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Tuesday, March 28, 2006

The F/CA/1916 design actually has a mixed armament

The F/CA/1916 design has somewhat of a pre-Dreadnought flavor, in that the armament is mixed, although it resembles a more conventional, uniform armament. If the design did not have a secondary armament of 5.5in guns, it would be quite conventional. With the secondary armament, we see shades of the late 19th or early 20th Century (much earlier than 1916). The AA armament has been increased, due to year and the size of the ship. The speed was raised to 31 knots, but the range kept at the rather short 5,400nm at 15 knots. The ships probably would be used on the Atlantic coast and the Mediterranean Sea, so long range is less of an issue. This is the Springsharp report:
F/CA/1916, France Cruiser laid down 1916 (Engine 1920)

Displacement:
 10,328 t light; 10,728 t standard; 11,600 t normal; 12,297 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 618.96 ft / 615.00 ft x 60.00 ft x 19.00 ft (normal load)
 188.66 m / 187.45 m x 18.29 m  x 5.79 m

Armament:
      9 - 7.68" / 195 mm guns in single mounts, 226.24lbs / 102.62kg shells, 1916 Model
   Breech loading guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on centreline, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts
      8 - 5.51" / 140 mm guns in single mounts, 83.72lbs / 37.98kg shells, 1916 Model
   Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, all amidships
      4 - 3.54" / 90.0 mm guns in single mounts, 22.24lbs / 10.09kg shells, 1916 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts 
   on side, all amidships, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
      16 - 1.85" / 47.0 mm guns in single mounts, 3.17lbs / 1.44kg shells, 1916 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts 
   on side, evenly spread, 8 raised mounts
 Weight of broadside 2,846 lbs / 1,291 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 100

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 400.00 ft / 121.92 m 12.00 ft / 3.66 m
 Ends: 3.00" / 76 mm 175.00 ft / 53.34 m 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
   40.00 ft / 12.19 m Unarmoured ends
   Main Belt covers 100 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  1.00" / 25 mm 400.00 ft / 121.92 m 18.00 ft / 5.49 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 3.00" / 76 mm  4.00" / 102 mm
 2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm  2.00" / 51 mm

   - Armour deck: 2.00" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 4.00" / 102 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 82,941 shp / 61,874 Kw = 31.00 kts
 Range 5,400nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 1,569 tons

Complement:
 558 - 726

Cost:
 £1.745 million / $6.979 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 356 tons, 3.1 %
 Armour: 2,573 tons, 22.2 %
    - Belts: 994 tons, 8.6 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 266 tons, 2.3 %
    - Armament: 289 tons, 2.5 %
    - Armour Deck: 979 tons, 8.4 %
    - Conning Tower: 44 tons, 0.4 %
 Machinery: 2,900 tons, 25.0 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 4,500 tons, 38.8 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,272 tons, 11.0 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   13,850 lbs / 6,282 Kg = 61.2 x 7.7 " / 195 mm shells or 1.9 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.22
 Metacentric height 3.3 ft / 1.0 m
 Roll period: 13.8 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 56 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.68
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.12

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.579
 Length to Beam Ratio: 10.25 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 24.80 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 55 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 4.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 2.00 ft / 0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  28.00 ft / 8.53 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 23.00 ft / 7.01 m
    - Mid (67 %):  23.00 ft / 7.01 m (15.00 ft / 4.57 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 15.00 ft / 4.57 m
    - Stern:  15.00 ft / 4.57 m
    - Average freeboard: 20.76 ft / 6.33 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 156.5 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 187.8 %
 Waterplane Area: 26,465 Square feet or 2,459 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 103 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 107 lbs/sq ft or 522 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.99
  - Longitudinal: 1.16
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

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