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Sunday, October 15, 2006

The lightly-armed battleship design from 1902

Along with the heavily-armed battleship design from the senior officers' course in 1902, John Roberts has a less complete description of the lightly-armed battleship design, which was the alternative to the former. Naturally, I wanted to try that ship in Springsharp, as well. I had less to go on, but I made an attempt, anyway. This is the Springsharp report:
GB/BB/1902 Lighly Armed, Great Britain Battleship laid down 1902

Displacement:
 13,513 t light; 14,055 t standard; 15,961 t normal; 17,485 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 490.00 ft / 490.00 ft x 78.00 ft x 24.00 ft (normal load)
 149.35 m / 149.35 m x 23.77 m  x 7.32 m

Armament:
      4 - 10.00" / 254 mm guns (2x2 guns), 500.00lbs / 226.80kg shells, 1902 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, evenly spread
      16 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1902 Model
   Quick firing guns in casemate mounts 
   on side, all amidships
   12 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
 Weight of broadside 3,728 lbs / 1,691 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 100

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 6.00" / 152 mm 370.00 ft / 112.78 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
 Ends: 5.00" / 127 mm 120.00 ft / 36.58 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
 Upper: 5.00" / 127 mm 370.00 ft / 112.78 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
   Main Belt covers 116 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  1.50" / 38 mm 370.00 ft / 112.78 m 24.00 ft / 7.32 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 9.50" / 241 mm 6.00" / 152 mm  9.50" / 241 mm
 2nd: 5.00" / 127 mm 5.00" / 127 mm  5.00" / 127 mm

   - Armour deck: 1.50" / 38 mm, Conning tower: 9.50" / 241 mm

Machinery:
 Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines, 
 Direct drive, 2 shafts, 30,225 ihp / 22,548 Kw = 22.00 kts
 Range 4,200nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 3,430 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
 709 - 923

Cost:
 £1.506 million / $6.022 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 466 tons, 2.9 %
 Armour: 3,820 tons, 23.9 %
    - Belts: 1,558 tons, 9.8 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 493 tons, 3.1 %
    - Armament: 857 tons, 5.4 %
    - Armour Deck: 782 tons, 4.9 %
    - Conning Tower: 130 tons, 0.8 %
 Machinery: 4,580 tons, 28.7 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 4,647 tons, 29.1 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,448 tons, 15.3 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   14,027 lbs / 6,362 Kg = 28.1 x 10.0 " / 254 mm shells or 2.1 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.49
 Metacentric height 6.8 ft / 2.1 m
 Roll period: 12.6 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 75 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.22
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.50

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has a flush deck
 Block coefficient: 0.609
 Length to Beam Ratio: 6.28 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 22.14 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 51 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -2.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  22.00 ft / 6.71 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
    - Mid (50 %):  18.00 ft / 5.49 m
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
    - Stern:  18.00 ft / 5.49 m
    - Average freeboard: 18.32 ft / 5.58 m
 Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 154.7 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 136.3 %
 Waterplane Area: 28,189 Square feet or 2,619 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 96 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 116 lbs/sq ft or 568 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.95
  - Longitudinal: 1.58
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
 Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

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