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Monday, August 21, 2006

The GB/BB/1912 design

My friend Cliff's design for the GB/BB/1912 design over-specified the size of the ship. Back in 1971, we had overestimated the weight of machinery to achieve 80,000 SHP in 1912. Springsharp's numbers were such that I increased the speed way up to 29 knots. I had to radically decrease the displacement to get the ideal utilization of capabilities, so that the strength is 1.0. The ship is 650ft x 100ft x 28.7ft, with 9-12in and 8-6in QF guns. The armour basis is 13in. This is the Springsharp report:
GB/BB/1912, Great Britain Battleship laid down 1912

Displacement:
    25,110 t light; 26,119 t standard; 28,500 t normal; 30,405 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
    650.00 ft / 650.00 ft x 100.00 ft x 28.70 ft (normal load)
    198.12 m / 198.12 m x 30.48 m  x 8.75 m

Armament:
      9 - 12.00" / 305 mm guns (3x3 guns), 864.00lbs / 391.90kg shells, 1912 Model
      Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
      on centreline ends, majority forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
      8 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1912 Model
      Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
      on side, all amidships
    Weight of broadside 8,640 lbs / 3,919 kg
    Shells per gun, main battery: 90

Armour:
   - Belts:        Width (max)    Length (avg)        Height (avg)
    Main:    13.0" / 330 mm    390.00 ft / 118.87 m    8.00 ft / 2.44 m
    Ends:    Unarmoured
    Upper:    8.00" / 203 mm    190.00 ft / 57.91 m    8.00 ft / 2.44 m
      Main Belt covers 92 % of normal length
      Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
        2.00" / 51 mm    390.00 ft / 118.87 m    28.00 ft / 8.53 m

   - Gun armour:    Face (max)    Other gunhouse (avg)    Barbette/hoist (max)
    Main:    13.0" / 330 mm    8.00" / 203 mm        13.0" / 330 mm
    2nd:    4.00" / 102 mm    4.00" / 102 mm        4.00" / 102 mm

   - Armour deck: 3.00" / 76 mm, Conning tower: 13.00" / 330 mm

Machinery:
    Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
    Direct drive, 4 shafts, 112,797 shp / 84,147 Kw = 29.00 kts
    Range 6,500nm at 15.00 kts
    Bunker at max displacement = 4,286 tons

Complement:
    1,096 - 1,425

Cost:
    £2.416 million / $9.663 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
    Armament: 1,080 tons, 3.8 %
    Armour: 8,428 tons, 29.6 %
       - Belts: 2,462 tons, 8.6 %
       - Torpedo bulkhead: 808 tons, 2.8 %
       - Armament: 2,415 tons, 8.5 %
       - Armour Deck: 2,482 tons, 8.7 %
       - Conning Tower: 261 tons, 0.9 %
    Machinery: 4,497 tons, 15.8 %
    Hull, fittings & equipment: 11,104 tons, 39.0 %
    Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,390 tons, 11.9 %
    Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
    Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
      39,518 lbs / 17,925 Kg = 45.7 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 6.0 torpedoes
    Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.16
    Metacentric height 6.6 ft / 2.0 m
    Roll period: 16.4 seconds
    Steadiness    - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 56 %
            - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.42
    Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.12

Hull form characteristics:
    Hull has rise forward of midbreak
    Block coefficient: 0.535
    Length to Beam Ratio: 6.50 : 1
    'Natural speed' for length: 25.50 kts
    Power going to wave formation at top speed: 56 %
    Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
    Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -2.00 degrees
    Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
    Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
       - Stem:        30.00 ft / 9.14 m
       - Forecastle (20 %):    26.00 ft / 7.92 m
       - Mid (67 %):        26.00 ft / 7.92 m (18.00 ft / 5.49 m aft of break)
       - Quarterdeck (15 %):    18.00 ft / 5.49 m
       - Stern:        18.00 ft / 5.49 m
       - Average freeboard:    23.68 ft / 7.22 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
    Space    - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 99.9 %
        - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 184.8 %
    Waterplane Area: 44,719 Square feet or 4,154 Square metres
    Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 109 %
    Structure weight / hull surface area: 175 lbs/sq ft or 855 Kg/sq metre
    Hull strength (Relative):
        - Cross-sectional: 0.94
        - Longitudinal: 1.67
        - Overall: 1.00
    Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
    Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

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