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Wednesday, July 27, 2005

The "short" German Ger/BB/1915 design is rather bizarre

The salient feature of the Ger/BB/1915 Short design is the abnormally deep draft. The draft, at 42.7ft is too deep, really, but that is what was planned. The drawing has dimesions and displacement, but is otherwise bereft of detail. I have taken another run at estimating characteristics and doing a Springsharp design. This is a 65,000 ton ship of only 700ft length, but with 9-18in and 24-5in guns. I assumed an armor basis of 18in. I suspect that I did not realize, back in 1971, that a decent speed might be achievable. The short length was a drastic weight-saving measure, and it seems to have worked. This is the Springsharp report:
Ger/BB/1915 short, Germany Battleship laid down 1915

Displacement:
 55,547 t light; 58,093 t standard; 65,000 t normal; 70,525 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 702.62 ft / 700.00 ft x 120.00 ft x 42.70 ft (normal load)
 214.16 m / 213.36 m x 36.58 m  x 13.01 m

Armament:
      9 - 18.00" / 457 mm guns (3x3 guns), 2,916.00lbs / 1,322.68kg shells, 1915 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, majority forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
      24 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns (12x2 guns), 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1915 Model
   Quick firing guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on side, all amidships, 4 raised mounts - superfiring
 Weight of broadside 27,744 lbs / 12,584 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 80

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 18.0" / 457 mm 425.00 ft / 129.54 m 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 93 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  4.00" / 102 mm 425.00 ft / 129.54 m 40.00 ft / 12.19 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 18.0" / 457 mm 12.0" / 305 mm  18.0" / 457 mm
 2nd: 5.00" / 127 mm 5.00" / 127 mm  5.00" / 127 mm

   - Armour deck: 8.00" / 203 mm, Conning tower: 18.00" / 457 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 143,768 shp / 107,251 Kw = 27.00 kts
 Range 8,500nm at 18.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 12,432 tons

Complement:
 2,035 - 2,646

Cost:
 £8.174 million / $32.696 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 3,468 tons, 5.3 %
 Armour: 24,965 tons, 38.4 %
    - Belts: 5,867 tons, 9.0 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 2,516 tons, 3.9 %
    - Armament: 6,568 tons, 10.1 %
    - Armour Deck: 9,387 tons, 14.4 %
    - Conning Tower: 627 tons, 1.0 %
 Machinery: 5,446 tons, 8.4 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 21,668 tons, 33.3 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 9,453 tons, 14.5 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   84,351 lbs / 38,261 Kg = 28.9 x 18.0 " / 457 mm shells or 14.7 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.03
 Metacentric height 7.0 ft / 2.1 m
 Roll period: 19.1 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 56 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.72
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.11

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.634
 Length to Beam Ratio: 5.83 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 26.46 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 56 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 5.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -1.00 ft / -0.30 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  30.00 ft / 9.14 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 28.00 ft / 8.53 m
    - Mid (67 %):  28.00 ft / 8.53 m (20.00 ft / 6.10 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 20.00 ft / 6.10 m
    - Stern:  20.00 ft / 6.10 m
    - Average freeboard: 25.52 ft / 7.78 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 80.7 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 153.1 %
 Waterplane Area: 63,424 Square feet or 5,892 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 102 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 239 lbs/sq ft or 1,166 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.92
  - Longitudinal: 2.07
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

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