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Thursday, February 01, 2007

An anachronistic Hector, after the 1862 ironclad battleship

The next ship I will try as an anachronistic Springsharp design is the Hector, from 1862. the Defence, built in 1861. My Hector design has dimensions of 298ft x 56ft x 25ft and had a displacement of 6,710 tons. The armament in 1867 was 2-8in MLR and 16-7in MLR. An anchronistic armament for the Hector would consist of 2-6.5in/45, 16-5.5in/50 guns. The armour basis would be 4.5in, with the ends armoured a with 2.5in belt. I will extend that will deck, torpedo bulkhead and turret and casemate armour. In this case, the 6.5in guns will be in a single twin turret mounted forward. Another 6 5.5in guns would be in twin turrets, also mounted on the center line. the remaining 10-5.5in guns would be in casemates, at the level below the upper deck. The Springsharp design required some changes. I had to increase the dates by one year. I adjusted the speed and range to get a combination of adequate strength and seakeeping. This is the Springsharp report:
Hector, anachronistic version, Great Britain Armoured Cruiser laid down 1908

Displacement:
 5,703 t light; 5,991 t standard; 6,710 t normal; 7,285 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 301.10 ft / 298.00 ft x 56.00 ft x 25.00 ft (normal load)
 91.78 m / 90.83 m x 17.07 m  x 7.62 m

Armament:
      2 - 6.50" / 165 mm guns (1x2 guns), 137.31lbs / 62.28kg shells, 1908 Model
   Breech loading guns in a turret (on a barbette)
   on centreline forward
      6 - 5.50" / 140 mm guns (3x2 guns), 83.19lbs / 37.73kg shells, 1908 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, majority aft, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
      10 - 5.50" / 140 mm guns in single mounts, 83.19lbs / 37.73kg shells, 1908 Model
   Breech loading guns in casemate mounts 
   on side, evenly spread
   10 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
 Weight of broadside 1,606 lbs / 728 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 150

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 4.50" / 114 mm 235.00 ft / 71.63 m 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
 Ends: 2.50" / 64 mm   63.00 ft / 19.20 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
   Main Belt covers 121 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  1.00" / 25 mm 235.00 ft / 71.63 m 25.00 ft / 7.62 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 4.50" / 114 mm 3.00" / 76 mm  4.50" / 114 mm
 2nd: 4.50" / 114 mm 3.00" / 76 mm  4.50" / 114 mm
 3rd: 3.00" / 76 mm 3.00" / 76 mm  3.00" / 76 mm

   - Armour deck: 1.00" / 25 mm, Conning tower: 4.50" / 114 mm

Machinery:
 Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines, 
 Direct drive, 2 shafts, 18,078 ihp / 13,487 Kw = 21.00 kts
 Range 4,900nm at 12.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 1,295 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
 369 - 481

Cost:
 £0.598 million / $2.393 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 201 tons, 3.0 %
 Armour: 2,025 tons, 30.2 %
    - Belts: 1,166 tons, 17.4 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 217 tons, 3.2 %
    - Armament: 390 tons, 5.8 %
    - Armour Deck: 218 tons, 3.3 %
    - Conning Tower: 34 tons, 0.5 %
 Machinery: 1,643 tons, 24.5 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,833 tons, 27.3 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,007 tons, 15.0 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   6,171 lbs / 2,799 Kg = 44.9 x 6.5 " / 165 mm shells or 1.3 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.11
 Metacentric height 2.6 ft / 0.8 m
 Roll period: 14.7 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 65 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.45
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.07

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has a flush deck
 Block coefficient: 0.563
 Length to Beam Ratio: 5.32 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 17.26 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 63 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 61
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 3.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 2.00 ft / 0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  21.00 ft / 6.40 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
    - Mid (50 %):  17.00 ft / 5.18 m
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
    - Stern:  17.00 ft / 5.18 m
    - Average freeboard: 17.32 ft / 5.28 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 160.4 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 103.4 %
 Waterplane Area: 11,788 Square feet or 1,095 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 97 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 93 lbs/sq ft or 454 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.87
  - Longitudinal: 3.78
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate

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