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Tuesday, October 04, 2005

My concept for a British battleship-cruiser, circa 1910

I had a small sketch with specifications dating from January 1999 for a British battleship-cruiser or fast battleship. The dimensions were 620ft x 90ft x 27ft with a displacement of 23,500 tons. If that was intended to be normal, it turns out to be too low for Springsharp. I had to increase the displacement to 26,250 tons for there to be adequate composite strength. The increased length and reduced armament would lead you to believe that a higher speed than 21 knots was intended. In the Springsharp design, I opted for a 10in armor basis, in keeping with the idea of a higher speed. I was able to achieve 25 knots with all the compromises that had been made. The "look" is rather odd, having three funnels, no foremast, and a pole mainmast. This is the Springsharp report:
GB/CB/1910, Great Britain Battlecruiser laid down 1910

Displacement:
 23,084 t light; 24,075 t standard; 26,250 t normal; 27,990 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 620.00 ft / 620.00 ft x 90.00 ft x 27.00 ft (normal load)
 188.98 m / 188.98 m x 27.43 m  x 8.23 m

Armament:
      8 - 13.50" / 343 mm guns (4x2 guns), 1,230.19lbs / 558.00kg shells, 1910 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
      16 - 4.00" / 102 mm guns in single mounts, 32.00lbs / 14.51kg shells, 1910 Model
   Quick firing guns in casemate mounts 
   on side, evenly spread
   12 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
 Weight of broadside 10,354 lbs / 4,696 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 80

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 10.0" / 254 mm 435.00 ft / 132.59 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
 Ends: 4.00" / 102 mm 185.00 ft / 56.39 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
   Main Belt covers 108 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  2.00" / 51 mm 435.00 ft / 132.59 m 26.00 ft / 7.92 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 10.0" / 254 mm 6.00" / 152 mm  10.0" / 254 mm
 2nd: 6.00" / 152 mm 6.00" / 152 mm  6.00" / 152 mm

   - Armour deck: 3.00" / 76 mm, Conning tower: 10.00" / 254 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Direct drive, 4 shafts, 61,921 shp / 46,193 Kw = 25.00 kts
 Range 5,600nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 3,915 tons

Complement:
 1,030 - 1,340

Cost:
 £2.253 million / $9.013 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 1,294 tons, 4.9 %
 Armour: 9,038 tons, 34.4 %
    - Belts: 3,413 tons, 13.0 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 837 tons, 3.2 %
    - Armament: 2,312 tons, 8.8 %
    - Armour Deck: 2,286 tons, 8.7 %
    - Conning Tower: 190 tons, 0.7 %
 Machinery: 2,559 tons, 9.7 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 10,194 tons, 38.8 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,166 tons, 12.1 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   40,978 lbs / 18,587 Kg = 33.3 x 13.5 " / 343 mm shells or 6.6 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.09
 Metacentric height 5.0 ft / 1.5 m
 Roll period: 16.9 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 69 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.81
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.39

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.610
 Length to Beam Ratio: 6.89 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 24.90 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 50 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -1.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -1.00 ft / -0.30 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  28.00 ft / 8.53 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 26.00 ft / 7.92 m
    - Mid (65 %):  26.00 ft / 7.92 m (18.00 ft / 5.49 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
    - Stern:  18.00 ft / 5.49 m
    - Average freeboard: 23.36 ft / 7.12 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 88.3 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 179.3 %
 Waterplane Area: 41,187 Square feet or 3,826 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 107 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 172 lbs/sq ft or 841 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.95
  - Longitudinal: 1.63
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

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