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Sunday, October 30, 2005

A 1910 British Light Cruiser

This is my attempt at a fairly fast 1910 British ocean-going light cruiser. I went with a 4in belt and a 2in deck. The speed is just 26 knots, but faster than the ships that were nominally 25 knots. The armament is 8-6in guns. I punted in that I did not do a detailed breakdown with guns and the ends and then guns on the beam. The size had to balloon more than I liked in order to achieve the proper composite strength. Apparently, for smallish ships, we accept a shorter roll period, and are happy that it is as long as it is. This is the Springsharp report:
GB/CL/1910, Great Britain Light Cruiser laid down 1910

Displacement:
 4,839 t light; 5,046 t standard; 5,825 t normal; 6,448 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 463.75 ft / 460.00 ft x 47.00 ft x 16.00 ft (normal load)
 141.35 m / 140.21 m x 14.33 m  x 4.88 m

Armament:
      8 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1910 Model
   Breech loading guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side ends, evenly spread
      2 - 3.00" / 76.2 mm guns in single mounts, 13.50lbs / 6.12kg shells, 1910 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts 
   on side, all amidships
 Weight of broadside 891 lbs / 404 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 180

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 300.00 ft / 91.44 m 12.00 ft / 3.66 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 100 % of normal length

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 4.00" / 102 mm       -         -

   - Armour deck: 2.00" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 4.00" / 102 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Direct drive, 2 shafts, 30,277 shp / 22,586 Kw = 26.00 kts
 Range 5,000nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 1,403 tons

Complement:
 333 - 433

Cost:
 £0.438 million / $1.752 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 111 tons, 1.9 %
 Armour: 1,322 tons, 22.7 %
    - Belts: 602 tons, 10.3 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
    - Armament: 112 tons, 1.9 %
    - Armour Deck: 579 tons, 9.9 %
    - Conning Tower: 28 tons, 0.5 %
 Machinery: 1,251 tons, 21.5 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 2,155 tons, 37.0 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 986 tons, 16.9 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   9,334 lbs / 4,234 Kg = 86.4 x 6.0 " / 152 mm shells or 1.5 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.18
 Metacentric height 2.2 ft / 0.7 m
 Roll period: 13.4 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 91 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.69
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.82

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.589
 Length to Beam Ratio: 9.79 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 21.45 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 54 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 4.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 2.00 ft / 0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  25.00 ft / 7.62 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 22.00 ft / 6.71 m
    - Mid (67 %):  22.00 ft / 6.71 m (14.00 ft / 4.27 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
    - Stern:  14.00 ft / 4.27 m
    - Average freeboard: 19.60 ft / 5.97 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 85.3 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 177.2 %
 Waterplane Area: 15,656 Square feet or 1,454 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 124 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 76 lbs/sq ft or 371 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.92
  - Longitudinal: 2.29
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
 Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

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