.53 m

Armament:
      8 - 12.00" / 305 mm guns (4x2 guns), 864.00lbs / 391.90kg shells, 1905 Model
	  Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
	  on centreline ends, evenly spread, all raised mounts - superfiring
      12 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1905 Model
	  Quick firing guns in casemate mounts 
	  on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
	Weight of broadside 8,208 lbs / 3,723 kg
	Shells per gun, main battery: 0

Armour:
   - Belts:		Width (max)	Length (avg)		Height (avg)
	Main:	12.0" / 305 mm	319.00 ft / 97.23 m	16.00 ft / 4.88 m
	Ends:	Unarmoured
	  Main Belt covers 100 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
		1.50" / 38 mm	300.00 ft / 91.44 m	26.00 ft / 7.92 m

   - Gun armour:	Face (max)	Other gunhouse (avg)	Barbette/hoist (max)
	Main:	12.0" / 305 mm	8.00" / 203 mm		10.0" / 254 mm
	2nd:	4.00" / 102 mm	4.00" / 102 mm		4.00" / 102 mm

   - Armour deck: 2.00" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 12.00" / 305 mm

Machinery:
	Coal fired boilers, steam turbines, 
	Direct drive, 4 shafts, 28,273 shp / 21,092 Kw = 21.00 kts
	Range 4,500nm at 12.00 kts
	Bunker at max displacement = 2,880 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
	825 - 1,073

Cost:
	£1.805 million / $7.220 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
	Armament: 1,026 tons, 5.3 %
	Armour: 6,630 tons, 34.0 %
	   - Belts: 2,717 tons, 13.9 %
	   - Torpedo bulkhead: 433 tons, 2.2 %
	   - Armament: 2,151 tons, 11.0 %
	   - Armour Deck: 1,142 tons, 5.9 %
	   - Conning Tower: 187 tons, 1.0 %
	Machinery: 2,356 tons, 12.1 %
	Hull, fittings & equipment: 7,508 tons, 38.5 %
	Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,990 tons, 10.2 %
	Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
	Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
	  23,607 lbs / 10,708 Kg = 27.3 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 4.2 torpedoes
	Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.00
	Metacentric height 4.3 ft / 1.3 m
	Roll period: 18.2 seconds
	Steadiness	- As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 70 %
			- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.70
	Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.39

Hull form characteristics:
	Hull has a flush deck
	Block coefficient: 0.553
	Length to Beam Ratio: 5.44 : 1
	'Natural speed' for length: 22.14 kts
	Power going to wave formation at top speed: 49 %
	Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
	Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
	Stern overhang: 1.00 ft / 0.30 m
	Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
	   - Stem:		24.00 ft / 7.32 m
	   - Forecastle (20 %):	20.00 ft / 6.10 m
	   - Mid (0 %):		19.00 ft / 5.79 m
	   - Quarterdeck (15 %):	19.00 ft / 5.79 m
	   - Stern:		19.00 ft / 5.79 m
	   - Average freeboard:	19.42 ft / 5.92 m
	Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
	Space	- Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 98.3 %
		- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 134.3 %
	Waterplane Area: 30,864 Square feet or 2,867 Square metres
	Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 100 %
	Structure weight / hull surface area: 172 lbs/sq ft or 841 Kg/sq metre
	Hull strength (Relative):
		- Cross-sectional: 0.92
		- Longitudinal: 2.09
		- Overall: 1.00
	Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
	Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
	Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
	Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily