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Sunday, December 17, 2006

My attempt at the German Mackensen class battlecruiser design

The German Mackensen class battlecruiser design seemed like a good candidate to try in Springsharp. The ship has 8-13.4in BLR, 14-5.9in QF, and 8-88mm AA guns. The ship also has 5-23.6in TT, underwater. The belt is 13.8in at the thickest part. The speed is 28.75 knots. The dimensions, in feet, are: 735ft x 99.75ft x 27.5ft. This is the Springsharp report:
Mackensen class, Germany Battlecruiser laid down 1914 (Engine 1915)

Displacement:
 30,237 t light; 31,568 t standard; 35,200 t normal; 38,106 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 734.91 ft / 734.91 ft x 99.74 ft x 27.56 ft (normal load)
 224.00 m / 224.00 m x 30.40 m  x 8.40 m

Armament:
      8 - 13.39" / 340 mm guns (4x2 guns), 1,199.24lbs / 543.97kg shells, 1914 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
      14 - 5.91" / 150 mm guns in single mounts, 102.98lbs / 46.71kg shells, 1914 Model
   Quick firing guns in casemate mounts 
   on side, all amidships
   14 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
      8 - 0.35" / 8.8 mm guns in single mounts, 0.02lbs / 0.01kg shells, 1914 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, evenly spread, 4 raised mounts
 Weight of broadside 11,036 lbs / 5,006 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 100
 5 - 23.6" / 600 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 13.8" / 350 mm 413.39 ft / 126.00 m 9.84 ft / 3.00 m
 Ends: 5.91" / 150 mm 278.87 ft / 85.00 m 9.84 ft / 3.00 m
   42.65 ft / 13.00 m Unarmoured ends
 Upper: 8.66" / 220 mm 413.39 ft / 126.00 m 9.84 ft / 3.00 m
   Main Belt covers 87 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  2.36" / 60 mm 413.39 ft / 126.00 m 27.56 ft / 8.40 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 12.6" / 320 mm 7.09" / 180 mm  11.4" / 290 mm
 2nd: 7.87" / 200 mm 5.91" / 150 mm  1.97" / 50 mm

   - Armour deck: 1.18" / 30 mm, Conning tower: 11.81" / 300 mm

Machinery:
 Coal fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 120,745 shp / 90,076 Kw = 28.75 kts
 Range 9,700nm at 13.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 6,538 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
 1,284 - 1,670

Cost:
 £3.718 million / $14.873 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 1,379 tons, 3.9 %
 Armour: 10,217 tons, 29.0 %
    - Belts: 4,657 tons, 13.2 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 996 tons, 2.8 %
    - Armament: 3,109 tons, 8.8 %
    - Armour Deck: 1,182 tons, 3.4 %
    - Conning Tower: 273 tons, 0.8 %
 Machinery: 5,031 tons, 14.3 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 13,609 tons, 38.7 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4,963 tons, 14.1 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   51,441 lbs / 23,333 Kg = 42.9 x 13.4 " / 340 mm shells or 7.2 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.15
 Metacentric height 6.5 ft / 2.0 m
 Roll period: 16.5 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 63 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.56
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.26

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has a flush deck
 Block coefficient: 0.610
 Length to Beam Ratio: 7.37 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 27.11 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 52 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -6.56 ft / -2.00 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  31.17 ft / 9.50 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 26.25 ft / 8.00 m
    - Mid (63 %):  26.25 ft / 8.00 m
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 26.25 ft / 8.00 m
    - Stern:  26.25 ft / 8.00 m
    - Average freeboard: 26.64 ft / 8.12 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 98.6 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 210.7 %
 Waterplane Area: 54,106 Square feet or 5,027 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 112 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 177 lbs/sq ft or 863 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.97
  - Longitudinal: 1.35
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

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