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Wednesday, April 16, 2008

My early concept for a large German battleship: the Ger/BB/1940

When I was young and had not seen the specifications for the German battleship Bismarck, I had my own concept for what the ship would be like. It would be at least 900ft long and have 16in guns. Ten guns seemed like a good number, although I should have known that the Bismarck had only eight large guns. This is my attempt at recreating my original design concept:
Ger/BB/1940, Germany Battleship laid down 1940

Displacement:
 63,666 t light; 67,025 t standard; 73,315 t normal; 78,347 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
 (934.70 ft / 920.00 ft) x 130.00 ft x (35.00 / 36.99 ft)
 (284.90 m / 280.42 m) x 39.62 m  x (10.67 / 11.27 m)

Armament:
      10 - 16.00" / 406 mm 45.0 cal guns - 2,065.00lbs / 936.67kg shells, 150 per gun
   Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1940 Model
   2 x Triple mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
   2 x Twin mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
  2 raised mounts
      12 - 6.00" / 152 mm 55.0 cal guns - 115.00lbs / 52.16kg shells, 150 per gun
   Quick firing guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1940 Model
   6 x Twin mounts on sides, forward deck aft
      16 - 4.10" / 104 mm 55.0 cal guns - 37.20lbs / 16.87kg shells, 150 per gun
   Anti-air guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1940 Model
   8 x Twin mounts on sides, aft deck forward
  8 raised mounts
      48 - 1.46" / 37.0 mm 60.0 cal guns - 1.69lbs / 0.77kg shells, 150 per gun
   Anti-air guns in deck mounts, 1940 Model
   24 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
  16 raised mounts
      Weight of broadside 22,706 lbs / 10,299 kg

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 16.0" / 406 mm 610.00 ft / 185.93 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
 Ends: 6.00" / 152 mm 310.00 ft / 94.49 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
   Main Belt covers 102 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  6.00" / 152 mm 610.00 ft / 185.93 m 35.00 ft / 10.67 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 16.0" / 406 mm 12.0" / 305 mm  16.0" / 406 mm
 2nd: 6.00" / 152 mm 4.00" / 102 mm  6.00" / 152 mm

   - Armoured deck - multiple decks: 6.00" / 152 mm For and Aft decks
 Forecastle: 6.00" / 152 mm  Quarter deck: 6.00" / 152 mm

   - Conning towers: Forward 16.00" / 406 mm,  Aft 0.00" / 0 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 208,569 shp / 155,592 Kw = 30.00 kts
 Range 12,000nm at 17.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 11,322 tons

Complement:
 2,227 - 2,896

Cost:
 £31.038 million / $124.154 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 3,929 tons, 5.4 %
 Armour: 29,117 tons, 39.7 %
    - Belts: 7,807 tons, 10.6 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 4,740 tons, 6.5 %
    - Armament: 6,058 tons, 8.3 %
    - Armour Deck: 9,908 tons, 13.5 %
    - Conning Tower: 604 tons, 0.8 %
 Machinery: 5,577 tons, 7.6 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 25,044 tons, 34.2 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 9,648 tons, 13.2 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   147,419 lbs / 66,868 Kg = 72.0 x 16.0 " / 406 mm shells or 35.3 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.25
 Metacentric height 11.2 ft / 3.4 m
 Roll period: 16.3 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 63 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.41
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.27

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has a flush deck,
   an extended bulbous bow and a cruiser stern
 Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.613 / 0.620
 Length to Beam Ratio: 7.08 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 30.33 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 50 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 17.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 4.00 ft / 1.22 m
 Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
    Fore end,  Aft end
    - Forecastle: 20.00 %,  35.00 ft / 10.67 m,  29.00 ft / 8.84 m
    - Forward deck: 30.00 %,  29.00 ft / 8.84 m,  26.00 ft / 7.92 m
    - Aft deck: 35.00 %,  26.00 ft / 7.92 m,  25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Quarter deck: 15.00 %,  25.00 ft / 7.62 m,  26.00 ft / 7.92 m
    - Average freeboard:  27.28 ft / 8.31 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 62.7 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 200.1 %
 Waterplane Area: 88,540 Square feet or 8,226 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 120 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 222 lbs/sq ft or 1,082 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.98
  - Longitudinal: 1.14
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

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