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Saturday, October 29, 2005

A pretty conventional, if large, 1916 British battleship-cruiser

I was looking at the Queen Victoria class page, and thought about my 1912 design for a battleship-cruiser. The next obvious step would be to design a 1916 battleship-cruiser. The layout is pretty conventional with 8-16in guns in twin turrets in the usual arrangement. The secondary battery is 16-5.5in QF guns. I am not looking for extreme speeds (in this case), but I wanted an advance over the 1912 ships. I chose a maximum speed of 29 knots. As usual, the ships are large. The armour basis is 14in, so the design is well-protected. This is the Springsharp report:
GB/BB/1916 Battleship-Cruiser, Great Britain Battleship-Cruiser laid down 1916

Displacement:
 41,176 t light; 43,002 t standard; 45,800 t normal; 48,038 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 814.31 ft / 812.00 ft x 104.00 ft x 30.00 ft (normal load)
 248.20 m / 247.50 m x 31.70 m  x 9.14 m

Armament:
      8 - 16.00" / 406 mm guns (4x2 guns), 2,048.00lbs / 928.96kg shells, 1916 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on side ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
      16 - 5.50" / 140 mm guns in single mounts, 83.19lbs / 37.73kg shells, 1916 Model
   Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, all amidships, 4 raised mounts - superfiring
      4 - 4.00" / 102 mm guns in single mounts, 32.00lbs / 14.51kg shells, 1916 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts with hoists
   on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
      24 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm guns (2x12 guns), 2.00lbs / 0.91kg shells, 1916 Model
   Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts 
   on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
 Weight of broadside 17,891 lbs / 8,115 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 90

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 14.0" / 356 mm 530.00 ft / 161.54 m 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 100 % of normal length

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 14.0" / 356 mm 10.0" / 254 mm  14.0" / 356 mm
 2nd: 4.00" / 102 mm       -         -

   - Armour deck: 5.00" / 127 mm, Conning tower: 14.00" / 356 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 141,818 shp / 105,796 Kw = 29.00 kts
 Range 6,500nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 5,037 tons

Complement:
 1,564 - 2,034

Cost:
 £6.643 million / $26.570 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 2,236 tons, 4.9 %
 Armour: 15,711 tons, 34.3 %
    - Belts: 5,407 tons, 11.8 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
    - Armament: 4,029 tons, 8.8 %
    - Armour Deck: 5,890 tons, 12.9 %
    - Conning Tower: 386 tons, 0.8 %
 Machinery: 5,284 tons, 11.5 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 17,945 tons, 39.2 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4,624 tons, 10.1 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   63,605 lbs / 28,851 Kg = 31.1 x 16.0 " / 406 mm shells or 4.5 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.08
 Metacentric height 6.2 ft / 1.9 m
 Roll period: 17.6 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 62 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.80
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.24

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.633
 Length to Beam Ratio: 7.81 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 28.50 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 50 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 4.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  33.00 ft / 10.06 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 27.00 ft / 8.23 m
    - Mid (67 %):  27.00 ft / 8.23 m (19.00 ft / 5.79 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 19.00 ft / 5.79 m
    - Stern:  19.00 ft / 5.79 m
    - Average freeboard: 24.84 ft / 7.57 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 74.3 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 192.2 %
 Waterplane Area: 63,672 Square feet or 5,915 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 104 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 202 lbs/sq ft or 987 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.98
  - Longitudinal: 1.20
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

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