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Monday, March 06, 2006

The J/CL/1933 is a great advancement

The J/CL/1937 design is much more capable than its immediate predecessor. The armament was greatly improved with four triple 6.1in turrets and 8-5in DP guns in twin mounts. The light AA armament was slightly increased, as well. The displacement was not much changed, as the normal displacement was 12,900 tons. The freeboard and beam were increased, and that improved the hull strength. That is sufficient for a 36-knot ships with a 7,500nm range at 15 knots. This is the Springsharp report:

J/CL/1933, Japan Light Cruiser laid down 1933 (Engine 1943)

Displacement:
 11,303 t light; 11,781 t standard; 12,800 t normal; 13,615 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 656.71 ft / 652.00 ft x 61.00 ft x 20.00 ft (normal load)
 200.17 m / 198.73 m x 18.59 m  x 6.10 m

Armament:
      12 - 6.10" / 155 mm guns (4x3 guns), 113.62lbs / 51.54kg shells, 1933 Model
   Quick firing guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
      8 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns (4x2 guns), 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1933 Model
   Dual purpose guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, all amidships
      32 - 2.24" / 57.0 mm guns (16x2 guns), 5.65lbs / 2.56kg shells, 1933 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts 
   on side, all amidships, 12 raised mounts - superfiring
 Weight of broadside 2,044 lbs / 927 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 180
 8 - 24.0" / 609.6 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 3.00" / 76 mm 475.00 ft / 144.78 m 12.00 ft / 3.66 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 112 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  1.00" / 25 mm 475.00 ft / 144.78 m 19.00 ft / 5.79 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 3.00" / 76 mm 2.00" / 51 mm  2.00" / 51 mm

   - Armour deck: 1.00" / 25 mm, Conning tower: 3.00" / 76 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 156,021 shp / 116,391 Kw = 36.00 kts
 Range 7,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 1,833 tons

Complement:
 601 - 782

Cost:
 £5.552 million / $22.206 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 256 tons, 2.0 %
 Armour: 1,820 tons, 14.2 %
    - Belts: 698 tons, 5.5 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 334 tons, 2.6 %
    - Armament: 233 tons, 1.8 %
    - Armour Deck: 520 tons, 4.1 %
    - Conning Tower: 35 tons, 0.3 %
 Machinery: 4,029 tons, 31.5 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 5,198 tons, 40.6 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,497 tons, 11.7 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   12,433 lbs / 5,639 Kg = 109.4 x 6.1 " / 155 mm shells or 1.6 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.24
 Metacentric height 3.5 ft / 1.1 m
 Roll period: 13.6 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 51 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.50
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.03

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.563
 Length to Beam Ratio: 10.69 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 25.53 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 61 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 5.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 2.00 ft / 0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  31.00 ft / 9.45 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Mid (67 %):  25.00 ft / 7.62 m (17.00 ft / 5.18 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
    - Stern:  17.00 ft / 5.18 m
    - Average freeboard: 22.84 ft / 6.96 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 175.6 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 166.2 %
 Waterplane Area: 28,103 Square feet or 2,611 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 107 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 110 lbs/sq ft or 536 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.96
  - Longitudinal: 1.46
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

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