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Tuesday, March 13, 2007

A weird, anachronistic CSS Virginia

This is my rather weird CSS Virginia design, which is, of course, anachronistic. The hull is flush-decked and there is a single funnel. All guns are in twin turrets, except that the 2-3in QF are in a twin mount, mounted on the superstructure. The belt and turrets are 4in witha 2in deck. I included a 1in torpedo bulkhead. I had to lower the freeboard, increase the range and speed, to achieve adequate stability and acceptable recoil effects. This is the Springsharp report:
CSS Virginia-anachronistic, Confederate States of America Armoured Ship laid down 1907 (Engine 1909)

Displacement:
 3,258 t light; 3,422 t standard; 4,006 t normal; 4,473 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
 (284.00 ft / 275.00 ft) x 38.50 ft x (22.00 / 24.11 ft)
 (86.56 m / 83.82 m) x 11.73 m  x (6.71 / 7.35 m)

Armament:
      2 - 7.00" / 178 mm 45.0 cal guns - 170.00lbs / 77.11kg shells, 150 per gun
   Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mount , 1907 Model
   1 x Triple mount on centreline, forward deck forward
      2 - 6.40" / 163 mm 45.0 cal guns - 132.00lbs / 59.87kg shells, 150 per gun
   Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mount , 1907 Model
   1 x Twin mount on centreline, aft deck aft
      6 - 5.10" / 130 mm 45.0 cal guns - 65.00lbs / 29.48kg shells, 150 per gun
   Quick firing guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1907 Model
   6 x Triple mounts on sides, forward deck aft
      2 - 3.00" / 76.2 mm 45.0 cal guns - 12.00lbs / 5.44kg shells, 150 per gun
   Quick firing guns in deck and hoist mount , 1907 Model
   1 x Single mount on centreline, aft deck forward
  1 raised mount
 Weight of broadside 1,018 lbs / 1,018 kg

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 275.00 ft / 83.82 m 12.00 ft / 3.66 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 154 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  1.00" / 25 mm 190.00 ft / 57.91 m 22.00 ft / 6.71 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 3.00" / 76 mm  4.00" / 102 mm
 2nd: 4.00" / 102 mm 3.00" / 76 mm  4.00" / 102 mm
 3rd: 4.00" / 102 mm 3.00" / 76 mm  4.00" / 102 mm
 4th: 2.00" / 51 mm 1.00" / 25 mm  2.00" / 51 mm

   - Armour deck: 2.00" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 4.00" / 102 mm

Machinery:
 Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines, 
 Direct drive, 2 shafts, 8,769 ihp / 6,542 Kw = 19.00 kts
 Range 5,500nm at 12.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 1,051 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
 251 - 327

Cost:
 £0.307 million / $1.227 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 239 tons, 6.0 %
 Armour: 1,318 tons, 32.9 %
    - Belts: 488 tons, 12.2 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 155 tons, 3.9 %
    - Armament: 366 tons, 9.1 %
    - Armour Deck: 287 tons, 7.2 %
    - Conning Tower: 22 tons, 0.5 %
 Machinery: 675 tons, 16.8 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,148 tons, 28.6 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 749 tons, 18.7 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   4,445 lbs / 2,016 Kg = 25.9 x 7.0 " / 178 mm shells or 1.2 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.02
 Metacentric height 1.2 ft / 0.4 m
 Roll period: 14.5 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 52 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.92
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.17

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has a flush deck,
   a ram bow and a cruiser stern
 Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.602 / 0.613
 Length to Beam Ratio: 7.14 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 16.58 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 57 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 44
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -3.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -3.00 ft / -0.91 m
 Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
    Fore end,  Aft end
    - Forecastle: 20.00 %,  19.00 ft / 5.79 m,  13.00 ft / 3.96 m
    - Forward deck: 30.00 %,  13.00 ft / 3.96 m,  13.00 ft / 3.96 m
    - Aft deck: 35.00 %,  13.00 ft / 3.96 m,  13.00 ft / 3.96 m
    - Quarter deck: 15.00 %,  13.00 ft / 3.96 m,  13.00 ft / 3.96 m
    - Average freeboard:  13.48 ft / 4.11 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 162.4 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 76.5 %
 Waterplane Area: 7,758 Square feet or 721 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 111 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 80 lbs/sq ft or 390 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.88
  - Longitudinal: 3.20
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped

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