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Monday, November 14, 2005

What if the US had intelligence about the Yamata class?

We wonder what sort of ship the United States might have built, if they had intelligence about the true nature of the Yamato class. I would think that they would have built a large, fast ship. Thanks to the wonder that is Springsharp, we can do a quick-and-dirty design for such a ship. We don't have to ponder the details, we can just design it. I wanted 30 knots and 18in guns. There is the usual DP armament, but with 24 guns. Then there is the light AA armament, as you would expected. I used a 17in belt with 18in on barbettes and turret faces. I have opted for a conventional hull shape, for better anti-torpedo protection. The displacement is really not so great as you might expect:
US/BB/1941, United States Battleship laid down 1941

Displacement:
 77,771 t light; 81,454 t standard; 86,000 t normal; 89,637 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 979.59 ft / 975.00 ft x 130.00 ft x 35.00 ft (normal load)
 298.58 m / 297.18 m x 39.62 m  x 10.67 m

Armament:
      9 - 18.00" / 457 mm guns (3x3 guns), 2,916.00lbs / 1,322.68kg shells, 1941 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, majority forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
      24 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns (12x2 guns), 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1941 Model
   Dual purpose guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on side, all amidships, 4 raised mounts - superfiring
      64 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm guns (16x4 guns), 1.95lbs / 0.89kg shells, 1941 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts 
   on side, evenly spread, 12 raised mounts
      36 - 0.79" / 20.0 mm guns in single mounts, 0.24lbs / 0.11kg shells, 1941 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts 
   on side, evenly spread, 24 raised mounts
 Weight of broadside 27,878 lbs / 12,645 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 125

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 17.0" / 432 mm 740.00 ft / 225.55 m 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 117 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  6.00" / 152 mm 740.00 ft / 225.55 m 34.00 ft / 10.36 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 18.0" / 457 mm 11.0" / 279 mm  18.0" / 457 mm
 2nd: 5.00" / 127 mm 5.00" / 127 mm  5.00" / 127 mm
 3rd: 1.00" / 25 mm       -         -
 4th: 1.00" / 25 mm       -         -

   - Armour deck: 8.00" / 203 mm, Conning tower: 18.00" / 457 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 230,262 shp / 171,775 Kw = 30.00 kts
 Range 10,000nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 8,183 tons

Complement:
 2,510 - 3,264

Cost:
 £40.188 million / $160.754 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 3,485 tons, 4.1 %
 Armour: 37,025 tons, 43.1 %
    - Belts: 8,964 tons, 10.4 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 5,586 tons, 6.5 %
    - Armament: 6,972 tons, 8.1 %
    - Armour Deck: 14,748 tons, 17.1 %
    - Conning Tower: 756 tons, 0.9 %
 Machinery: 6,085 tons, 7.1 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 31,176 tons, 36.3 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 8,229 tons, 9.6 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   164,036 lbs / 74,405 Kg = 56.3 x 18.0 " / 457 mm shells or 38.5 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.17
 Metacentric height 10.0 ft / 3.0 m
 Roll period: 17.3 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 67 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.54
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.34

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has a flush deck
 Block coefficient: 0.679
 Length to Beam Ratio: 7.50 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 31.22 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 49 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 4.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 2.00 ft / 0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  37.00 ft / 11.28 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 28.00 ft / 8.53 m
    - Mid (50 %):  28.00 ft / 8.53 m
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 28.00 ft / 8.53 m
    - Stern:  28.00 ft / 8.53 m
    - Average freeboard: 28.72 ft / 8.75 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 64.7 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 211.7 %
 Waterplane Area: 99,650 Square feet or 9,258 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 112 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 233 lbs/sq ft or 1,138 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.99
  - Longitudinal: 1.11
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

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