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Sunday, December 04, 2005

A 1914 8-in gunned heavy cruiser

I thought an 8-in gunned heavy cruiser for 1914 might be an interesting design to try. The main difficulty is that I don't see the British building a cruiser with 8in guns in 1914. Aside from that, this seems viable. The armament is 8-8in BLR, 4-4.7in QF guns with shields, 2-3in AA guns, and 4-21in TT in deck mounts. The armour basis is 4in with a 2in deck. The maximum speed is 30 knots with a 15 knot cruising speed for a range of 4,800 miles. Of course, I used oil-fired boilers. This is the Sprinsharp report:
GB/CA/1914, Great Britain Cruiser laid down 1914

Displacement:
 10,487 t light; 10,852 t standard; 11,750 t normal; 12,469 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 546.42 ft / 545.00 ft x 72.00 ft x 21.00 ft (normal load)
 166.55 m / 166.12 m x 21.95 m  x 6.40 m

Armament:
      8 - 8.00" / 203 mm guns (4x2 guns), 256.00lbs / 116.12kg shells, 1914 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
      4 - 4.70" / 119 mm guns in single mounts, 50.00lbs / 22.68kg shells, 1914 Model
   Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, evenly spread
      2 - 3.00" / 76.2 mm guns in single mounts, 13.00lbs / 5.90kg shells, 1914 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, evenly spread
 Weight of broadside 2,274 lbs / 1,031 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 100
 4 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 440.00 ft / 134.11 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 124 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  1.00" / 25 mm 440.00 ft / 134.11 m 20.00 ft / 6.10 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 3.00" / 76 mm  4.00" / 102 mm
 2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm       -   2.00" / 51 mm

   - Armour deck: 2.00" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 4.00" / 102 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Direct drive, 4 shafts, 65,366 shp / 48,763 Kw = 30.00 kts
 Range 4,800nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 1,617 tons

Complement:
 563 - 733

Cost:
 £1.221 million / $4.883 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 285 tons, 2.4 %
 Armour: 2,989 tons, 25.4 %
    - Belts: 1,152 tons, 9.8 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 326 tons, 2.8 %
    - Armament: 462 tons, 3.9 %
    - Armour Deck: 1,005 tons, 8.6 %
    - Conning Tower: 45 tons, 0.4 %
 Machinery: 2,518 tons, 21.4 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 4,695 tons, 40.0 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,263 tons, 10.7 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   17,885 lbs / 8,112 Kg = 69.9 x 8.0 " / 203 mm shells or 2.8 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.22
 Metacentric height 4.4 ft / 1.3 m
 Roll period: 14.4 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 55 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.35
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.10

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
   and transom stern
 Block coefficient: 0.499
 Length to Beam Ratio: 7.57 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 27.27 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 59 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 3.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  27.00 ft / 8.23 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 24.00 ft / 7.32 m
    - Mid (67 %):  24.00 ft / 7.32 m (16.00 ft / 4.88 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
    - Stern:  16.00 ft / 4.88 m
    - Average freeboard: 21.60 ft / 6.58 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 122.2 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 186.1 %
 Waterplane Area: 27,165 Square feet or 2,524 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 114 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 117 lbs/sq ft or 572 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.94
  - Longitudinal: 1.73
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

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