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Monday, August 29, 2005

My ideas in the mid-to-late 1970's for a large battleship

In the 1970's, I was very interested in reducing the length of the armored citadel in battleships and battlecruisers. This is a design study that I did in the mid-to-late 1970's for a battleship with 27 knot speed and 8-20in/45 guns. The armor basis is only 16in. The dimensions are 935ft x 125ft x 35ft. There are two quadruple turrets forward, with the second superfiring the first. The secondary armament is at the upper deck level with 6-4in AA guns a level higher. The bridge structure is vaguely influenced byu the Richelieu, as is the armament layout. This is the Stringsharp report:
GB/BB/1927, Great Britain Battleship laid down 1927

Displacement:
 60,794 t light; 63,666 t standard; 67,500 t normal; 70,567 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 930.52 ft / 925.00 ft x 125.00 ft x 35.00 ft (normal load)
 283.62 m / 281.94 m x 38.10 m  x 10.67 m

Armament:
      8 - 20.00" / 508 mm guns (2x4 guns), 4,000.00lbs / 1,814.37kg shells, 1927 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, evenly spread, 1 raised mount
      16 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns (6 mounts), 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1927 Model
   Quick firing guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on side ends, evenly spread
      6 - 4.00" / 102 mm guns in single mounts, 32.00lbs / 14.51kg shells, 1927 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
 Weight of broadside 33,920 lbs / 15,386 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 80

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 16.0" / 406 mm 560.00 ft / 170.69 m 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 93 % of normal length

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 18.0" / 457 mm 10.0" / 254 mm  16.0" / 406 mm
 2nd: 6.00" / 152 mm 6.00" / 152 mm  6.00" / 152 mm
 3rd: 2.00" / 51 mm       -         -

   - Armour deck: 6.00" / 152 mm, Conning tower: 16.00" / 406 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 129,971 shp / 96,958 Kw = 27.00 kts
 Range 8,750nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 6,900 tons

Complement:
 2,093 - 2,722

Cost:
 £22.777 million / $91.109 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 4,240 tons, 6.3 %
 Armour: 21,805 tons, 32.3 %
    - Belts: 6,650 tons, 9.9 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
    - Armament: 5,338 tons, 7.9 %
    - Armour Deck: 9,245 tons, 13.7 %
    - Conning Tower: 571 tons, 0.8 %
 Machinery: 4,103 tons, 6.1 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 30,647 tons, 45.4 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 6,706 tons, 9.9 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   102,633 lbs / 46,554 Kg = 25.7 x 20.0 " / 508 mm shells or 6.5 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.08
 Metacentric height 8.1 ft / 2.5 m
 Roll period: 18.4 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 75 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.91
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.50

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has a flush deck
 Block coefficient: 0.584
 Length to Beam Ratio: 7.40 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 30.41 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 42 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 4.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 3.00 ft / 0.91 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  36.00 ft / 10.97 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 27.00 ft / 8.23 m
    - Mid (50 %):  27.00 ft / 8.23 m
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 27.00 ft / 8.23 m
    - Stern:  27.00 ft / 8.23 m
    - Average freeboard: 27.72 ft / 8.45 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 66.7 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 204.7 %
 Waterplane Area: 83,292 Square feet or 7,738 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 106 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 267 lbs/sq ft or 1,304 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.97
  - Longitudinal: 1.43
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
 Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

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