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Thursday, April 07, 2005

An abnormally large light cruiser: US/CL/1941 Large

I have what I consider to be an abnormally large, fast light cruiser design: US/CL/1941 Large. The design is intended to complement the very large battleships, battlecruisers, and heavy cruisers. I have gone to a larger caliber gun (the 17cm 6.7in gun). Otherwise, the armament is similar to that on the heavy cruisers. This ship design carries 15-6.7in guns and has a top speed of 36 knots. It takes a large ship to do all of this, and to carry good armor. Its normal displacement is about 25,000 tons. This is the Springsharp report:
US/CL/1941 Large, United States Light Cruiser laid down 1941 (Engine 1945)

Displacement:
 21,829 t light; 22,699 t standard; 25,027 t normal; 26,890 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 718.89 ft / 715.00 ft x 78.00 ft (Bulges 80.00 ft) x 31.00 ft (normal load)
 219.12 m / 217.93 m x 23.77 m (Bulges 24.38 m)  x 9.45 m

Armament:
      15 - 6.69" / 170 mm guns (5x3 guns), 149.90lbs / 68.00kg shells, 1941 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, majority forward, all raised mounts - superfiring
      16 - 5.10" / 130 mm guns (8x2 guns), 66.33lbs / 30.08kg shells, 1941 Model
   Dual purpose guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
      56 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm guns (14x4 guns), 1.95lbs / 0.89kg shells, 1941 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts 
   on side ends, evenly spread, all raised mounts - superfiring
 Weight of broadside 3,419 lbs / 1,551 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 180

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 6.00" / 152 mm 520.00 ft / 158.50 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 112 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Torpedo Bulkhead and Bulges:
  1.50" / 38 mm 520.00 ft / 158.50 m 24.00 ft / 7.32 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 7.00" / 178 mm 4.00" / 102 mm  6.00" / 152 mm
 2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm       -         -

   - Armour deck: 4.00" / 102 mm, Conning tower: 6.00" / 152 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 224,960 shp / 167,820 Kw = 36.00 kts
 Range 12,000nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 4,190 tons

Complement:
 994 - 1,293

Cost:
 £11.859 million / $47.435 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 427 tons, 1.7 %
 Armour: 6,747 tons, 27.0 %
    - Belts: 2,055 tons, 8.2 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 693 tons, 2.8 %
    - Armament: 1,154 tons, 4.6 %
    - Armour Deck: 2,735 tons, 10.9 %
    - Conning Tower: 111 tons, 0.4 %
 Machinery: 5,681 tons, 22.7 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 8,974 tons, 35.9 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,198 tons, 12.8 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   31,166 lbs / 14,136 Kg = 207.9 x 6.7 " / 170 mm shells or 3.9 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.09
 Metacentric height 4.1 ft / 1.2 m
 Roll period: 16.6 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 52 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.45
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.03

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has a flush deck
 Block coefficient: 0.494
 Length to Beam Ratio: 8.94 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 26.74 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 60 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 3.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 2.00 ft / 0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  36.00 ft / 10.97 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
    - Mid (50 %):  26.00 ft / 7.92 m
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
    - Stern:  26.00 ft / 7.92 m
    - Average freeboard: 26.80 ft / 8.17 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 118.0 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 184.1 %
 Waterplane Area: 36,957 Square feet or 3,433 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 116 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 141 lbs/sq ft or 689 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.94
  - Longitudinal: 1.66
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

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