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Friday, August 03, 2007

Another attempt a the 1903 battleship-cruiser design

Apparently, the primary problem with my first attempt at the 1903 battleship-cruiser design was heavy machinery. By lightening the machinery weight, the design became much better. This is a ship with 8-12in/45 and 12-6in QF guns. The belt is now 8in/11in, the deck is 3in and the torpedo bulkhead is 2in. That makes for a better ship, as you would expect:
GB/BB/1903, Great Britain Battleship-Cruiser laid down 1903 (Engine 1908)

Displacement:
 21,019 t light; 21,948 t standard; 24,480 t normal; 26,505 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
 (583.00 ft / 575.00 ft) x 84.00 ft x (27.00 / 28.90 ft)
 (177.70 m / 175.26 m) x 25.60 m  x (8.23 / 8.81 m)

Armament:
      8 - 12.00" / 305 mm 45.0 cal guns - 850.00lbs / 385.55kg shells, 90 per gun
   Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1903 Model
   2 x Twin mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
   2 x Twin mounts on sides, forward deck aft
      12 - 6.00" / 152 mm 45.0 cal guns - 100.00lbs / 45.36kg shells, 150 per gun
   Quick firing guns in casemate mounts, 1903 Model
   6 x Single mounts on sides, forward deck aft
   6 x Single mounts on sides, aft deck forward
      Weight of broadside 8,000 lbs / 3,629 kg

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 11.0" / 279 mm 380.00 ft / 115.82 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
 Ends: 4.00" / 102 mm 120.00 ft / 36.58 m 12.00 ft / 3.66 m
   75.00 ft / 22.86 m Unarmoured ends
 Upper: 8.00" / 203 mm 380.00 ft / 115.82 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
   Main Belt covers 102 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  2.00" / 51 mm 380.00 ft / 115.82 m 26.00 ft / 7.92 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 11.0" / 279 mm 8.00" / 203 mm  11.0" / 279 mm
 2nd: 5.00" / 127 mm 4.00" / 102 mm  5.00" / 127 mm

   - Protected deck - single deck: 3.00" / 76 mm For and Aft decks
 Forecastle: 3.00" / 76 mm  Quarter deck: 3.00" / 76 mm

   - Conning towers: Forward 11.00" / 279 mm,  Aft 0.00" / 0 mm

Machinery:
 Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines, 
 Direct drive, 4 shafts, 52,697 ihp / 39,312 Kw = 24.00 kts
 Range 5,600nm at 14.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 4,557 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
 978 - 1,272

Cost:
 £2.119 million / $8.475 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 1,462 tons, 6.0 %
 Armour: 7,635 tons, 31.2 %
    - Belts: 2,719 tons, 11.1 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 731 tons, 3.0 %
    - Armament: 1,903 tons, 7.8 %
    - Armour Deck: 2,082 tons, 8.5 %
    - Conning Tower: 200 tons, 0.8 %
 Machinery: 4,791 tons, 19.6 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 7,131 tons, 29.1 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,461 tons, 14.1 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   29,306 lbs / 13,293 Kg = 33.9 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 4.0 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.28
 Metacentric height 6.0 ft / 1.8 m
 Roll period: 14.4 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 68 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.50
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.36

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak,
   a ram bow and a cruiser stern
 Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.657 / 0.665
 Length to Beam Ratio: 6.85 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 23.98 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 52 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -3.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -3.00 ft / -0.91 m
 Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
    Fore end,  Aft end
    - Forecastle: 30.00 %,  24.00 ft / 7.32 m,  24.00 ft / 7.32 m
    - Forward deck: 33.00 %,  24.00 ft / 7.32 m,  24.00 ft / 7.32 m
    - Aft deck: 22.00 %,  16.00 ft / 4.88 m,  16.00 ft / 4.88 m
    - Quarter deck: 15.00 %,  16.00 ft / 4.88 m,  16.00 ft / 4.88 m
    - Average freeboard:  21.04 ft / 6.41 m
 Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 118.2 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 150.9 %
 Waterplane Area: 37,238 Square feet or 3,460 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 102 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 145 lbs/sq ft or 708 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.96
  - Longitudinal: 1.49
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

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