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Friday, April 14, 2006

The F/CL/1937 design

The goal of the modest improvements in the F/CL/1937 design was to improve the torpedo protection. That was successful, so that the ship can take 2 torpedo hits. The freeboard was also increased to improve seakeeping. A slight increase in length also helped seakeeping, as that is one strategy to use in Springsharp. The torpedo bulkhead was thickened to 1.25in, and that was sufficient. This is the Springsharp report:
F/CL/1937, France Light Cruiser laid down 1937 (Engine 1941)

Displacement:
 11,377 t light; 11,757 t standard; 12,800 t normal; 13,634 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 670.71 ft / 665.00 ft x 61.00 ft x 19.00 ft (normal load)
 204.43 m / 202.69 m x 18.59 m  x 5.79 m

Armament:
      12 - 6.10" / 155 mm guns (4x3 guns), 113.62lbs / 51.54kg shells, 1937 Model
   Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
      12 - 3.54" / 90.0 mm guns (6x2 guns), 22.24lbs / 10.09kg shells, 1937 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
      32 - 1.85" / 47.0 mm guns (16x2 guns), 3.17lbs / 1.44kg shells, 1937 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, all amidships, 12 raised mounts - superfiring
 Weight of broadside 1,732 lbs / 786 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 120
 8 - 21.7" / 549.9999 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 3.00" / 76 mm 440.00 ft / 134.11 m 12.00 ft / 3.66 m
 Ends: 2.00" / 51 mm 160.00 ft / 48.77 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
   65.00 ft / 19.81 m Unarmoured ends
   Main Belt covers 102 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  1.25" / 32 mm 440.00 ft / 134.11 m 18.00 ft / 5.49 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 3.00" / 76 mm 2.00" / 51 mm  3.00" / 76 mm
 2nd: 1.00" / 25 mm 1.00" / 25 mm  1.00" / 25 mm

   - Armour deck: 2.00" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 3.00" / 76 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 2 shafts, 138,645 shp / 103,429 Kw = 35.00 kts
 Range 7,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 1,877 tons

Complement:
 601 - 782

Cost:
 £5.962 million / $23.847 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 216 tons, 1.7 %
 Armour: 2,368 tons, 18.5 %
    - Belts: 749 tons, 5.9 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 366 tons, 2.9 %
    - Armament: 138 tons, 1.1 %
    - Armour Deck: 1,079 tons, 8.4 %
    - Conning Tower: 35 tons, 0.3 %
 Machinery: 3,664 tons, 28.6 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 5,129 tons, 40.1 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,423 tons, 11.1 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   15,793 lbs / 7,163 Kg = 139.0 x 6.1 " / 155 mm shells or 2.0 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.25
 Metacentric height 3.6 ft / 1.1 m
 Roll period: 13.6 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 56 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.46
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.12

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.581
 Length to Beam Ratio: 10.90 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 25.79 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 59 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 5.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 3.00 ft / 0.91 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  31.00 ft / 9.45 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Mid (67 %):  25.00 ft / 7.62 m (17.00 ft / 5.18 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
    - Stern:  17.00 ft / 5.18 m
    - Average freeboard: 22.84 ft / 6.96 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 157.8 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 180.1 %
 Waterplane Area: 29,153 Square feet or 2,708 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 112 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 106 lbs/sq ft or 518 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.97
  - Longitudinal: 1.35
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

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