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Saturday, July 21, 2007

The GB/CA/1909 armoured cruiser

The Blue Book has several references to an armoured cruiser with 6-12in/50 and 8-6in/50 guns. The armour basis is 6in and the deck, amidships, is 3in. The design works reasonably well in Springsharp, and the default machinery weight produces power for 27 knots. This is a photograph of one of the ships:

This is the Springsharp report:
GB/CA/1907, Great Britain Armoured Cruiser laid down 1909

Displacement:
 15,134 t light; 15,827 t standard; 17,600 t normal; 19,019 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
 (555.00 ft / 550.00 ft) x 80.00 ft x (25.00 / 26.60 ft)
 (169.16 m / 167.64 m) x 24.38 m  x (7.62 / 8.11 m)

Armament:
      6 - 12.00" / 305 mm 50.0 cal guns - 914.66lbs / 414.88kg shells, 90 per gun
   Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1909 Model
   2 x Triple mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
      8 - 6.00" / 152 mm 50.0 cal guns - 100.00lbs / 45.36kg shells, 150 per gun
   Quick firing guns in casemate mounts, 1909 Model
   8 x Single mounts on sides, forward deck aft
  8 hull mounts in casemates- Limited use in heavy seas
      Weight of broadside 6,288 lbs / 2,852 kg

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 6.00" / 152 mm 350.00 ft / 106.68 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 98 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  1.00" / 25 mm 350.00 ft / 106.68 m 25.00 ft / 7.62 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 6.00" / 152 mm 6.00" / 152 mm  6.00" / 152 mm
 2nd: 4.00" / 102 mm 4.00" / 102 mm  4.00" / 102 mm

   - Protected deck - single deck: 3.00" / 76 mm For and Aft decks
 Forecastle: 2.00" / 51 mm  Quarter deck: 2.00" / 51 mm

   - Conning towers: Forward 6.00" / 152 mm,  Aft 0.00" / 0 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Direct drive, 4 shafts, 67,326 shp / 50,225 Kw = 27.00 kts
 Range 5,600nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 3,192 tons

Complement:
 763 - 993

Cost:
 £1.575 million / $6.301 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 1,257 tons, 7.1 %
 Armour: 4,240 tons, 24.1 %
    - Belts: 1,454 tons, 8.3 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 324 tons, 1.8 %
    - Armament: 872 tons, 5.0 %
    - Armour Deck: 1,503 tons, 8.5 %
    - Conning Tower: 87 tons, 0.5 %
 Machinery: 3,060 tons, 17.4 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 6,576 tons, 37.4 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,466 tons, 14.0 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   26,909 lbs / 12,206 Kg = 31.1 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 3.5 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.25
 Metacentric height 5.4 ft / 1.6 m
 Roll period: 14.5 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 72 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.71
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.43

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has low quarterdeck ,
   a ram bow and a cruiser stern
 Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.560 / 0.569
 Length to Beam Ratio: 6.88 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 23.45 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 56 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -2.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
    Fore end,  Aft end
    - Forecastle: 25.00 %,  29.00 ft / 8.84 m,  28.00 ft / 8.53 m
    - Forward deck: 30.00 %,  28.00 ft / 8.53 m,  28.00 ft / 8.53 m
    - Aft deck: 12.00 %,  28.00 ft / 8.53 m,  28.00 ft / 8.53 m
    - Quarter deck: 33.00 %,  20.00 ft / 6.10 m,  20.00 ft / 6.10 m
    - Average freeboard:  25.46 ft / 7.76 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 117.5 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 216.7 %
 Waterplane Area: 30,997 Square feet or 2,880 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 108 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 149 lbs/sq ft or 725 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.90
  - Longitudinal: 2.45
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
 Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

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