The US/BB/1937 design seems too good to be true

To my jaundiced eyes, the US/BB/1937 design seems to be too good to be true. The ship has a higher speed than the Yamato and carries a good (for 1937) AA armament. Admittedly, the armour basis is "only" 17 inches. The main improvements over the previous design are thicker armour deck and anti-torpedo bulkhead. There is a modest increase of the light AA armament. This is the Springsharp report:

US/BB/1937, United States Battleship laid down 1937

Displacement:
 61,913 t light; 64,708 t standard; 69,500 t normal; 73,333 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 860.80 ft / 855.00 ft x 112.00 ft x 35.00 ft (normal load)
 262.37 m / 260.60 m x 34.14 m  x 10.67 m

Armament:
      9 - 18.00" / 457 mm guns (3x3 guns), 2,916.00lbs / 1,322.68kg shells, 1937 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, majority forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
      24 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns (12x2 guns), 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1937 Model
   Dual purpose guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on side, all amidships, 4 raised mounts - superfiring
      42 - 1.10" / 27.9 mm guns (9 mounts), 0.67lbs / 0.30kg shells, 1937 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, all amidships, 7 raised mounts - superfiring
      40 - 0.50" / 12.7 mm guns (32 mounts), 0.06lbs / 0.03kg shells, 1937 Model
   Machine guns in deck mounts 
   on side, evenly spread, 32 raised mounts
 Weight of broadside 27,774 lbs / 12,598 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 90

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 17.0" / 432 mm 600.00 ft / 182.88 m 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 108 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  6.00" / 152 mm 600.00 ft / 182.88 m 32.00 ft / 9.75 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 17.0" / 432 mm 12.0" / 305 mm  17.0" / 432 mm
 2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm  2.00" / 51 mm

   - Armour deck: 8.00" / 203 mm, Conning tower: 17.00" / 432 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 185,957 shp / 138,724 Kw = 29.00 kts
 Range 12,000nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 8,625 tons

Complement:
 2,139 - 2,782

Cost:
 £31.663 million / $126.651 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 3,472 tons, 5.0 %
 Armour: 29,472 tons, 42.4 %
    - Belts: 7,378 tons, 10.6 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 4,262 tons, 6.1 %
    - Armament: 5,590 tons, 8.0 %
    - Armour Deck: 11,622 tons, 16.7 %
    - Conning Tower: 619 tons, 0.9 %
 Machinery: 5,154 tons, 7.4 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 23,815 tons, 34.3 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 7,587 tons, 10.9 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   107,231 lbs / 48,639 Kg = 36.8 x 18.0 " / 457 mm shells or 20.4 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.12
 Metacentric height 7.3 ft / 2.2 m
 Roll period: 17.4 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 52 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.76
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.05

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has low forecastle
 Block coefficient: 0.726
 Length to Beam Ratio: 7.63 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 29.24 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 52 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 5.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 3.00 ft / 0.91 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  32.00 ft / 9.75 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 1.00 ft / 0.30 m (25.00 ft / 7.62 m aft of break)
    - Mid (50 %):  25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Stern:  25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Average freeboard: 22.68 ft / 6.91 m
 Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 75.4 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 174.8 %
 Waterplane Area: 78,525 Square feet or 7,295 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 103 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 224 lbs/sq ft or 1,096 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.99
  - Longitudinal: 1.07
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

A better Ger/CL/1920 fleet cruiser photo

I had always been unhappy with my original drawing of the Ger/CL/1920 fleet cruiser. Looking at the original photo, I realized what the issue was for me. The stacks were too high and wide. This class of ships were to have 6-6in QF guns with a 37 knot speed. This is the revised photo:

The US/BB/1933 is suitable for Pacific warfare

I increased the displacement of the US/BB/1933 so as to have slightly better protection but especially to have a 12,000nm range at 15 knots. The armament is more modern, with 24-5in DP, 36-1.1in AA, as well as the 9-18in BLR, and 36-0.5in MG. What I don't understand is why this is achievable on such a relatively small displacement compared with the Yamato class. Part of the answer may be that the Japanese ship carried more protection. This is the Springsharp report:

US/BB/1933, United States Battleship laid down 1933

Displacement:
 55,163 t light; 57,817 t standard; 62,500 t normal; 66,246 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 790.54 ft / 785.00 ft x 112.00 ft x 33.00 ft (normal load)
 240.96 m / 239.27 m x 34.14 m  x 10.06 m

Armament:
      9 - 18.00" / 457 mm guns (3x3 guns), 2,916.00lbs / 1,322.68kg shells, 1933 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, majority forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
      24 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns (12x2 guns), 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1933 Model
   Dual purpose guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on side, all amidships, 4 raised mounts - superfiring
      36 - 1.10" / 27.9 mm guns (9x4 guns), 0.67lbs / 0.30kg shells, 1933 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, all amidships, 7 raised mounts - superfiring
      32 - 0.50" / 12.7 mm guns in single mounts, 0.06lbs / 0.03kg shells, 1933 Model
   Machine guns in deck mounts 
   on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
 Weight of broadside 27,770 lbs / 12,596 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 90

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 17.0" / 432 mm 530.00 ft / 161.54 m 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 104 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  5.00" / 127 mm 530.00 ft / 161.54 m 32.00 ft / 9.75 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 17.0" / 432 mm 12.0" / 305 mm  17.0" / 432 mm
 2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm  2.00" / 51 mm

   - Armour deck: 7.00" / 178 mm, Conning tower: 17.00" / 432 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 138,819 shp / 103,559 Kw = 27.00 kts
 Range 12,000nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 8,429 tons

Complement:
 1,976 - 2,569

Cost:
 £25.588 million / $102.351 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 3,471 tons, 5.6 %
 Armour: 25,508 tons, 40.8 %
    - Belts: 6,635 tons, 10.6 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 3,138 tons, 5.0 %
    - Armament: 5,590 tons, 8.9 %
    - Armour Deck: 9,568 tons, 15.3 %
    - Conning Tower: 577 tons, 0.9 %
 Machinery: 4,045 tons, 6.5 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 22,138 tons, 35.4 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 7,337 tons, 11.7 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   96,463 lbs / 43,755 Kg = 33.1 x 18.0 " / 457 mm shells or 17.7 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.12
 Metacentric height 7.3 ft / 2.2 m
 Roll period: 17.4 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 55 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.80
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.09

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has low forecastle
 Block coefficient: 0.754
 Length to Beam Ratio: 7.01 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 28.02 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 51 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 5.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 3.00 ft / 0.91 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  29.00 ft / 8.84 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 1.00 ft / 0.30 m (25.00 ft / 7.62 m aft of break)
    - Mid (50 %):  25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Stern:  25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Average freeboard: 22.44 ft / 6.84 m
 Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 76.7 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 178.1 %
 Waterplane Area: 73,887 Square feet or 6,864 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 102 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 226 lbs/sq ft or 1,103 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.98
  - Longitudinal: 1.19
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

The US/BB/1927 design

This is a transitional design, in that the speed merits the ship's designation as a fast battleship. To achieve everything, the dimensions and displacement had to increase considerably. The deck armour was increased to 6in so as to better resist bombing and falling shot at long range. The main armament is now in triple turrets. The only reason that I can see that this is viable at the size it is, is that the range is quite modest. The short range (6,500nm at 15 knots) makes it less useful for Pacific operations. To achieve a 12,000nm range, I would expect that the size would need to increase dramatically. This is the Springsharp report:

US/BB/1927, United States Battleship laid down 1927

Displacement:
 50,159 t light; 52,708 t standard; 55,300 t normal; 57,373 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 750.54 ft / 745.00 ft x 110.00 ft x 33.00 ft (normal load)
 228.76 m / 227.08 m x 33.53 m  x 10.06 m

Armament:
      9 - 18.00" / 457 mm guns (3x3 guns), 2,916.00lbs / 1,322.68kg shells, 1927 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, majority forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
      16 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns (8x2 guns), 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1927 Model
   Quick firing guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on side, all amidships, 4 raised mounts - superfiring
      8 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns in single mounts, 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1927 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
      36 - 0.50" / 12.7 mm guns in single mounts, 0.06lbs / 0.03kg shells, 1927 Model
   Machine guns in deck mounts 
   on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
 Weight of broadside 28,474 lbs / 12,916 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 90

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 16.0" / 406 mm 460.00 ft / 140.21 m 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 95 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  5.00" / 127 mm 460.00 ft / 140.21 m 32.00 ft / 9.75 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 16.0" / 406 mm 12.0" / 305 mm  16.0" / 406 mm
 2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm  2.00" / 51 mm

   - Armour deck: 6.00" / 152 mm, Conning tower: 16.00" / 406 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 129,718 shp / 96,770 Kw = 27.00 kts
 Range 6,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 4,665 tons

Complement:
 1,802 - 2,343

Cost:
 £19.340 million / $77.362 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 3,559 tons, 6.4 %
 Armour: 21,436 tons, 38.8 %
    - Belts: 5,537 tons, 10.0 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 2,723 tons, 4.9 %
    - Armament: 5,281 tons, 9.6 %
    - Armour Deck: 7,393 tons, 13.4 %
    - Conning Tower: 500 tons, 0.9 %
 Machinery: 4,095 tons, 7.4 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 21,069 tons, 38.1 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 5,141 tons, 9.3 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   73,720 lbs / 33,439 Kg = 25.3 x 18.0 " / 457 mm shells or 12.3 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.08
 Metacentric height 6.6 ft / 2.0 m
 Roll period: 17.9 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 52 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.92
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.05

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has low forecastle
 Block coefficient: 0.716
 Length to Beam Ratio: 6.77 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 27.29 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 53 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 5.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 3.00 ft / 0.91 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  29.00 ft / 8.84 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 1.00 ft / 0.30 m (25.00 ft / 7.62 m aft of break)
    - Mid (50 %):  25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Stern:  25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Average freeboard: 22.44 ft / 6.84 m
 Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 88.4 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 176.0 %
 Waterplane Area: 66,607 Square feet or 6,188 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 95 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 235 lbs/sq ft or 1,149 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.97
  - Longitudinal: 1.34
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

The US/BB/1923

I was amazed at what could be done on a relatively small displacement. The US/BB/1923 has 8-18in guns and a 16in armour basis. The speed is increased to 25 knots. All the characteristics seem to be good. Is there something I am missing? This is the Springsharp report:

US/BB/1923, United States Battleship laid down 1923

Displacement:
 43,733 t light; 45,988 t standard; 48,500 t normal; 50,510 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 672.45 ft / 670.00 ft x 108.00 ft x 31.00 ft (normal load)
 204.96 m / 204.22 m x 32.92 m  x 9.45 m

Armament:
      8 - 18.00" / 457 mm guns (4x2 guns), 2,916.00lbs / 1,322.68kg shells, 1923 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
      14 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1923 Model
   Quick firing guns in casemate mounts 
   on side, all amidships, 4 raised mounts - superfiring
      8 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns (4x2 guns), 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1923 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts
      24 - 0.50" / 12.7 mm guns in single mounts, 0.06lbs / 0.03kg shells, 1923 Model
   Machine guns in deck mounts 
   on side, evenly spread, 12 raised mounts
 Weight of broadside 25,342 lbs / 11,495 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 90

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 16.0" / 406 mm 460.00 ft / 140.21 m 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 106 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  4.00" / 102 mm 460.00 ft / 140.21 m 30.00 ft / 9.14 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 16.0" / 406 mm 12.0" / 305 mm  16.0" / 406 mm
 2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm  2.00" / 51 mm

   - Armour deck: 6.00" / 152 mm, Conning tower: 16.00" / 406 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 94,438 shp / 70,451 Kw = 25.00 kts
 Range 6,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 4,522 tons

Complement:
 1,633 - 2,124

Cost:
 £13.479 million / $53.916 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 3,168 tons, 6.5 %
 Armour: 19,646 tons, 40.5 %
    - Belts: 5,478 tons, 11.3 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 2,042 tons, 4.2 %
    - Armament: 4,900 tons, 10.1 %
    - Armour Deck: 6,766 tons, 14.0 %
    - Conning Tower: 458 tons, 0.9 %
 Machinery: 3,156 tons, 6.5 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 17,763 tons, 36.6 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4,767 tons, 9.8 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   64,833 lbs / 29,408 Kg = 22.2 x 18.0 " / 457 mm shells or 11.1 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.07
 Metacentric height 6.3 ft / 1.9 m
 Roll period: 18.0 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 55 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.87
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.09

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.757
 Length to Beam Ratio: 6.20 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 25.88 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 53 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 5.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  28.00 ft / 8.53 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Mid (67 %):  25.00 ft / 7.62 m (17.00 ft / 5.18 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
    - Stern:  17.00 ft / 5.18 m
    - Average freeboard: 22.60 ft / 6.89 m
 Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 86.1 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 162.0 %
 Waterplane Area: 60,957 Square feet or 5,663 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 95 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 219 lbs/sq ft or 1,071 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.96
  - Longitudinal: 1.47
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

Distortions by Springsharp? US/BB/1921

The next logical step was to have an American battleship with 12-16in guns. That is what the US/BB?1921 has. The odd thing is that to satisfy Springsharp, it was necessary to shorten the length to achieve strength. I guess that I should be thankful to only have a 31ft draft, as the American designs probably had a deeper draft. I was able to increase the armor basis to 15in and the deck armor to 5in. This is the Springsharp report:

US/BB/1921, United States Battleship laid down 1921

Displacement:
 39,845 t light; 42,082 t standard; 44,500 t normal; 46,434 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 642.45 ft / 640.00 ft x 108.00 ft x 31.00 ft (normal load)
 195.82 m / 195.07 m x 32.92 m  x 9.45 m

Armament:
      12 - 16.00" / 406 mm guns (4 mounts), 2,048.00lbs / 928.96kg shells, 1921 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, evenly spread, 4 raised guns - superfiring
      14 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1921 Model
   Quick firing guns in casemate mounts 
   on side, all amidships, 4 raised mounts - superfiring
      8 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns (4x2 guns), 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1921 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts
      24 - 0.50" / 12.7 mm guns in single mounts, 0.06lbs / 0.03kg shells, 1921 Model
   Machine guns in deck mounts 
   on side, evenly spread, 12 raised mounts
 Weight of broadside 26,590 lbs / 12,061 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 90

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 15.0" / 381 mm 440.00 ft / 134.11 m 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 106 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  4.00" / 102 mm 440.00 ft / 134.11 m 30.00 ft / 9.14 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 15.0" / 381 mm 11.0" / 279 mm  15.0" / 381 mm
 2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm  2.00" / 51 mm

   - Armour deck: 5.00" / 127 mm, Conning tower: 15.00" / 381 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 65,118 shp / 48,578 Kw = 23.00 kts
 Range 6,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 4,352 tons

Complement:
 1,531 - 1,991

Cost:
 £11.456 million / $45.822 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 3,324 tons, 7.5 %
 Armour: 17,359 tons, 39.0 %
    - Belts: 4,929 tons, 11.1 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 1,954 tons, 4.4 %
    - Armament: 4,822 tons, 10.8 %
    - Armour Deck: 5,248 tons, 11.8 %
    - Conning Tower: 406 tons, 0.9 %
 Machinery: 2,242 tons, 5.0 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 16,920 tons, 38.0 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4,655 tons, 10.5 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   57,993 lbs / 26,305 Kg = 28.3 x 16.0 " / 406 mm shells or 10.0 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.06
 Metacentric height 6.3 ft / 1.9 m
 Roll period: 18.0 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 64 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.96
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.29

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.727
 Length to Beam Ratio: 5.93 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 25.30 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 50 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 5.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  28.00 ft / 8.53 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Mid (67 %):  25.00 ft / 7.62 m (17.00 ft / 5.18 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
    - Stern:  17.00 ft / 5.18 m
    - Average freeboard: 22.60 ft / 6.89 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 88.7 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 160.8 %
 Waterplane Area: 56,735 Square feet or 5,271 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 92 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 223 lbs/sq ft or 1,091 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.94
  - Longitudinal: 1.65
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

An intermediate step: the US/BB/1918 design

This is an intermediate step that the US did not take. They moved on immediately to a 12-16in gun design, while I have opted to go with a 10-16in gun ship with a 23-knot speed. The armour basis remains at 14in with only a 4in deck. For better or worse, I kept a secondary armament mounted in casemates, rather than turrets. The US stayed with the casemate mounts for a long time. This is the Springsharp report:

US/BB/1918, United States Battleship laid down 1918

Displacement:
 35,443 t light; 37,382 t standard; 39,800 t normal; 41,735 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 626.89 ft / 625.00 ft x 106.00 ft x 30.00 ft (normal load)
 191.08 m / 190.50 m x 32.31 m  x 9.14 m

Armament:
      10 - 16.00" / 406 mm guns (4 mounts), 2,048.00lbs / 928.96kg shells, 1918 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
      14 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1918 Model
   Quick firing guns in casemate mounts 
   on side, all amidships, 4 raised mounts - superfiring
      8 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns (4x2 guns), 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1918 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts
      24 - 0.50" / 12.7 mm guns in single mounts, 0.06lbs / 0.03kg shells, 1918 Model
   Machine guns in deck mounts 
   on side, evenly spread, 12 raised mounts
 Weight of broadside 22,494 lbs / 10,203 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 90

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 14.0" / 356 mm 420.00 ft / 128.02 m 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 103 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  4.00" / 102 mm 420.00 ft / 128.02 m 29.00 ft / 8.84 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 14.0" / 356 mm 10.0" / 254 mm  14.0" / 356 mm
 2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm  2.00" / 51 mm

   - Armour deck: 4.00" / 102 mm, Conning tower: 14.00" / 356 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 60,806 shp / 45,361 Kw = 23.00 kts
 Range 6,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 4,353 tons

Complement:
 1,408 - 1,831

Cost:
 £7.819 million / $31.275 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 2,812 tons, 7.1 %
 Armour: 15,031 tons, 37.8 %
    - Belts: 4,411 tons, 11.1 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 1,803 tons, 4.5 %
    - Armament: 4,533 tons, 11.4 %
    - Armour Deck: 3,933 tons, 9.9 %
    - Conning Tower: 352 tons, 0.9 %
 Machinery: 2,194 tons, 5.5 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 15,407 tons, 38.7 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4,357 tons, 10.9 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   53,925 lbs / 24,460 Kg = 26.3 x 16.0 " / 406 mm shells or 9.5 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.06
 Metacentric height 6.1 ft / 1.9 m
 Roll period: 18.0 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 65 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.91
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.29

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.701
 Length to Beam Ratio: 5.90 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 25.00 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 50 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 4.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  27.00 ft / 8.23 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Mid (67 %):  25.00 ft / 7.62 m (17.00 ft / 5.18 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
    - Stern:  17.00 ft / 5.18 m
    - Average freeboard: 22.52 ft / 6.86 m
 Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 87.4 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 163.8 %
 Waterplane Area: 53,142 Square feet or 4,937 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 95 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 216 lbs/sq ft or 1,056 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.94
  - Longitudinal: 1.68
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

Another attempt at the Ger/CL/1920 fleet cruiser design

Given that I had just produced the photo of the Ger/CL/1920 fleet cruiser, I thought that I would try my hand at the design in Springsharp. This is what I was able to do. I thought that it was pretty faithful to the original concept:

Ger/CL/1920, Germany Fleet Cruiser laid down 1920 (Engine 1950)

Displacement:
 7,054 t light; 7,270 t standard; 7,550 t normal; 7,774 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 581.97 ft / 575.00 ft x 52.00 ft x 19.00 ft (normal load)
 177.38 m / 175.26 m x 15.85 m  x 5.79 m

Armament:
      6 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns (3x2 guns), 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1920 Model
   Quick firing guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, majority aft, 1 raised mount aft - superfiring
 Weight of broadside 648 lbs / 294 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 180
 8 - 23.6" / 600.0001 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 1.00" / 25 mm 575.00 ft / 175.26 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 154 % of normal length

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 2.00" / 51 mm 1.00" / 25 mm  1.00" / 25 mm

   - Armour deck: 1.00" / 25 mm, Conning tower: 2.00" / 51 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 126,116 shp / 94,083 Kw = 37.00 kts
 Range 4,500nm at 12.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 504 tons

Complement:
 404 - 526

Cost:
 £1.743 million / $6.971 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 81 tons, 1.1 %
 Armour: 611 tons, 8.1 %
    - Belts: 170 tons, 2.3 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
    - Armament: 67 tons, 0.9 %
    - Armour Deck: 357 tons, 4.7 %
    - Conning Tower: 17 tons, 0.2 %
 Machinery: 3,017 tons, 40.0 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,346 tons, 44.3 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 496 tons, 6.6 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   5,672 lbs / 2,573 Kg = 52.5 x 6.0 " / 152 mm shells or 0.9 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.21
 Metacentric height 2.7 ft / 0.8 m
 Roll period: 13.3 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 58 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.31
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.16

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.465
 Length to Beam Ratio: 11.06 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 23.98 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 62 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 15.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  26.00 ft / 7.92 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
    - Mid (67 %):  24.00 ft / 7.32 m (16.00 ft / 4.88 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
    - Stern:  16.00 ft / 4.88 m
    - Average freeboard: 21.52 ft / 6.56 m
 Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 137.9 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 152.1 %
 Waterplane Area: 19,316 Square feet or 1,794 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 104 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 91 lbs/sq ft or 443 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.91
  - Longitudinal: 2.24
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

A really good photo from FirstWorldWar.com

FirstWorldWar.com has some really good photos of warships. One that I thought was especially good is a picture of the Invincible and Inflexible at the Falklands. The Invincible is following the Inflexible. The identification is possible because the Invincible still did not have its forefunnel raised.

Photo of a British Battlecruiser (tentatively labelled GB/CB/1907)

I have this drawing from 1971 of a British battlecruiser with 8-12in and 12-6in guns. The ship was large, with a 600ft length and a normal displacement perhaps of 21,500 tons. The protection was 6,678 tons. The normal maximum speed was 28.6 knots and the maximum overload would be 30 knots. The normal SHP was hoped to be 80,600. This is the photo of this design:

A photo of the Ger/CL/1919 light cruiser

This is a photo of my radical light cruiser, the Ger/CL/1919 design that I created about 1973.

My photo of the Ger/CL/1920 fleet cruiser design

This is a photo of my Ger/CL/1920 fleet cruiser design. Thiswas intended to be a 6,000 ton standard displacement fast cruiser with 6-6in/55 QF and 8-23.6in TT. The originally intended speed was 37 knots. Protection was to be a scant 675 tons. I had hoped for a 38.4 knot speed on overload.

The next step: US/BB/1916

I may have advanced to the 16in gun too soon, but that is what the US/BB/1916 carries. I increased the armour basis to 14in and the guns to 8-16in BLR. You may not have noticed, but these ships have a 15 knot cruising speed for a range of 6,500nm. I increased the freeboard, as Springsharp complained about being wet forward, which is still the case, even with a one foot increase. The light AA gun for the US seems to have been the 0.50in MG, so that is what these ships have. This is the Springsharp report:

US/BB/1916, United States Battleship laid down 1916

Displacement:
 29,926 t light; 31,497 t standard; 33,800 t normal; 35,643 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 613.89 ft / 612.00 ft x 98.00 ft x 30.00 ft (normal load)
 187.11 m / 186.54 m x 29.87 m  x 9.14 m

Armament:
      8 - 16.00" / 406 mm guns (4x2 guns), 2,048.00lbs / 928.96kg shells, 1916 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
   Main guns limited to end-on fire
      16 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns in single mounts, 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1916 Model
   Quick firing guns in casemate mounts 
   on side, all amidships, 4 raised mounts - superfiring
      4 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns in single mounts, 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1916 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
      16 - 0.50" / 12.7 mm guns in single mounts, 0.06lbs / 0.03kg shells, 1916 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts 
   on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
 Weight of broadside 17,635 lbs / 7,999 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 90
 10 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 14.0" / 356 mm 400.00 ft / 121.92 m 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 101 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  4.00" / 102 mm 400.00 ft / 121.92 m 28.00 ft / 8.53 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 14.0" / 356 mm 10.0" / 254 mm  14.0" / 356 mm
 2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm  2.00" / 51 mm

   - Armour deck: 4.00" / 102 mm, Conning tower: 14.00" / 356 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Direct drive, 4 shafts, 37,984 shp / 28,336 Kw = 21.00 kts
 Range 6,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 4,146 tons

Complement:
 1,246 - 1,620

Cost:
 £5.068 million / $20.273 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 2,204 tons, 6.5 %
 Armour: 13,286 tons, 39.3 %
    - Belts: 4,189 tons, 12.4 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 1,658 tons, 4.9 %
    - Armament: 3,701 tons, 10.9 %
    - Armour Deck: 3,423 tons, 10.1 %
    - Conning Tower: 315 tons, 0.9 %
 Machinery: 1,415 tons, 4.2 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 13,021 tons, 38.5 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,874 tons, 11.5 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   51,219 lbs / 23,233 Kg = 25.0 x 16.0 " / 406 mm shells or 9.6 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.02
 Metacentric height 5.0 ft / 1.5 m
 Roll period: 18.4 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 83 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 1.18
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.65

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.657
 Length to Beam Ratio: 6.24 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 24.74 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 44 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 4.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  27.00 ft / 8.23 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Mid (67 %):  25.00 ft / 7.62 m (17.00 ft / 5.18 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
    - Stern:  17.00 ft / 5.18 m
    - Average freeboard: 22.52 ft / 6.86 m
 Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 78.8 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 142.6 %
 Waterplane Area: 46,261 Square feet or 4,298 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 100 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 202 lbs/sq ft or 986 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.93
  - Longitudinal: 1.79
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
 Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

A new thread: American battleships

This starts a new design thread. Again, the thread starts in 1914. This time, the ship is an American battleship design: US/BB/1914. I must confess to being throughly conventional. I had thought of only having a 9-14in gun main armament, but I went with 12-14in, instead. The result seemed pretty reasonable. This is the Springsharp report:

US/BB/1914, United States Battleship laid down 1914

Displacement:
 28,781 t light; 30,331 t standard; 32,600 t normal; 34,415 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 600.00 ft / 600.00 ft x 96.00 ft x 29.00 ft (normal load)
 182.88 m / 182.88 m x 29.26 m  x 8.84 m

Armament:
      12 - 14.00" / 356 mm guns (4x3 guns), 1,372.00lbs / 622.33kg shells, 1914 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
   Main guns limited to end-on fire
      16 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns in single mounts, 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1914 Model
   Quick firing guns in casemate mounts 
   on side, all amidships, 4 raised mounts - superfiring
      4 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns in single mounts, 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1914 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
 Weight of broadside 17,714 lbs / 8,035 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 90
 10 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 13.0" / 330 mm 390.00 ft / 118.87 m 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 100 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  4.00" / 102 mm 390.00 ft / 118.87 m 28.00 ft / 8.53 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 13.0" / 330 mm 9.00" / 229 mm  13.0" / 330 mm
 2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm  2.00" / 51 mm

   - Armour deck: 4.00" / 102 mm, Conning tower: 13.00" / 330 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Direct drive, 4 shafts, 37,714 shp / 28,135 Kw = 21.00 kts
 Range 6,000nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 4,083 tons

Complement:
 1,212 - 1,576

Cost:
 £3.908 million / $15.633 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 2,214 tons, 6.8 %
 Armour: 12,595 tons, 38.6 %
    - Belts: 3,803 tons, 11.7 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 1,616 tons, 5.0 %
    - Armament: 3,525 tons, 10.8 %
    - Armour Deck: 3,365 tons, 10.3 %
    - Conning Tower: 286 tons, 0.9 %
 Machinery: 1,453 tons, 4.5 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 12,519 tons, 38.4 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,819 tons, 11.7 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   46,932 lbs / 21,288 Kg = 34.2 x 14.0 " / 356 mm shells or 8.6 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.03
 Metacentric height 4.9 ft / 1.5 m
 Roll period: 18.1 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 79 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 1.17
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.58

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.683
 Length to Beam Ratio: 6.25 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 24.49 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 45 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -2.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  26.00 ft / 7.92 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
    - Mid (67 %):  24.00 ft / 7.32 m (16.00 ft / 4.88 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
    - Stern:  16.00 ft / 4.88 m
    - Average freeboard: 21.52 ft / 6.56 m
 Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 82.8 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 137.1 %
 Waterplane Area: 45,472 Square feet or 4,224 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 98 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 200 lbs/sq ft or 976 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.94
  - Longitudinal: 1.69
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
 Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

The ultimate development: GB/DD/1941

The GB/DD/1941 is a blend of the Tribal class with the Daring class. The speed needed to stay at 37 knots, as the cost of going higher was too great. The armament now includes 8-4.5in DP guns, 2-4in AA (an odd feature), and 16-2pdr AA guns, as well as the usual 10-21in TT. The range is now 6,000nm at 15 knots. This is the Springsharp report:

GB/DD/1941, Great Britain Destroyer laid down 1941

Displacement:
 2,515 t light; 2,629 t standard; 2,950 t normal; 3,206 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 388.82 ft / 387.00 ft x 37.00 ft x 17.00 ft (normal load)
 118.51 m / 117.96 m x 11.28 m  x 5.18 m

Armament:
      8 - 4.50" / 114 mm guns (4x2 guns), 45.56lbs / 20.67kg shells, 1941 Model
   Dual purpose guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
      2 - 4.00" / 102 mm guns (1x2 guns), 32.00lbs / 14.51kg shells, 1941 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in a deck mount with hoist
   on centreline amidships, all raised guns - superfiring
      16 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm guns (4x4 guns), 1.95lbs / 0.89kg shells, 1941 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts 
   on side, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts
 Weight of broadside 460 lbs / 209 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 200
 10 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm above water torpedoes

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Direct drive, 2 shafts, 71,252 shp / 53,154 Kw = 37.00 kts
 Range 6,000nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 577 tons

Complement:
 199 - 260

Cost:
 £2.249 million / $8.996 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 57 tons, 1.9 %
 Machinery: 1,625 tons, 55.1 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 833 tons, 28.2 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 435 tons, 14.7 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   640 lbs / 290 Kg = 14.0 x 4.5 " / 114 mm shells or 0.3 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.36
 Metacentric height 1.9 ft / 0.6 m
 Roll period: 11.2 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 56 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.62
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.12

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
   and transom stern
 Block coefficient: 0.424
 Length to Beam Ratio: 10.46 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 22.59 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 70 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 4.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  26.00 ft / 7.92 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
    - Mid (36 %):  24.00 ft / 7.32 m (16.00 ft / 4.88 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
    - Stern:  16.00 ft / 4.88 m
    - Average freeboard: 19.04 ft / 5.80 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 193.2 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 82.9 %
 Waterplane Area: 9,296 Square feet or 864 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 70 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 38 lbs/sq ft or 185 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.44
  - Longitudinal: 3.15
  - Overall: 0.53
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped

The GB/DD/1937 is big enough to have a 15 knot cruising speed

The GB/DD/1937 is big an fast, and has a range of 5,600nm at 15 knots (finally). This seems a great improvement over the puny 12 knot cruising speeds of its predecessors. I had looked at what could be improved that would give the greatest benefit, and cruising speed seemed to be "it". This is the Springsharp report:

GB/DD/1937, Great Britain Destroyer laid down 1937 (Engine 1947)

Displacement:
2,000 t light; 2,103 t standard; 2,350 t normal; 2,548 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
373.75 ft / 372.00 ft x 36.00 ft x 15.00 ft (normal load)
113.92 m / 113.39 m x 10.97 m  x 4.57 m

Armament:
     8 - 4.70" / 119 mm guns (4x2 guns), 51.91lbs / 23.55kg shells, 1937 Model
  Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
  on centreline ends, evenly spread, 1 raised mount - superfiring
     1 - 4.00" / 102 mm guns in single mounts, 32.00lbs / 14.51kg shells, 1937 Model
  Anti-aircraft gun in a deck mount with hoist
  on side amidships
     16 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm guns (4x4 guns), 1.95lbs / 0.89kg shells, 1937 Model
  Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
  on side, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts
Weight of broadside 479 lbs / 217 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 200
10 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm above water torpedoes

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 62,213 shp / 46,411 Kw = 37.00 kts
Range 5,600nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 445 tons

Complement:
168 - 219

Cost:
£1.599 million / $6.395 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 60 tons, 2.5 %
Machinery: 1,235 tons, 52.5 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 705 tons, 30.0 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 350 tons, 14.9 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
  539 lbs / 245 Kg = 10.4 x 4.7 " / 119 mm shells or 0.3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.34
Metacentric height 1.8 ft / 0.6 m
Roll period: 11.2 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 52 %
  - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.65
Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.04

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
  and transom stern
Block coefficient: 0.409
Length to Beam Ratio: 10.33 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 22.22 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 70 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 4.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
   - Stem:  25.00 ft / 7.62 m
   - Forecastle (20 %): 23.00 ft / 7.01 m
   - Mid (36 %):  23.00 ft / 7.01 m (15.00 ft / 4.57 m aft of break)
   - Quarterdeck (15 %): 15.00 ft / 4.57 m
   - Stern:  15.00 ft / 4.57 m
   - Average freeboard: 18.04 ft / 5.50 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 189.7 %
 - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 80.4 %
Waterplane Area: 8,605 Square feet or 799 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 66 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 36 lbs/sq ft or 176 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
 - Cross-sectional: 0.42
 - Longitudinal: 2.96
 - Overall: 0.51
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped

The GB/DD/1931 design

I almost would say that this design is "underperforming", in that while it is good, perhaps the speed could be higher. The armament is increased to 8-4.7in QF, 1-4in AA, 12-2pdr AA, with 10-21in TT. The maximum speed is still 37 knots and the range is 5,000nm at just 12 knots. This is the Springsharp report:

GB/DD/1931, Great Britain Destroyer laid down 1931 (Engine 1941)

Displacement:
 1,912 t light; 2,010 t standard; 2,150 t normal; 2,262 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 366.75 ft / 365.00 ft x 35.00 ft x 15.00 ft (normal load)
 111.78 m / 111.25 m x 10.67 m  x 4.57 m

Armament:
      8 - 4.70" / 119 mm guns (4x2 guns), 51.91lbs / 23.55kg shells, 1931 Model
   Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on centreline ends, evenly spread, 1 raised mount - superfiring
      1 - 4.00" / 102 mm guns in single mounts, 32.00lbs / 14.51kg shells, 1931 Model
   Anti-aircraft gun in a deck mount with hoist
   on side amidships
      12 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm guns (3x4 guns), 1.95lbs / 0.89kg shells, 1931 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts 
   on side, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts
 Weight of broadside 471 lbs / 214 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 200
 10 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm above water torpedoes

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Direct drive, 2 shafts, 58,631 shp / 43,739 Kw = 37.00 kts
 Range 5,000nm at 12.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 253 tons

Complement:
 157 - 205

Cost:
 £1.217 million / $4.867 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 59 tons, 2.7 %
 Machinery: 1,161 tons, 54.0 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 692 tons, 32.2 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 238 tons, 11.1 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   465 lbs / 211 Kg = 9.0 x 4.7 " / 119 mm shells or 0.3 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.27
 Metacentric height 1.6 ft / 0.5 m
 Roll period: 11.7 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 55 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.78
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.10

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
   and transom stern
 Block coefficient: 0.393
 Length to Beam Ratio: 10.43 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 22.05 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 70 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 4.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 23.00 ft / 7.01 m
    - Mid (36 %):  23.00 ft / 7.01 m (15.00 ft / 4.57 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 15.00 ft / 4.57 m
    - Stern:  15.00 ft / 4.57 m
    - Average freeboard: 18.04 ft / 5.50 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 195.8 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 77.1 %
 Waterplane Area: 8,128 Square feet or 755 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 60 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 36 lbs/sq ft or 177 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.42
  - Longitudinal: 3.38
  - Overall: 0.52
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped

Sort of a British Fubuki class: GB/DD/1927

This has turned out to be sort of a British answer to the Fubuki class, except that there is not the super torpedo armament (perhaps the next version should have that). The armament has not changed, but the speed is now 37 knots. The range is also increased to 4,750nm, but only at 12 knots. This is the Springsharp report:

GB/DD/1927, Great Britain Destroyer laid down 1927 (Engine 1937)

Displacement:
 1,871 t light; 1,954 t standard; 2,090 t normal; 2,198 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 356.75 ft / 355.00 ft x 34.00 ft x 15.00 ft (normal load)
 108.74 m / 108.20 m x 10.36 m  x 4.57 m

Armament:
      6 - 4.70" / 119 mm guns (3x2 guns), 51.91lbs / 23.55kg shells, 1927 Model
   Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on centreline ends, majority forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
      1 - 4.00" / 102 mm guns in single mounts, 32.00lbs / 14.51kg shells, 1927 Model
   Anti-aircraft gun in a deck mount with hoist
   on side amidships
      8 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm guns (2x4 guns), 1.95lbs / 0.89kg shells, 1927 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts 
   on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
 Weight of broadside 359 lbs / 163 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 200
 10 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm above water torpedoes

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Direct drive, 2 shafts, 59,044 shp / 44,047 Kw = 37.00 kts
 Range 4,750nm at 12.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 244 tons

Complement:
 153 - 200

Cost:
 £0.979 million / $3.917 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 45 tons, 2.1 %
 Machinery: 1,186 tons, 56.8 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 640 tons, 30.6 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 219 tons, 10.5 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   420 lbs / 190 Kg = 8.1 x 4.7 " / 119 mm shells or 0.3 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.27
 Metacentric height 1.5 ft / 0.5 m
 Roll period: 11.5 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 54 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.66
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.08

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
   and transom stern
 Block coefficient: 0.404
 Length to Beam Ratio: 10.44 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 21.70 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 71 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 4.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 23.00 ft / 7.01 m
    - Mid (36 %):  23.00 ft / 7.01 m (15.00 ft / 4.57 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 15.00 ft / 4.57 m
    - Stern:  15.00 ft / 4.57 m
    - Average freeboard: 18.04 ft / 5.50 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 200.0 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 70.1 %
 Waterplane Area: 7,729 Square feet or 718 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 58 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 34 lbs/sq ft or 166 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.41
  - Longitudinal: 3.59
  - Overall: 0.51
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is extremely poor
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped

The GB/DD/1923 design

The move to twin mounts in the GB/DD/1923 design may be premature, but it seemed an obvious move to make. The armament is increased to 6-4.7in QF, 1-4in AA, and 8-2pdr AA guns with 10-21in TT. The forecastle is raised and the freeboard was increased further to aid seakeeping. The draft is perhaps to deep, but it is a feature of Springsharp that increasing the draft generally improved seakeeping and strenght. This is the Springsharp report:

GB/DD/1923, Great Britain Destroyer laid down 1923 (Engine 1933)

Displacement:
 1,553 t light; 1,630 t standard; 1,750 t normal; 1,846 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 346.68 ft / 345.00 ft x 33.00 ft x 14.00 ft (normal load)
 105.67 m / 105.16 m x 10.06 m  x 4.27 m

Armament:
      6 - 4.70" / 119 mm guns (3x2 guns), 51.91lbs / 23.55kg shells, 1923 Model
   Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on centreline ends, majority forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
      1 - 4.00" / 102 mm guns in single mounts, 32.00lbs / 14.51kg shells, 1923 Model
   Anti-aircraft gun in a deck mount with hoist
   on side amidships
      8 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm guns (2x4 guns), 1.95lbs / 0.89kg shells, 1923 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts 
   on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
 Weight of broadside 359 lbs / 163 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 200
 10 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm above water torpedoes

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Direct drive, 2 shafts, 46,926 shp / 35,007 Kw = 36.00 kts
 Range 4,500nm at 12.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 215 tons

Complement:
 134 - 175

Cost:
 £0.652 million / $2.609 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 45 tons, 2.6 %
 Machinery: 944 tons, 54.0 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 564 tons, 32.3 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 197 tons, 11.2 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   377 lbs / 171 Kg = 7.3 x 4.7 " / 119 mm shells or 0.2 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.24
 Metacentric height 1.4 ft / 0.4 m
 Roll period: 11.7 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 55 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.75
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.11

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has raised forecastle, rise forward of midbreak
   and transom stern
 Block coefficient: 0.384
 Length to Beam Ratio: 10.45 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 21.46 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 69 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 4.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  24.00 ft / 7.32 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 22.00 ft / 6.71 m (21.00 ft / 6.40 m aft of break)
    - Mid (36 %):  22.00 ft / 6.71 m (14.00 ft / 4.27 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
    - Stern:  14.00 ft / 4.27 m
    - Average freeboard: 16.96 ft / 5.17 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 194.3 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 64.2 %
 Waterplane Area: 7,215 Square feet or 670 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 57 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 33 lbs/sq ft or 163 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.41
  - Longitudinal: 3.33
  - Overall: 0.51
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped

The GB/DD/1921 design

I was going to just settle for a modest increase in speed and range, but I decided at the last minute to add a fifth 4.7in QF gun to the GB/DD/1921 design. The maximum speed is now 36 knots with a range of 4,500nm at 12 knots. This is the Springsharp report:

GB/DD/1921, Great Britain Destroyer laid down 1921 (Engine 1931)

Displacement:
 1,348 t light; 1,409 t standard; 1,520 t normal; 1,609 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 336.21 ft / 335.00 ft x 32.00 ft x 13.00 ft (normal load)
 102.48 m / 102.11 m x 9.75 m  x 3.96 m

Armament:
      5 - 4.70" / 119 mm guns (4 mounts), 51.91lbs / 23.55kg shells, 1921 Model
   Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
      4 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm guns (1x4 guns), 1.95lbs / 0.89kg shells, 1921 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mount 
   on side amidships, all raised guns
 Weight of broadside 267 lbs / 121 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 200
 8 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm above water torpedoes

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Direct drive, 2 shafts, 43,455 shp / 32,417 Kw = 36.00 kts
 Range 4,500nm at 12.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 200 tons

Complement:
 121 - 158

Cost:
 £0.489 million / $1.957 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 33 tons, 2.2 %
 Machinery: 836 tons, 55.0 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 479 tons, 31.5 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 172 tons, 11.3 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   338 lbs / 153 Kg = 6.5 x 4.7 " / 119 mm shells or 0.2 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.31
 Metacentric height 1.5 ft / 0.4 m
 Roll period: 11.1 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 51 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.57
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.03

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
   and transom stern
 Block coefficient: 0.382
 Length to Beam Ratio: 10.47 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 21.15 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 70 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 3.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  23.00 ft / 7.01 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
    - Mid (35 %):  21.00 ft / 6.40 m (13.00 ft / 3.96 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 13.00 ft / 3.96 m
    - Stern:  13.00 ft / 3.96 m
    - Average freeboard: 15.96 ft / 4.86 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 194.7 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 77.0 %
 Waterplane Area: 6,786 Square feet or 630 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 53 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 31 lbs/sq ft or 153 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.42
  - Longitudinal: 2.94
  - Overall: 0.51
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped

The GB/DD/1918 design

I had thought that the machinery is too heavy for the power produced, but I was reluctant to make the date any later than 10 years more than the laid-down date. The machinery is 50 SHP/ton, so it is not that bad. I also wondered if the problem was that power to reach 35 knots is greater than would really be needed. I looked at some example ships. The A-class ships had 505 ton machinery that produced 34,000 SHP. The improvements in the GB/DD/1918 design include a 35 knot speed, a 4,200nm range at 12 knots, 8-21in TT, and 4-2pdr AA. This is the Springsharp report:

GB/DD/1918, Great Britain Destroyer laid down 1918 (Engine 1928)

Displacement:
 1,199 t light; 1,251 t standard; 1,350 t normal; 1,429 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 326.21 ft / 325.00 ft x 31.00 ft x 12.00 ft (normal load)
 99.43 m / 99.06 m x 9.45 m  x 3.66 m

Armament:
      4 - 4.70" / 119 mm guns in single mounts, 51.91lbs / 23.55kg shells, 1918 Model
   Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
      4 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm guns (1x4 guns), 2.00lbs / 0.91kg shells, 1918 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mount 
   on side amidships, all raised guns
 Weight of broadside 216 lbs / 98 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 200
 8 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm above water torpedoes

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Direct drive, 2 shafts, 36,622 shp / 27,320 Kw = 35.00 kts
 Range 4,200nm at 12.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 178 tons

Complement:
 110 - 144

Cost:
 £0.333 million / $1.332 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 27 tons, 2.0 %
 Machinery: 728 tons, 53.9 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 444 tons, 32.9 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 151 tons, 11.2 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   333 lbs / 151 Kg = 6.4 x 4.7 " / 119 mm shells or 0.2 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.28
 Metacentric height 1.3 ft / 0.4 m
 Roll period: 11.2 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 55 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.56
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.11

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
   and transom stern
 Block coefficient: 0.391
 Length to Beam Ratio: 10.48 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 20.80 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 70 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 3.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  23.00 ft / 7.01 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
    - Mid (35 %):  21.00 ft / 6.40 m (13.00 ft / 3.96 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 13.00 ft / 3.96 m
    - Stern:  13.00 ft / 3.96 m
    - Average freeboard: 15.96 ft / 4.86 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 189.8 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 74.6 %
 Waterplane Area: 6,404 Square feet or 595 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 54 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 30 lbs/sq ft or 147 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.43
  - Longitudinal: 3.25
  - Overall: 0.52
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped

My GB/DD/1916 design

My GB/DD/1916 design is at least more aggressive, in that the destroyer has 4-4.7in QF guns, with two superfiring. I moderately increased the range (to 3,750nm at 12 knots), as well. This is the Springsharp report:

GB/DD/1916, Great Britain Destroyer laid down 1916 (Engine 1920)

Displacement:
 1,109 t light; 1,159 t standard; 1,250 t normal; 1,323 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 306.21 ft / 305.00 ft x 31.00 ft x 12.00 ft (normal load)
 93.33 m / 92.96 m x 9.45 m  x 3.66 m

Armament:
      4 - 4.70" / 119 mm guns in single mounts, 51.91lbs / 23.55kg shells, 1916 Model
   Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
      2 - 2.24" / 57.0 mm guns (1x2 guns), 5.65lbs / 2.56kg shells, 1916 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mount 
   on side amidships
 Weight of broadside 219 lbs / 99 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 200
 4 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm above water torpedoes

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Direct drive, 2 shafts, 31,903 shp / 23,800 Kw = 34.00 kts
 Range 3,750nm at 12.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 164 tons

Complement:
 104 - 136

Cost:
 £0.255 million / $1.022 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 27 tons, 2.2 %
 Machinery: 673 tons, 53.9 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 408 tons, 32.7 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 141 tons, 11.3 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   307 lbs / 139 Kg = 5.9 x 4.7 " / 119 mm shells or 0.2 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.30
 Metacentric height 1.4 ft / 0.4 m
 Roll period: 11.1 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 56 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.57
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.12

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
   and transom stern
 Block coefficient: 0.386
 Length to Beam Ratio: 9.84 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 20.28 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 70 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 3.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  23.00 ft / 7.01 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
    - Mid (35 %):  21.00 ft / 6.40 m (13.00 ft / 3.96 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 13.00 ft / 3.96 m
    - Stern:  13.00 ft / 3.96 m
    - Average freeboard: 15.96 ft / 4.86 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 191.1 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 115.5 %
 Waterplane Area: 5,995 Square feet or 557 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 51 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 30 lbs/sq ft or 144 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.42
  - Longitudinal: 3.63
  - Overall: 0.52
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate

A new design series starting with the GB/DD/1914

One of my main concerns about Springsharp is that destroyer machinery is too heavy. I believe that this will eventually be corrected, perhaps in the next version. I thought that the next design series should study British destroyers. This is my concept for a 1914 British design: the GB/DD/1914. I wanted 1,000 tons , or so, at least 34 knots, and a 3,500nm range. The armament is not particularly interesting, but reasonable at 4-4in QF, 1-6pdr AA, and 4-21in TT. One gun is superfiring. This is the Springsharp report:

GB/DD/1914, Great Britain Destroyer laid down 1914 (Engine 1918)

Displacement:
    923 t light; 959 t standard; 1,040 t normal; 1,105 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
    280.00 ft / 280.00 ft x 29.00 ft x 12.00 ft (normal load)
    85.34 m / 85.34 m x 8.84 m  x 3.66 m

Armament:
      4 - 4.00" / 102 mm guns in single mounts, 32.00lbs / 14.51kg shells, 1914 Model
      Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
      on centreline ends, evenly spread, 1 raised mount
      1 - 2.24" / 57.0 mm guns in single mounts, 5.65lbs / 2.56kg shells, 1914 Model
      Anti-aircraft gun in deck mount
      on side amidships
    Weight of broadside 134 lbs / 61 kg
    Shells per gun, main battery: 200
    4 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm above water torpedoes

Machinery:
    Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
    Direct drive, 2 shafts, 29,517 shp / 22,020 Kw = 34.00 kts
    Range 3,500nm at 12.00 kts
    Bunker at max displacement = 146 tons

Complement:
    91 - 119

Cost:
    £0.161 million / $0.646 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
    Armament: 17 tons, 1.6 %
    Machinery: 575 tons, 55.3 %
    Hull, fittings & equipment: 331 tons, 31.8 %
    Fuel, ammunition & stores: 117 tons, 11.3 %
    Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
    Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
      257 lbs / 117 Kg = 8.0 x 4.0 " / 102 mm shells or 0.2 torpedoes
    Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.35
    Metacentric height 1.3 ft / 0.4 m
    Roll period: 10.6 seconds
    Steadiness    - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 52 %
            - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.37
    Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.03

Hull form characteristics:
    Hull has rise forward of midbreak
      and transom stern
    Block coefficient: 0.374
    Length to Beam Ratio: 9.66 : 1
    'Natural speed' for length: 19.50 kts
    Power going to wave formation at top speed: 72 %
    Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
    Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
    Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
    Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
       - Stem:        22.00 ft / 6.71 m
       - Forecastle (20 %):    20.00 ft / 6.10 m
       - Mid (35 %):        20.00 ft / 6.10 m (12.00 ft / 3.66 m aft of break)
       - Quarterdeck (15 %):    12.00 ft / 3.66 m
       - Stern:        12.00 ft / 3.66 m
       - Average freeboard:    14.96 ft / 4.56 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
    Space    - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 191.1 %
        - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 98.1 %
    Waterplane Area: 5,125 Square feet or 476 Square metres
    Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 46 %
    Structure weight / hull surface area: 28 lbs/sq ft or 135 Kg/sq metre
    Hull strength (Relative):
        - Cross-sectional: 0.42
        - Longitudinal: 3.99
        - Overall: 0.53
    Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
    Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate

The final step in this design series: GB/CA/1940

The final step in this design series seemed to demand using 9.2in BLR. For a ship of this size, over 23,000 tons normal, 8in guns seemed to be too small. I suspect that the last design had some shortcomings, brought on by typos. This one is a super-ship, with a speed of 36 knots, a range of 8,500nm at 15 knots and a 5in armour basis. This is the Springsharp report:

GB/CA/1940, Great Britain Heavy Cruiser laid down 1940

Displacement:
 20,903 t light; 21,760 t standard; 23,400 t normal; 24,712 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 738.00 ft / 738.00 ft x 71.00 ft x 26.50 ft (normal load)
 224.94 m / 224.94 m x 21.64 m  x 8.08 m

Armament:
      9 - 9.20" / 234 mm guns (3x3 guns), 389.34lbs / 176.60kg shells, 1940 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, majority forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
      16 - 4.70" / 119 mm guns (8x2 guns), 51.91lbs / 23.55kg shells, 1940 Model
   Dual purpose guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on side, all amidships
      48 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm guns (12x4 guns), 1.95lbs / 0.89kg shells, 1940 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts 
   on side, evenly spread
 Weight of broadside 4,428 lbs / 2,009 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 150
 16 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 5.00" / 127 mm 670.00 ft / 204.22 m 15.00 ft / 4.57 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 140 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  1.00" / 25 mm 670.00 ft / 204.22 m 25.00 ft / 7.62 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 6.00" / 152 mm 3.00" / 76 mm  6.00" / 152 mm
 2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm  2.00" / 51 mm
 3rd: 1.00" / 25 mm       -         -

   - Armour deck: 4.00" / 102 mm, Conning tower: 6.00" / 152 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 189,933 shp / 141,690 Kw = 36.00 kts
 Range 8,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 2,953 tons

Complement:
 945 - 1,229

Cost:
 £11.445 million / $45.781 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 554 tons, 2.4 %
 Armour: 6,680 tons, 28.5 %
    - Belts: 1,993 tons, 8.5 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 620 tons, 2.6 %
    - Armament: 1,035 tons, 4.4 %
    - Armour Deck: 2,927 tons, 12.5 %
    - Conning Tower: 106 tons, 0.5 %
 Machinery: 5,078 tons, 21.7 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 8,590 tons, 36.7 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,497 tons, 10.7 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   30,570 lbs / 13,866 Kg = 78.5 x 9.2 " / 234 mm shells or 3.5 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.12
 Metacentric height 3.7 ft / 1.1 m
 Roll period: 15.5 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 52 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.66
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.03

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has a flush deck
   and transom stern
 Block coefficient: 0.590
 Length to Beam Ratio: 10.39 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 30.63 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 59 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  33.00 ft / 10.06 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Mid (50 %):  25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Stern:  25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Average freeboard: 25.64 ft / 7.82 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 124.3 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 157.4 %
 Waterplane Area: 39,554 Square feet or 3,675 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 110 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 133 lbs/sq ft or 649 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.96
  - Longitudinal: 1.42
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

The GB/CA/1937 design

The main goal for the GB/CA/1937 design was to increase the maximum speed to 36 knots. The only other increase was to the secondary armament, which is now 16-4.7in DP guns. The ship is large enough where 8in guns are almost too small. This is the Springsharp report:

GB/CA/1937, Great Britain Heavy Cruiser laid down 1937

Displacement:
 18,661 t light; 19,434 t standard; 21,000 t normal; 22,253 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 714.00 ft / 714.00 ft x 70.00 ft x 26.50 ft (normal load)
 217.63 m / 217.63 m x 21.34 m  x 8.08 m

Armament:
      12 - 8.00" / 203 mm guns (4x3 guns), 256.00lbs / 116.12kg shells, 1937 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
      16 - 4.70" / 119 mm guns (8x2 guns), 51.91lbs / 23.55kg shells, 1937 Model
   Dual purpose guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on side, all amidships
      48 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm guns (12x4 guns), 1.95lbs / 0.89kg shells, 1937 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts 
   on side, evenly spread
 Weight of broadside 3,996 lbs / 1,813 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 150
 16 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 5.00" / 127 mm 660.00 ft / 201.17 m 5.00 ft / 1.52 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 142 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  1.00" / 25 mm 660.00 ft / 201.17 m 25.00 ft / 7.62 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 6.00" / 152 mm 3.00" / 76 mm  6.00" / 152 mm
 2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm  2.00" / 51 mm
 3rd: 1.00" / 25 mm       -         -

   - Armour deck: 4.00" / 102 mm, Conning tower: 6.00" / 152 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 176,963 shp / 132,014 Kw = 36.00 kts
 Range 8,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 2,820 tons

Complement:
 871 - 1,133

Cost:
 £9.597 million / $38.387 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 500 tons, 2.4 %
 Armour: 5,221 tons, 24.9 %
    - Belts: 652 tons, 3.1 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 611 tons, 2.9 %
    - Armament: 1,161 tons, 5.5 %
    - Armour Deck: 2,700 tons, 12.9 %
    - Conning Tower: 98 tons, 0.5 %
 Machinery: 4,905 tons, 23.4 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 8,035 tons, 38.3 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,339 tons, 11.1 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   25,896 lbs / 11,746 Kg = 101.2 x 8.0 " / 203 mm shells or 3.0 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.09
 Metacentric height 3.4 ft / 1.0 m
 Roll period: 15.9 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 52 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.69
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.03

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has a flush deck
   and transom stern
 Block coefficient: 0.555
 Length to Beam Ratio: 10.20 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 30.27 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 59 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  32.00 ft / 9.75 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Mid (50 %):  25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Stern:  25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Average freeboard: 25.56 ft / 7.79 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 132.5 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 155.5 %
 Waterplane Area: 36,486 Square feet or 3,390 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 110 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 132 lbs/sq ft or 644 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.96
  - Longitudinal: 1.51
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

The GB/CA/1935 design

The GB/CA/1935 design consolidates the progress made up to the previous design. The armour basis is now 5in and the range is 8,500nm at 15 knots. The maximum speed of 35 knots is competitive with the Japanese ships and probably is better, in that a larger ship with a higher freeboard will maintain its speed better in a seaway. This design can also hit harder than the Japanese, except for the torpedo situation. At least this design is said to be good for 3 torpedo hits, although perhaps of the 21in sort. This is the Springsharp report:

GB/CA/1935, Great Britain Heavy Cruiser laid down 1935

Displacement:
 17,212 t light; 17,931 t standard; 19,450 t normal; 20,665 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 694.00 ft / 694.00 ft x 68.00 ft x 25.00 ft (normal load)
 211.53 m / 211.53 m x 20.73 m  x 7.62 m

Armament:
      12 - 8.00" / 203 mm guns (4x3 guns), 256.00lbs / 116.12kg shells, 1935 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
      12 - 4.70" / 119 mm guns (6x2 guns), 51.91lbs / 23.55kg shells, 1935 Model
   Dual purpose guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on side, all amidships
      40 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm guns (10x4 guns), 1.95lbs / 0.89kg shells, 1935 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts 
   on side, evenly spread
 Weight of broadside 3,773 lbs / 1,711 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 150
 16 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 5.00" / 127 mm 640.00 ft / 195.07 m 5.00 ft / 1.52 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 142 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  1.00" / 25 mm 640.00 ft / 195.07 m 24.00 ft / 7.32 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 6.00" / 152 mm 3.00" / 76 mm  6.00" / 152 mm
 2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm  2.00" / 51 mm
 3rd: 1.00" / 25 mm       -         -

   - Armour deck: 4.00" / 102 mm, Conning tower: 6.00" / 152 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 154,269 shp / 115,084 Kw = 35.00 kts
 Range 8,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 2,735 tons

Complement:
 823 - 1,070

Cost:
 £8.207 million / $32.829 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 472 tons, 2.4 %
 Armour: 4,962 tons, 25.5 %
    - Belts: 633 tons, 3.3 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 568 tons, 2.9 %
    - Armament: 1,063 tons, 5.5 %
    - Armour Deck: 2,604 tons, 13.4 %
    - Conning Tower: 93 tons, 0.5 %
 Machinery: 4,383 tons, 22.5 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 7,396 tons, 38.0 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,238 tons, 11.5 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   24,658 lbs / 11,185 Kg = 96.3 x 8.0 " / 203 mm shells or 3.0 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.09
 Metacentric height 3.3 ft / 1.0 m
 Roll period: 15.7 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 51 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.69
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.02

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has a flush deck
   and transom stern
 Block coefficient: 0.577
 Length to Beam Ratio: 10.21 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 29.78 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 59 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  31.00 ft / 9.45 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
    - Mid (50 %):  24.00 ft / 7.32 m
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
    - Stern:  24.00 ft / 7.32 m
    - Average freeboard: 24.56 ft / 7.49 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 130.8 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 149.8 %
 Waterplane Area: 35,189 Square feet or 3,269 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 111 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 129 lbs/sq ft or 628 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.97
  - Longitudinal: 1.42
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

The GB/CA/1931 design

With the growth in the design series for the British heavy cruiser, I thought that the next obvious step would be to add a fourth triple-8in turret, bringing the main armament up to 12-8in BLR. I tried switching the 8in guns to QF, but Springsharp will not allow QF for 8in guns. Of course, in the 1890's, British armament manufacturers built 8in QF guns for use in Elswick cruisers. This is the Springsharp report:

GB/CA/1931, Great Britain Heavy Cruiser laid down 1931

Displacement:
 16,864 t light; 17,573 t standard; 18,950 t normal; 20,051 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 687.00 ft / 687.00 ft x 68.00 ft x 25.00 ft (normal load)
 209.40 m / 209.40 m x 20.73 m  x 7.62 m

Armament:
      12 - 8.00" / 203 mm guns (4x3 guns), 256.00lbs / 116.12kg shells, 1931 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
      12 - 4.70" / 119 mm guns (6x2 guns), 51.91lbs / 23.55kg shells, 1931 Model
   Dual purpose guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on side, all amidships
      40 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm guns (10x4 guns), 2.00lbs / 0.91kg shells, 1931 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts 
   on side, evenly spread
 Weight of broadside 3,775 lbs / 1,712 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 150
 16 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 640.00 ft / 195.07 m 5.00 ft / 1.52 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 143 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  1.00" / 25 mm 640.00 ft / 195.07 m 24.00 ft / 7.32 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 5.00" / 127 mm 3.00" / 76 mm  5.00" / 127 mm
 2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm  2.00" / 51 mm
 3rd: 1.00" / 25 mm       -         -

   - Armour deck: 4.00" / 102 mm, Conning tower: 5.00" / 127 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 151,776 shp / 113,225 Kw = 35.00 kts
 Range 7,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 2,478 tons

Complement:
 806 - 1,049

Cost:
 £7.077 million / $28.309 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 472 tons, 2.5 %
 Armour: 4,646 tons, 24.5 %
    - Belts: 505 tons, 2.7 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 568 tons, 3.0 %
    - Armament: 940 tons, 5.0 %
    - Armour Deck: 2,555 tons, 13.5 %
    - Conning Tower: 77 tons, 0.4 %
 Machinery: 4,539 tons, 24.0 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 7,208 tons, 38.0 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,086 tons, 11.0 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   22,983 lbs / 10,425 Kg = 89.8 x 8.0 " / 203 mm shells or 2.7 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.11
 Metacentric height 3.4 ft / 1.0 m
 Roll period: 15.5 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 51 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.69
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.02

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has a flush deck
   and transom stern
 Block coefficient: 0.568
 Length to Beam Ratio: 10.10 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 29.67 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 59 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  31.00 ft / 9.45 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
    - Mid (50 %):  24.00 ft / 7.32 m
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
    - Stern:  24.00 ft / 7.32 m
    - Average freeboard: 24.56 ft / 7.49 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 137.9 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 149.6 %
 Waterplane Area: 34,531 Square feet or 3,208 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 108 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 127 lbs/sq ft or 622 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.96
  - Longitudinal: 1.46
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

The GB/CA/1927 design

This generation of the design series is somewhat similar to the American Baltimore class. This design suffers from the overweight machinery used by Springsharp. In reality, the machinery should be lighter in weight for the power produced. I did not want to do that for this complete design series, however. The GB/CA/1927 generation mainly increases the speed to 35 knots, and has a secondary armament of 12-4.7in DP guns. The deck armour is also increased to 3.5in. This is the Springsharp report:

GB/CA/1927, Great Britain Heavy Cruiser laid down 1927

Displacement:
 15,789 t light; 16,405 t standard; 17,600 t normal; 18,556 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 674.10 ft / 672.00 ft x 64.00 ft x 25.00 ft (normal load)
 205.47 m / 204.83 m x 19.51 m  x 7.62 m

Armament:
      9 - 8.00" / 203 mm guns (3x3 guns), 256.00lbs / 116.12kg shells, 1927 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, majority forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
      12 - 4.70" / 119 mm guns (6x2 guns), 51.91lbs / 23.55kg shells, 1927 Model
   Dual purpose guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, all amidships
      32 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm guns (8x4 guns), 1.95lbs / 0.89kg shells, 1927 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts 
   on side, evenly spread
      4 - 0.00" / 0.0 mm guns in single mounts, 0.00lbs / 0.00kg shells, 1927 Model
   Breech loading guns in deck mount 
   on side, evenly spread
 Weight of broadside 2,989 lbs / 1,356 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 150
 16 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 600.00 ft / 182.88 m 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 137 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  1.00" / 25 mm 600.00 ft / 182.88 m 23.00 ft / 7.01 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 3.00" / 76 mm  4.00" / 102 mm
 2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm  2.00" / 51 mm

   - Armour deck: 3.50" / 89 mm, Conning tower: 4.00" / 102 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Direct drive, 4 shafts, 146,241 shp / 109,096 Kw = 35.00 kts
 Range 6,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 2,152 tons

Complement:
 763 - 993

Cost:
 £5.501 million / $22.004 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 374 tons, 2.1 %
 Armour: 4,491 tons, 25.5 %
    - Belts: 1,335 tons, 7.6 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 511 tons, 2.9 %
    - Armament: 519 tons, 2.9 %
    - Armour Deck: 2,068 tons, 11.8 %
    - Conning Tower: 58 tons, 0.3 %
 Machinery: 4,616 tons, 26.2 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 6,308 tons, 35.8 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,811 tons, 10.3 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   20,013 lbs / 9,078 Kg = 78.2 x 8.0 " / 203 mm shells or 2.3 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.16
 Metacentric height 3.4 ft / 1.0 m
 Roll period: 14.6 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 52 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.60
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.05

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has a flush deck
   and transom stern
 Block coefficient: 0.573
 Length to Beam Ratio: 10.50 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 29.25 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 60 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 4.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  30.00 ft / 9.14 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 23.00 ft / 7.01 m
    - Mid (67 %):  23.00 ft / 7.01 m
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 23.00 ft / 7.01 m
    - Stern:  23.00 ft / 7.01 m
    - Average freeboard: 23.56 ft / 7.18 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 148.2 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 136.4 %
 Waterplane Area: 31,944 Square feet or 2,968 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 105 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 118 lbs/sq ft or 574 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.96
  - Longitudinal: 1.50
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

The GB/CA/1923 design

The GB/CA/1923 design works quite well. The ship has a flush deck and a transom stern. The armament is almost the same as the 1921 ship, except that the light AA armament is now 32-2pdr AA. The belt is long enough to satisfy Springsharp, and is still 4in. The deck is increased to 3in. The maximum speed is now 34 knots, with the same 6,500nm range at 15 knots. This is the Springsharp report:

GB/CA/1923, Great Britain Heavy Cruiser laid down 1923

Displacement:
 15,013 t light; 15,591 t standard; 16,800 t normal; 17,767 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 657.03 ft / 655.00 ft x 64.00 ft x 23.00 ft (normal load)
 200.26 m / 199.64 m x 19.51 m  x 7.01 m

Armament:
      9 - 8.00" / 203 mm guns (3x3 guns), 256.00lbs / 116.12kg shells, 1923 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, majority forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
      8 - 4.70" / 119 mm guns (4x2 guns), 51.91lbs / 23.55kg shells, 1923 Model
   Dual purpose guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, all amidships
      32 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm guns (8x4 guns), 1.95lbs / 0.89kg shells, 1923 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts 
   on side, evenly spread
      4 - 0.00" / 0.0 mm guns in single mounts, 0.00lbs / 0.00kg shells, 1923 Model
   Breech loading guns in deck mount 
   on side, evenly spread
 Weight of broadside 2,782 lbs / 1,262 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 150
 16 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 640.00 ft / 195.07 m 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 150 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  1.00" / 25 mm 640.00 ft / 195.07 m 22.00 ft / 6.71 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 3.00" / 76 mm  4.00" / 102 mm
 2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm  2.00" / 51 mm

   - Armour deck: 3.00" / 76 mm, Conning tower: 4.00" / 102 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Direct drive, 4 shafts, 130,529 shp / 97,375 Kw = 34.00 kts
 Range 6,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 2,176 tons

Complement:
 737 - 959

Cost:
 £4.155 million / $16.620 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 348 tons, 2.1 %
 Armour: 4,258 tons, 25.3 %
    - Belts: 1,398 tons, 8.3 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 521 tons, 3.1 %
    - Armament: 492 tons, 2.9 %
    - Armour Deck: 1,790 tons, 10.7 %
    - Conning Tower: 57 tons, 0.3 %
 Machinery: 4,363 tons, 26.0 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 6,044 tons, 36.0 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,787 tons, 10.6 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   20,426 lbs / 9,265 Kg = 79.8 x 8.0 " / 203 mm shells or 2.4 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.19
 Metacentric height 3.5 ft / 1.1 m
 Roll period: 14.3 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 53 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.56
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.05

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has a flush deck
   and transom stern
 Block coefficient: 0.610
 Length to Beam Ratio: 10.23 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 28.84 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 60 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 4.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  29.00 ft / 8.84 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 23.00 ft / 7.01 m
    - Mid (67 %):  23.00 ft / 7.01 m
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 23.00 ft / 7.01 m
    - Stern:  23.00 ft / 7.01 m
    - Average freeboard: 23.48 ft / 7.16 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 146.4 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 141.3 %
 Waterplane Area: 32,256 Square feet or 2,997 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 107 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 115 lbs/sq ft or 564 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.96
  - Longitudinal: 1.45
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

The GB/CA/1921 design

I was greatly tempted to switch to light weight machinery, but I did not want to alter the series that way. I probably will try a new series with light weight machinery, to demonstrate the radical difference that I know it makes. The GB/CA/1921 does have a flush deck and triple 8in turrets, along with dual-purpose 4.7in guns. The speed is now 33 knots. The armour basis is still 4in and the deck is 2in. This is the Springsharp report:

GB/CA/1921, Great Britain Heavy Cruiser laid down 1921

Displacement:
 13,824 t light; 14,377 t standard; 15,600 t normal; 16,579 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 627.03 ft / 625.00 ft x 63.00 ft x 23.00 ft (normal load)
 191.12 m / 190.50 m x 19.20 m  x 7.01 m

Armament:
      9 - 8.00" / 203 mm guns (3x3 guns), 256.00lbs / 116.12kg shells, 1921 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, majority forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
      8 - 4.70" / 119 mm guns (4x2 guns), 51.91lbs / 23.55kg shells, 1921 Model
   Dual purpose guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, all amidships
      24 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm guns (6x4 guns), 2.00lbs / 0.91kg shells, 1921 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts 
   on side, evenly spread
      4 - 0.00" / 0.0 mm guns in single mounts, 0.00lbs / 0.00kg shells, 1921 Model
   Breech loading guns in deck mount 
   on side, evenly spread
 Weight of broadside 2,767 lbs / 1,255 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 150
 16 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 590.00 ft / 179.83 m 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 145 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  1.00" / 25 mm 590.00 ft / 179.83 m 22.00 ft / 6.71 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 3.00" / 76 mm  4.00" / 102 mm
 2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm  2.00" / 51 mm

   - Armour deck: 2.00" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 4.00" / 102 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Direct drive, 4 shafts, 129,200 shp / 96,383 Kw = 33.00 kts
 Range 6,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 2,202 tons

Complement:
 697 - 907

Cost:
 £3.556 million / $14.226 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 346 tons, 2.2 %
 Armour: 3,397 tons, 21.8 %
    - Belts: 1,303 tons, 8.4 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 480 tons, 3.1 %
    - Armament: 492 tons, 3.2 %
    - Armour Deck: 1,068 tons, 6.8 %
    - Conning Tower: 54 tons, 0.3 %
 Machinery: 4,449 tons, 28.5 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 5,632 tons, 36.1 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,776 tons, 11.4 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   15,545 lbs / 7,051 Kg = 60.7 x 8.0 " / 203 mm shells or 2.0 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.19
 Metacentric height 3.4 ft / 1.0 m
 Roll period: 14.3 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 55 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.61
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.10

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has a flush deck
 Block coefficient: 0.603
 Length to Beam Ratio: 9.92 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 25.00 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 60 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 4.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  29.00 ft / 8.84 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 23.00 ft / 7.01 m
    - Mid (67 %):  23.00 ft / 7.01 m
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 23.00 ft / 7.01 m
    - Stern:  23.00 ft / 7.01 m
    - Average freeboard: 23.48 ft / 7.16 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 161.0 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 130.7 %
 Waterplane Area: 28,876 Square feet or 2,683 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 104 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 115 lbs/sq ft or 561 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.95
  - Longitudinal: 1.59
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent