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Sunday, November 20, 2005

A Japanese armoured cruiser laid down in 1905

I thought that I would try a design in Springsharp that would be similar to what my alternate history series. I did a design for a Japanese armoured cruiser with a 25 knot speed, 6in belt, and 8-8in guns. The ship underperforms, possibly from the armouring scheme. The fact that coal-fired boilers are used is probably a large factor. The main armament would be in echelon. This is the Springsharp report:
Jap/CA/1905, Japan Armoured Cruiser laid down 1905

Displacement:
 14,026 t light; 14,529 t standard; 16,950 t normal; 18,887 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 550.00 ft / 550.00 ft x 75.00 ft x 26.00 ft (normal load)
 167.64 m / 167.64 m x 22.86 m  x 7.92 m

Armament:
      8 - 8.00" / 203 mm guns (4x2 guns), 256.00lbs / 116.12kg shells, 1905 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, evenly spread
      16 - 4.00" / 102 mm guns in single mounts, 32.00lbs / 14.51kg shells, 1905 Model
   Quick firing guns in casemate mounts 
   on side, all amidships
   12 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
 Weight of broadside 2,560 lbs / 1,161 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 110
 4 - 18.0" / 457.2 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 6.00" / 152 mm 465.00 ft / 141.73 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
 Ends: 4.00" / 102 mm   85.00 ft / 25.91 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
   Main Belt covers 130 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  1.50" / 38 mm 465.00 ft / 141.73 m 24.00 ft / 7.32 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 7.00" / 178 mm 5.00" / 127 mm  7.00" / 178 mm
 2nd: 5.00" / 127 mm 5.00" / 127 mm  5.00" / 127 mm

   - Armour deck: 2.00" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 7.00" / 178 mm

Machinery:
 Coal fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Direct drive, 4 shafts, 47,680 shp / 35,569 Kw = 25.00 kts
 Range 4,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 4,358 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
 742 - 965

Cost:
 £1.316 million / $5.264 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 320 tons, 1.9 %
 Armour: 4,665 tons, 27.5 %
    - Belts: 2,021 tons, 11.9 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 619 tons, 3.7 %
    - Armament: 857 tons, 5.1 %
    - Armour Deck: 1,068 tons, 6.3 %
    - Conning Tower: 100 tons, 0.6 %
 Machinery: 3,973 tons, 23.4 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 5,067 tons, 29.9 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,924 tons, 17.3 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   21,168 lbs / 9,602 Kg = 82.7 x 8.0 " / 203 mm shells or 3.0 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.37
 Metacentric height 5.6 ft / 1.7 m
 Roll period: 13.3 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 74 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.24
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.48

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.553
 Length to Beam Ratio: 7.33 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 23.45 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 51 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -2.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  26.00 ft / 7.92 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 23.00 ft / 7.01 m
    - Mid (67 %):  23.00 ft / 7.01 m (15.00 ft / 4.57 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 15.00 ft / 4.57 m
    - Stern:  15.00 ft / 4.57 m
    - Average freeboard: 20.60 ft / 6.28 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 128.3 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 154.1 %
 Waterplane Area: 28,873 Square feet or 2,682 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 112 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 115 lbs/sq ft or 562 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.95
  - Longitudinal: 1.56
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
 Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

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