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Tuesday, May 16, 2006

The F/CA/1917 heavy cruiser design

In some ways, this is similar to a pre-Dreadnought belted cruiser. The protect consists of a 2in deck (rather than the hoped-for 4in + 3in decks) and an 8in belt. The main armament is 8-9.4in guns in two quadruple turrets forward and the secondary armament is 8-4in QF guns in twin mounts aft. There are also 6-21in TT. The only real recognition of being French are the 24cm guns (9.44in). The drawing looks like a French cruiser of later vintage. I also had a larger version on the same page, which was 729ft long, instead of the 676ft length of this version. My planned names were battleship names, really:
Dunkerque
Strasbourg
Jean Bart
Richelieu
Gascogne
Clemenceau
I stayed as close as I could to the original specifications, but I had to increase the draft to 22ft, to achieve adequate seakeeping. This is the Springsharp report:
F/CA/1917, France Heavy Cruiser laid down 1917 (Engine 1937)

Displacement:
 14,924 t light; 15,502 t standard; 16,600 t normal; 17,478 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 677.05 ft / 676.00 ft x 75.00 ft x 22.00 ft (normal load)
 206.36 m / 206.04 m x 22.86 m  x 6.71 m

Armament:
      8 - 9.45" / 240 mm guns (2x4 guns), 421.80lbs / 191.32kg shells, 1917 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline, all forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
      8 - 4.00" / 102 mm guns in single mounts, 32.00lbs / 14.51kg shells, 1917 Model
   Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, all aft
 Weight of broadside 3,630 lbs / 1,647 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 120
 6 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 340.00 ft / 103.63 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 77 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 5.00" / 127 mm  8.00" / 203 mm
 2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm  2.00" / 51 mm

   - Armour deck: 2.00" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 8.00" / 203 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 143,591 shp / 107,119 Kw = 34.00 kts
 Range 6,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 1,976 tons

Complement:
 730 - 950

Cost:
 £2.656 million / $10.623 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 454 tons, 2.7 %
 Armour: 3,196 tons, 19.3 %
    - Belts: 958 tons, 5.8 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
    - Armament: 852 tons, 5.1 %
    - Armour Deck: 1,274 tons, 7.7 %
    - Conning Tower: 112 tons, 0.7 %
 Machinery: 3,980 tons, 24.0 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 7,294 tons, 43.9 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,676 tons, 10.1 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   21,636 lbs / 9,814 Kg = 51.3 x 9.4 " / 240 mm shells or 2.1 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.16
 Metacentric height 4.3 ft / 1.3 m
 Roll period: 15.2 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 52 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.50
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.03

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.521
 Length to Beam Ratio: 9.01 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 26.00 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 58 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 2.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  30.00 ft / 9.14 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Mid (73 %):  25.00 ft / 7.62 m (17.00 ft / 5.18 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
    - Stern:  17.00 ft / 5.18 m
    - Average freeboard: 23.24 ft / 7.08 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 98.8 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 194.1 %
 Waterplane Area: 34,435 Square feet or 3,199 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 112 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 139 lbs/sq ft or 679 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.96
  - Longitudinal: 1.46
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

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