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Saturday, April 23, 2005

Springsharp just can't handle certain ships well

I tried to see if I could get a good Springsharp design for a 1914 updated version of the Ger/CS/1905. I wanted pretty much the same dimensions and 37 knots. I also wanted a larger patch of 2in armor. As usual, there is an abnormal draft, as that is what is needed to get adequate strength in Springsharp, even for a small vessel. I would be interested to see what I could do with my program. I have done calculations for British destroyer-type vessels of about 1914, and if you do the hull weight calculation, the numbers are typically something like 3.0 or 3.1 x 10^-3. The equation for this is:
Hull weight = Factor x 10-^3 x length x beam x hull depth
This is my Springsharp report for what I would consider a failed design, although it sort of "works":
Ger/CS/1914, Germany Scout Cruiser laid down 1914 (Engine 1945)

Displacement:
 2,761 t light; 2,855 t standard; 2,952 t normal; 3,029 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 372.84 ft / 372.00 ft x 38.00 ft x 21.00 ft (normal load)
 113.64 m / 113.39 m x 11.58 m  x 6.40 m

Armament:
     5 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns in single mounts, 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1914 Model
   Breech loading guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on centreline ends, majority forward, all raised mounts - superfiring
 Weight of broadside 313 lbs / 142 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 200
 4 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
  - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 2.00" / 51 mm 220.00 ft / 67.06 m 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 91 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

  - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 1.00" / 25 mm       -         -

  - Conning tower: 1.00" / 25 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 84,984 shp / 63,398 Kw = 37.00 kts
 Range 2,500nm at 12.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 174 tons

Complement:
 199 - 260

Cost:
 £0.478 million / $1.912 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 39 tons, 1.3 %
 Armour: 203 tons, 6.9 %
    - Belts: 184 tons, 6.2 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
    - Armament: 14 tons, 0.5 %
    - Armour Deck: 0 tons, 0.0 %
    - Conning Tower: 4 tons, 0.2 %
 Machinery: 1,757 tons, 59.5 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 762 tons, 25.8 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 190 tons, 6.4 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   503 lbs / 228 Kg = 8.0 x 5.0 " / 127 mm shells or 0.3 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.34
 Metacentric height 2.0 ft / 0.6 m
 Roll period: 11.4 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 52 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.40
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.04

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.348
 Length to Beam Ratio: 9.79 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 19.29 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 68 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 2.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  24.00 ft / 7.32 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 22.00 ft / 6.71 m
    - Mid (30 %):  22.00 ft / 6.71 m (15.00 ft / 4.57 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 15.00 ft / 4.57 m
    - Stern:  15.00 ft / 4.57 m
    - Average freeboard: 17.26 ft / 5.26 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 202.4 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 106.3 %
 Waterplane Area: 8,584 Square feet or 798 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 61 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 39 lbs/sq ft or 188 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.43
  - Longitudinal: 2.81
  - Overall: 0.52
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is extremely poor
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate

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