It/CA/1897, Italy Armoured Cruiser laid down 1897 (Engine 1904) Displacement: 8,028 t light; 8,405 t standard; 9,073 t normal; 9,608 t full load Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep) (354.00 ft / 345.00 ft) x 60.00 ft x (23.00 / 24.16 ft) (107.90 m / 105.16 m) x 18.29 m x (7.01 / 7.36 m) Armament: 2 - 10.00" / 254 mm 45.0 cal guns - 504.26lbs / 228.73kg shells, 90 per gun Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1897 Model 2 x Single mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread 14 - 6.00" / 152 mm 50.0 cal guns - 114.33lbs / 51.86kg shells, 150 per gun Quick firing guns in casemate mounts, 1897 Model 10 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread 10 hull mounts in casemates- Limited use in all but light seas 4 x Single mounts layout not set 10 - 3.00" / 76.2 mm 45.0 cal guns - 13.62lbs / 6.18kg shells, 150 per gun Quick firing guns in deck mounts, 1897 Model 10 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread 10 raised mounts Weight of broadside 2,745 lbs / 1,245 kg Main Torpedoes 4 - 18.0" / 457 mm, 19.00 ft / 5.79 m torpedoes - 0.618 t each, 2.471 t total In 4 sets of deck mounted carriage/fixed tubes Armour: - Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg) Main: 6.00" / 152 mm 200.00 ft / 60.96 m 25.00 ft / 7.62 m Ends: 4.50" / 114 mm 145.00 ft / 44.20 m 9.00 ft / 2.74 m Main Belt covers 89 % of normal length Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces - Torpedo Bulkhead - Additional damage containing bulkheads: 1.00" / 25 mm 200.00 ft / 60.96 m 23.00 ft / 7.01 m Beam between torpedo bulkheads 43.00 ft / 13.11 m - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max) Main: 6.00" / 152 mm 4.00" / 102 mm 6.00" / 152 mm 2nd: 4.00" / 102 mm 4.00" / 102 mm 4.00" / 102 mm 3rd: 1.00" / 25 mm - - - Protected deck - single deck: For and Aft decks: 2.00" / 51 mm Forecastle: 2.00" / 51 mm Quarter deck: 2.00" / 51 mm - Conning towers: Forward 6.00" / 152 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm Machinery: Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines, Direct drive, 2 shafts, 17,193 ihp / 12,826 Kw = 20.00 kts Range 3,500nm at 12.00 kts Bunker at max displacement = 1,203 tons (100% coal) Complement: 464 - 604 Cost: £0.820 million / $3.280 million Distribution of weights at normal displacement: Armament: 612 tons, 6.7 % - Guns: 609 tons, 6.7 % - Weapons: 3 tons, 0.0 % Armour: 2,895 tons, 31.9 % - Belts: 1,602 tons, 17.7 % - Torpedo bulkhead: 170 tons, 1.9 % - Armament: 466 tons, 5.1 % - Armour Deck: 600 tons, 6.6 % - Conning Tower: 56 tons, 0.6 % Machinery: 2,528 tons, 27.9 % Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,993 tons, 22.0 % Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,045 tons, 11.5 % Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 % Overall survivability and seakeeping ability: Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship): 8,570 lbs / 3,887 Kg = 17.1 x 10.0 " / 254 mm shells or 3.0 torpedoes Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.48 Metacentric height 4.6 ft / 1.4 m Roll period: 11.8 seconds Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 71 % - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.33 Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.33 Hull form characteristics: Hull has a flush deck, a ram bow and a cruiser stern Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.667 / 0.672 Length to Beam Ratio: 5.75 : 1 'Natural speed' for length: 18.57 kts Power going to wave formation at top speed: 59 % Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 53 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -7.00 degrees Stern overhang: -3.00 ft / -0.91 m Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length): Fore end, Aft end - Forecastle: 20.00 %, 19.00 ft / 5.79 m, 18.00 ft / 5.49 m - Forward deck: 30.00 %, 18.00 ft / 5.49 m, 17.00 ft / 5.18 m - Aft deck: 30.00 %, 17.00 ft / 5.18 m, 17.00 ft / 5.18 m - Quarter deck: 20.00 %, 17.00 ft / 5.18 m, 18.00 ft / 5.49 m - Average freeboard: 17.53 ft / 5.34 m Ship tends to be wet forward Ship space, strength and comments: Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 153.3 % - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 113.2 % Waterplane Area: 16,105 Square feet or 1,496 Square metres Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 93 % Structure weight / hull surface area: 96 lbs/sq ft or 469 Kg/sq metre Hull strength (Relative): - Cross-sectional: 0.90 - Longitudinal: 2.63 - Overall: 1.00 Cramped machinery, storage, compartmentation space Adequate accommodation and workspace room Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
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Sunday, July 06, 2008
My attempt at an Italian armoured cruiser: It/CA/1897
I am interested in the Spanish cruiser Cristobal Colon, lost at the Battle of Santiago Bay in 1898. The Cristobal Colon was Italian-built along the lines of a series of armoured cruisers. My It/CA/1897 has 2-10in/45, 14-6in/50 QF, and 10-3in QF guns. The armour basis is 6in and the deck is 2in. The speed is a modest 20 knots. I struggled with the Springsharp 3.0 Beta 3, as I kept having "NaN" (not a number). The problem was that I had missed some settings. Once I had found all the places, then I had a workable design. I had to greatly increase the displacement and lighten the machinery for the power. This is the Springsharp report:
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