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Wednesday, February 01, 2006

How about a Japanese battleship: J/BB/1914

The next obvious series seemed to be the Japanese, and I would start with the 1914 battleship design: J/BB/1914. I found that to do what I expected the size was inflated. Springsharp likes the result, so I do as well. The obvious starting point was for a main armament of 12-14in guns in twin turrets and a 23 knot speed. I wanted a suitable range for Pacific warfare, so design has a range of 10,000nm at 15 knots. That probably is a factor in the size inflation. This is the Springsharp report:
J/BB/1914, Japan Battleship laid down 1914

Displacement:
 29,105 t light; 30,700 t standard; 34,400 t normal; 37,360 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 686.96 ft / 685.00 ft x 102.00 ft x 31.00 ft (normal load)
 209.38 m / 208.79 m x 31.09 m  x 9.45 m

Armament:
      12 - 14.00" / 356 mm guns (6x2 guns), 1,372.00lbs / 622.33kg shells, 1914 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline, evenly spread, 3 raised mounts
      16 - 5.50" / 140 mm guns in single mounts, 83.19lbs / 37.73kg shells, 1914 Model
   Breech loading guns in casemate mounts 
   on side, all amidships, 8 raised mounts - superfiring
      2 - 3.00" / 76.2 mm guns in single mounts, 13.50lbs / 6.12kg shells, 1914 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
      8 - 2.24" / 57.0 mm guns in single mounts, 5.65lbs / 2.56kg shells, 1914 Model
   Quick firing guns in deck mounts 
   on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
 Weight of broadside 17,867 lbs / 8,104 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 90
 4 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 10.0" / 254 mm 570.00 ft / 173.74 m 12.00 ft / 3.66 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 128 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  2.00" / 51 mm 570.00 ft / 173.74 m 30.00 ft / 9.14 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 11.0" / 279 mm 8.00" / 203 mm  10.0" / 254 mm
 2nd: 5.00" / 127 mm 5.00" / 127 mm  5.00" / 127 mm

   - Armour deck: 3.00" / 76 mm, Conning tower: 11.00" / 279 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Direct drive, 4 shafts, 50,548 shp / 37,709 Kw = 23.00 kts
 Range 10,000nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 6,660 tons

Complement:
 1,262 - 1,641

Cost:
 £4.031 million / $16.125 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 2,233 tons, 6.5 %
 Armour: 10,924 tons, 31.8 %
    - Belts: 2,812 tons, 8.2 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 1,265 tons, 3.7 %
    - Armament: 3,875 tons, 11.3 %
    - Armour Deck: 2,721 tons, 7.9 %
    - Conning Tower: 251 tons, 0.7 %
 Machinery: 1,947 tons, 5.7 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 14,000 tons, 40.7 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 5,295 tons, 15.4 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   49,233 lbs / 22,331 Kg = 35.9 x 14.0 " / 356 mm shells or 8.4 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.05
 Metacentric height 5.6 ft / 1.7 m
 Roll period: 18.1 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 76 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.96
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.53

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.556
 Length to Beam Ratio: 6.72 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 26.17 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 43 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 4.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  28.00 ft / 8.53 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Mid (67 %):  25.00 ft / 7.62 m (17.00 ft / 5.18 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
    - Stern:  17.00 ft / 5.18 m
    - Average freeboard: 22.60 ft / 6.89 m
 Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 85.7 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 168.6 %
 Waterplane Area: 49,031 Square feet or 4,555 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 105 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 202 lbs/sq ft or 988 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.95
  - Longitudinal: 1.55
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
 Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

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