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Monday, June 25, 2007

My 1914 American light cruiser concept

I had this concept for an American light cruiser, rather similar to the British slower, longer-range ships from the immediate pre-1914 period. One difference is that my American ship would incorporate superfiring guns and a higher speed. The guns are also only 5in/51, not 6in/45 or 50. My design requires oil fuel, which is not that far removed from reality for a ship laid down in 1914. My ship has 9-5in/51 QF guns with 4-21in TT. The armour basis is 4in with a 2in deck. I tried an anti-torpedo bulkhead, but that seems to have not made much difference, except to require more size. This is the Springsharp 3.0b2 Beta report:
US/CL/1914, United States Light Cruiser laid down 1914

Displacement:
 4,988 t light; 5,159 t standard; 5,863 t normal; 6,426 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
 (479.10 ft / 475.00 ft) x 50.00 ft x (16.00 / 17.20 ft)
 (146.03 m / 144.78 m) x 15.24 m  x (4.88 / 5.24 m)

Armament:
      9 - 5.00" / 127 mm 51.0 cal guns - 65.00lbs / 29.48kg shells, 150 per gun
   Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1914 Model
   5 x Single mounts on centreline ends, majority aft
  2 raised mounts - superfiring
   4 x Single mounts on sides, aft deck forward
      Weight of broadside 585 lbs / 265 kg
      4 - 21.0" / 533 mm, 20.00 ft / 6.10 m torpedoes - 1.279 t each, 5.116 t total
 In 4 sets of deck mounted side rotating tubes

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 360.00 ft / 109.73 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
 Upper: 3.00" / 76 mm 240.00 ft / 73.15 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
   Main Belt covers 117 % of normal length

   - Protected deck - single deck: 2.00" / 51 mm For and Aft decks

   - Conning towers: Forward 4.00" / 102 mm,  Aft 0.00" / 0 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Direct drive, 2 shafts, 45,896 shp / 34,238 Kw = 29.00 kts
 Range 5,400nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 1,266 tons

Complement:
 334 - 435

Cost:
 £0.619 million / $2.478 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 188 tons, 3.2 %
    - Guns: 183 tons, 3.1 %
    - Torpedoes: 5 tons, 0.1 %
 Armour: 1,218 tons, 20.8 %
    - Belts: 713 tons, 12.2 %
    - Armour Deck: 477 tons, 8.1 %
    - Conning Tower: 28 tons, 0.5 %
 Machinery: 1,768 tons, 30.2 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,815 tons, 31.0 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 875 tons, 14.9 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   6,230 lbs / 2,826 Kg = 99.7 x 5.0 " / 127 mm shells or 1.1 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.34
 Metacentric height 3.0 ft / 0.9 m
 Roll period: 12.2 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 50 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.20
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.01

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak,
   a normal bow and a cruiser stern
 Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.540 / 0.551
 Length to Beam Ratio: 9.50 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 21.79 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 58 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 5.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 2.00 ft / 0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
    Fore end,  Aft end
    - Forecastle: 20.00 %,  24.00 ft / 7.32 m,  21.00 ft / 6.40 m
    - Forward deck: 17.00 %,  21.00 ft / 6.40 m,  20.00 ft / 6.10 m
    - Aft deck: 44.00 %,  12.00 ft / 3.66 m,  12.00 ft / 3.66 m
    - Quarter deck: 19.00 %,  12.00 ft / 3.66 m,  13.00 ft / 3.96 m
    - Average freeboard:  15.58 ft / 4.75 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 108.2 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 131.8 %
 Waterplane Area: 16,420 Square feet or 1,526 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 109 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 76 lbs/sq ft or 369 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.98
  - Longitudinal: 1.19
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

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