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Sunday, February 27, 2005

Cliff's GB/BB/1912 design

My friend Cliff's design for a 1912 battleship that he intended to build in numbers ended up larger in Springsharp than he had hoped back in 1971. The design had 9-15in/42 BLR and 14-6in QF guns, with a 14in belt and 7in deck. The tanti-torpedo bulkhead was 2in. The best information that I have is a cross section that shows the armor arrangement. He only wanted 22 knots, although the design could easily have been a 26 knot ship, since the length was 700ft. I had the most problems with stability, and I don't totally understand the issues, except that perhaps I was overly generous with turret and barbette armor. I'm not absolutely sure about the ram or plow boq, but that is what I think that Cliff intended. This is the Springsharp report:
GB/BB/1912 (Macbeth class), Great Britain Battleship laid down 1912 (Engine 1917)

Displacement:
 36,250 t light; 37,928 t standard; 41,511 t normal; 44,377 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 700.00 ft / 700.00 ft x 105.00 ft x 33.00 ft (normal load)
 213.36 m / 213.36 m x 32.00 m  x 10.06 m

Armament:
      9 - 15.00" / 381 mm guns (3x3 guns), 1,687.50lbs / 765.44kg shells, 1912 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, majority forward, all raised mounts - superfiring
      14 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1912 Model
   Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, evenly spread, 12 raised mounts
 Weight of broadside 16,700 lbs / 7,575 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 90

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 14.0" / 356 mm 460.00 ft / 140.21 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 101 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  2.00" / 51 mm 460.00 ft / 140.21 m 28.00 ft / 8.53 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 14.0" / 356 mm 9.00" / 229 mm  14.0" / 356 mm
 2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm       -         -

   - Armour deck: 7.00" / 178 mm, Conning tower: 9.00" / 229 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Direct drive, 4 shafts, 48,341 shp / 36,062 Kw = 22.00 kts
 Range 9,600nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 6,449 tons

Complement:
 1,453 - 1,890

Cost:
 £3.270 million / $13.081 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 2,087 tons, 5.0 %
 Armour: 16,518 tons, 39.8 %
    - Belts: 4,478 tons, 10.8 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 953 tons, 2.3 %
    - Armament: 3,899 tons, 9.4 %
    - Armour Deck: 6,955 tons, 16.8 %
    - Conning Tower: 232 tons, 0.6 %
 Machinery: 1,772 tons, 4.3 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 15,872 tons, 38.2 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 5,261 tons, 12.7 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   70,218 lbs / 31,851 Kg = 41.6 x 15.0 " / 381 mm shells or 13.1 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.03
 Metacentric height 5.7 ft / 1.7 m
 Roll period: 18.4 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 72 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.77
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.76

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.599
 Length to Beam Ratio: 6.67 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 26.46 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 41 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 41
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -2.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  31.00 ft / 9.45 m
    - Forecastle (67 %): 28.00 ft / 8.53 m
    - Mid (67 %):  28.00 ft / 8.53 m (20.00 ft / 6.10 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 20.00 ft / 6.10 m
    - Stern:  20.00 ft / 6.10 m
    - Average freeboard: 26.16 ft / 7.97 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 64.4 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 140.8 %
 Waterplane Area: 53,706 Square feet or 4,989 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 113 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 205 lbs/sq ft or 1,000 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.94
  - Longitudinal: 1.79
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
 Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

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