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Thursday, December 15, 2005

Another attempt at an 8in gun cruiser from 1914

I wanted to try again to design a series of 8in gun British cruisers, starting in 1914. I would have liked a higher speed, but 28.5 knots was what was readily achievable. The armour basis is 4in with a 2in deck. This is the Springsharp report:
GB/CA/1914, Great Britain Cruiser laid down 1914

Displacement:
 8,359 t light; 8,747 t standard; 9,700 t normal; 10,462 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 546.36 ft / 545.00 ft x 56.00 ft x 20.00 ft (normal load)
 166.53 m / 166.12 m x 17.07 m  x 6.10 m

Armament:
      7 - 8.00" / 203 mm guns in single mounts, 256.00lbs / 116.12kg shells, 1914 Model
   Breech loading guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on centreline ends, majority forward, 3 raised mounts - superfiring
      8 - 4.70" / 119 mm guns in single mounts, 51.91lbs / 23.55kg shells, 1914 Model
   Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, all amidships
      2 - 3.00" / 76.2 mm guns in single mounts, 13.50lbs / 6.12kg shells, 1914 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, evenly spread
 Weight of broadside 2,234 lbs / 1,013 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 150
 4 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 520.00 ft / 158.50 m 12.00 ft / 3.66 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 147 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  1.00" / 25 mm 520.00 ft / 158.50 m 18.00 ft / 5.49 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 3.00" / 76 mm  4.00" / 102 mm
 2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm  2.00" / 51 mm

   - Armour deck: 2.00" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 4.00" / 102 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Direct drive, 4 shafts, 55,251 shp / 41,217 Kw = 28.50 kts
 Range 5,400nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 1,715 tons

Complement:
 488 - 635

Cost:
 £1.050 million / $4.201 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 279 tons, 2.9 %
 Armour: 2,394 tons, 24.7 %
    - Belts: 980 tons, 10.1 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 346 tons, 3.6 %
    - Armament: 236 tons, 2.4 %
    - Armour Deck: 793 tons, 8.2 %
    - Conning Tower: 39 tons, 0.4 %
 Machinery: 2,128 tons, 21.9 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,557 tons, 36.7 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,341 tons, 13.8 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   12,616 lbs / 5,723 Kg = 49.3 x 8.0 " / 203 mm shells or 1.9 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.18
 Metacentric height 2.9 ft / 0.9 m
 Roll period: 13.9 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 64 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.76
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.28

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.556
 Length to Beam Ratio: 9.73 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 23.35 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 54 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 3.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  26.00 ft / 7.92 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 22.00 ft / 6.71 m
    - Mid (67 %):  22.00 ft / 6.71 m (14.00 ft / 4.27 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
    - Stern:  14.00 ft / 4.27 m
    - Average freeboard: 19.68 ft / 6.00 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 146.0 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 150.5 %
 Waterplane Area: 21,424 Square feet or 1,990 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 109 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 100 lbs/sq ft or 489 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.96
  - Longitudinal: 1.47
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

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