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Thursday, November 16, 2006

A bigger, faster, well-protected Italian cruiser: the It/CA/1941

The It/CA/1941 design is quite a bit larger than the It/CA/1937 design and can make 35 knots. It as the same armament and protection as the earlier design, but is longer and has a greater tonnage. The Standard displacement is 16,201 tons. This is a considerably better ship than what the Italians actually built. This is the Springsharp report:
It/CA/1941, Italy Heavy Cruiser laid down 1941 (Engine 1945)

Displacement:
 15,686 t light; 16,201 t standard; 17,000 t normal; 17,639 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 674.71 ft / 672.00 ft x 69.00 ft x 21.00 ft (normal load)
 205.65 m / 204.83 m x 21.03 m  x 6.40 m

Armament:
      8 - 8.00" / 203 mm guns (4x2 guns), 256.00lbs / 116.12kg shells, 1941 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline, all forward, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
      8 - 4.70" / 119 mm guns (4x2 guns), 51.91lbs / 23.55kg shells, 1941 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, all amidships
      28 - 1.46" / 37.0 mm guns (14x2 guns), 1.55lbs / 0.70kg shells, 1941 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts 
   on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
 Weight of broadside 2,507 lbs / 1,137 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 120
 8 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 5.00" / 127 mm 440.00 ft / 134.11 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 101 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  1.00" / 25 mm 440.00 ft / 134.11 m 21.00 ft / 6.40 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 5.00" / 127 mm 3.00" / 76 mm  5.00" / 127 mm
 2nd: 1.00" / 25 mm       -   1.00" / 25 mm

   - Armour deck: 3.00" / 76 mm, Conning tower: 5.00" / 127 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 170,080 shp / 126,880 Kw = 35.00 kts
 Range 4,800nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 1,439 tons

Complement:
 743 - 967

Cost:
 £8.738 million / $34.952 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 313 tons, 1.8 %
 Armour: 4,477 tons, 26.3 %
    - Belts: 1,473 tons, 8.7 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 342 tons, 2.0 %
    - Armament: 689 tons, 4.1 %
    - Armour Deck: 1,902 tons, 11.2 %
    - Conning Tower: 71 tons, 0.4 %
 Machinery: 4,295 tons, 25.3 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 6,600 tons, 38.8 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,314 tons, 7.7 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   22,983 lbs / 10,425 Kg = 89.8 x 8.0 " / 203 mm shells or 2.7 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.16
 Metacentric height 3.8 ft / 1.2 m
 Roll period: 14.9 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 53 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.46
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.06

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.611
 Length to Beam Ratio: 9.74 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 25.92 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 61 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 5.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  31.00 ft / 9.45 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 29.00 ft / 8.84 m
    - Mid (50 %):  29.00 ft / 8.84 m (21.00 ft / 6.40 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
    - Stern:  21.00 ft / 6.40 m
    - Average freeboard: 25.16 ft / 7.67 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 135.8 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 191.1 %
 Waterplane Area: 34,264 Square feet or 3,183 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 109 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 120 lbs/sq ft or 584 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.95
  - Longitudinal: 1.50
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

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