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Monday, May 15, 2006

A 105,000 ton battleship design

The next page in the Red Book is a set of specifications, although incomplete, for a 105,000 ton German battleship. Germany is not mentioned, but I believe that there is, elsewhere, a sketch that mentions that fact. The armament is 9-19.75in guns, and I assumed a 24-5in QF gun secondary armament. The only other thing that I worked to achieve was the 280,000 SHP machinery. I had hoped for 31 knots for that power, but Springsharp gave me 30.7 knots, instead, which is quite good, given how I had estimated the power back in the early 1970's. This is the Springsharp report:
Ger/BB/1917, Germany Battleship laid down 1917 (Engine 1927)

Displacement:
    96,451 t light; 100,375 t standard; 105,000 t normal; 108,700 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
    1,089.24 ft / 1,085.00 ft x 140.00 ft x 34.00 ft (normal load)
    332.00 m / 330.71 m x 42.67 m  x 10.36 m

Armament:
      9 - 19.75" / 502 mm guns (3x3 guns), 3,851.87lbs / 1,747.18kg shells, 1917 Model
      Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
      on centreline ends, majority forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
      24 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns (12x2 guns), 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1917 Model
      Quick firing guns in turrets (on barbettes)
      on side, all amidships, 4 raised mounts - superfiring
    Weight of broadside 36,167 lbs / 16,405 kg
    Shells per gun, main battery: 90

Armour:
   - Belts:        Width (max)    Length (avg)        Height (avg)
    Main:    18.0" / 457 mm    650.00 ft / 198.12 m    17.00 ft / 5.18 m
    Ends:    Unarmoured
      Main Belt covers 92 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
        7.00" / 178 mm    650.00 ft / 198.12 m    33.00 ft / 10.06 m

   - Gun armour:    Face (max)    Other gunhouse (avg)    Barbette/hoist (max)
    Main:    18.0" / 457 mm    12.0" / 305 mm        18.0" / 457 mm
    2nd:    5.00" / 127 mm    5.00" / 127 mm        5.00" / 127 mm

   - Armour deck: 7.00" / 178 mm, Conning tower: 18.00" / 457 mm

Machinery:
    Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
    Geared drive, 4 shafts, 280,433 shp / 209,203 Kw = 30.70 kts
    Range 7,500nm at 15.00 kts
    Bunker at max displacement = 8,326 tons

Complement:
    2,916 - 3,791

Cost:
    £15.296 million / $61.183 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
    Armament: 4,521 tons, 4.3 %
    Armour: 38,388 tons, 36.6 %
       - Belts: 8,702 tons, 8.3 %
       - Torpedo bulkhead: 5,556 tons, 5.3 %
       - Armament: 7,337 tons, 7.0 %
       - Armour Deck: 15,930 tons, 15.2 %
       - Conning Tower: 863 tons, 0.8 %
    Machinery: 8,852 tons, 8.4 %
    Hull, fittings & equipment: 44,690 tons, 42.6 %
    Fuel, ammunition & stores: 8,549 tons, 8.1 %
    Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
    Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
      182,463 lbs / 82,764 Kg = 47.4 x 19.8 " / 502 mm shells or 40.4 torpedoes
    Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.25
    Metacentric height 12.4 ft / 3.8 m
    Roll period: 16.7 seconds
    Steadiness    - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 58 %
            - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.43
    Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.16

Hull form characteristics:
    Hull has a flush deck
    Block coefficient: 0.712
    Length to Beam Ratio: 7.75 : 1
    'Natural speed' for length: 32.94 kts
    Power going to wave formation at top speed: 47 %
    Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
    Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 4.00 degrees
    Stern overhang: 2.00 ft / 0.61 m
    Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
       - Stem:        32.00 ft / 9.75 m
       - Forecastle (20 %):    26.00 ft / 7.92 m
       - Mid (50 %):        26.00 ft / 7.92 m
       - Quarterdeck (15 %):    26.00 ft / 7.92 m
       - Stern:        26.00 ft / 7.92 m
       - Average freeboard:    26.48 ft / 8.07 m
    Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
    Space    - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 70.2 %
        - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 208.9 %
    Waterplane Area: 123,010 Square feet or 11,428 Square metres
    Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 114 %
    Structure weight / hull surface area: 285 lbs/sq ft or 1,391 Kg/sq metre
    Hull strength (Relative):
        - Cross-sectional: 1.19
        - Longitudinal: 0.94
        - Overall: 1.00
    Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
    Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

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