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Friday, May 04, 2007

How about a "Large" Ger/CB/1937 design?

I have been toying with very large ship designs since the 1960's. When I was at the University of Michigan, my roommate knew someone in naval architecture who said that very large ships were impractical, due to the skin friction involved. That was before the advent of the super-large ships that we know see, such as super tankers and the monster cruise ships. My design is for a 33-knot battlecruiser with 9-20in guns, firing 4,250 lbs APCBC rounds. One odd feature of doing this design was that I was able to increase hull strength by adding beam. This is the Springsharp report:
Ger/CB/1937  Large, Germany Battlecruiser laid down 1937

Displacement:
 113,634 t light; 119,563 t standard; 126,823 t normal; 132,632 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
 (1,160.19 ft / 1,150.00 ft) x 160.00 ft x (37.00 / 38.44 ft)
 (353.63 m / 350.52 m) x 48.77 m  x (11.28 / 11.72 m)

Armament:
      9 - 20.00" / 508 mm 50.0 cal guns - 4,250.00lbs / 1,927.77kg shells, 150 per gun
   Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1937 Model
   3 x Triple mounts on centreline ends, majority forward
  1 raised mount - superfiring
      16 - 6.00" / 152 mm 55.0 cal guns - 115.00lbs / 52.16kg shells, 150 per gun
   Quick firing guns in turret on barbette mounts , 1937 Model
   8 x Single mounts on sides, forward deck aft
      16 - 4.00" / 102 mm 45.0 cal guns - 32.00lbs / 14.51kg shells, 150 per gun
   Anti-air guns in deck and hoist mounts , 1937 Model
   8 x Twin mounts on sides, evenly spread
  8 raised mounts
      64 - 1.46" / 37.0 mm 60.0 cal guns - 1.69lbs / 0.77kg shells, 150 per gun
   Anti-air guns in deck mounts , 1937 Model
   32 x Twin mounts on sides, evenly spread
  24 raised mounts
 Weight of broadside 40,710 lbs / 40,710 kg

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 18.0" / 457 mm 760.00 ft / 231.65 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
 Upper: 13.0" / 330 mm 760.00 ft / 231.65 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
   Main Belt covers 102 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  8.00" / 203 mm 760.00 ft / 231.65 m 37.00 ft / 11.28 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 18.0" / 457 mm 13.0" / 330 mm  18.0" / 457 mm
 2nd: 6.00" / 152 mm 4.00" / 102 mm  6.00" / 152 mm
 3rd: 1.00" / 25 mm 1.00" / 25 mm  1.00" / 25 mm

   - Armour deck: 8.00" / 203 mm, Conning tower: 18.00" / 457 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 6 shafts, 403,808 shp / 301,241 Kw = 33.00 kts
 Range 12,000nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 13,069 tons

Complement:
 3,359 - 4,368

Cost:
 £53.254 million / $213.016 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 7,033 tons, 5.5 %
 Armour: 46,704 tons, 36.8 %
    - Belts: 8,139 tons, 6.4 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 8,324 tons, 6.6 %
    - Armament: 8,363 tons, 6.6 %
    - Armour Deck: 20,900 tons, 16.5 %
    - Conning Tower: 979 tons, 0.8 %
 Machinery: 11,192 tons, 8.8 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 50,715 tons, 40.0 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 13,189 tons, 10.4 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   234,954 lbs / 106,574 Kg = 58.7 x 20.0 " / 508 mm shells or 60.9 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.34
 Metacentric height 17.1 ft / 5.2 m
 Roll period: 16.3 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 59 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.32
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.17

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has a flush deck,
   a normal bow and a cruiser stern
 Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.652 / 0.656
 Length to Beam Ratio: 7.19 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 33.91 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 49 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 11.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 3.00 ft / 0.91 m
 Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
    Fore end,  Aft end
    - Forecastle: 20.00 %,  37.00 ft / 11.28 m,  31.00 ft / 9.45 m
    - Forward deck: 30.00 %,  31.00 ft / 9.45 m,  28.00 ft / 8.53 m
    - Aft deck: 30.00 %,  28.00 ft / 8.53 m,  29.00 ft / 8.84 m
    - Quarter deck: 20.00 %,  29.00 ft / 8.84 m,  30.00 ft / 9.14 m
    - Average freeboard:  29.98 ft / 9.14 m
 Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 68.7 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 232.2 %
 Waterplane Area: 141,213 Square feet or 13,119 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 116 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 282 lbs/sq ft or 1,378 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 1.07
  - Longitudinal: 0.98
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

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