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Sunday, June 19, 2005

My first Pre-Dreadnought design study: GB/BB/1901

I am guessing at the year, but 1901 seems fair. I have a pencil drawing and some detailed specifications for a Pre-Dreadnought British battleship. I'm calling it the GB/BB/1901. I had pretty detailed specifications:
  • Normal Displacement: 15,000 tons
  • Length: 435ft
  • Beam: 75ft
  • Hull Depth: 50ft
  • Draft: 29.9ft
  • Hull Weight Basis: 0.29
  • Prismatic Coefficient: 0.61
  • Midships Coefficient: 0.97
  • Armament: 4-12/40 (50 ton) and 12-6in/45 (8 ton)
  • Belt armour: 12in
  • Designed speed: 18 knots
  • Hull Weight: 4,720 tons
  • Machinery Weight: 1,484 tons
  • Auxiliary Machinery: 564 tons
  • Protection: 6,352 tons
  • Armament: 680 tons
  • Miscellaneous: 1,200 tons
This is the Springsharp report:
GB/BB/1901 Design Study, Great Britain Battleship laid down 1901

Displacement:
 13,333 t light; 13,640 t standard; 15,324 t normal; 16,672 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 435.00 ft / 435.00 ft x 75.00 ft x 30.00 ft (normal load)
 132.59 m / 132.59 m x 22.86 m  x 9.14 m

Armament:
     4 - 12.00" / 305 mm guns (2x2 guns), 864.00lbs / 391.90kg shells, 1901 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, evenly spread
     12 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1901 Model
   Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
   on side, all amidships
   4 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
 Weight of broadside 4,752 lbs / 2,155 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 0

Armour:
  - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 12.0" / 305 mm 250.00 ft / 76.20 m 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
 Ends: 6.00" / 152 mm 185.00 ft / 56.39 m 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
   Main Belt covers 88 % of normal length
   Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

  - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  1.50" / 38 mm 250.00 ft / 76.20 m 27.00 ft / 8.23 m

  - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 12.0" / 305 mm 7.00" / 178 mm  12.0" / 305 mm
 2nd: 6.00" / 152 mm 6.00" / 152 mm  6.00" / 152 mm

  - Armour deck: 2.50" / 64 mm, Conning tower: 12.00" / 305 mm

Machinery:
 Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
 Direct drive, 2 shafts, 13,805 ihp / 10,299 Kw = 18.00 kts
 Range 6,500nm at 12.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 3,032 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
 688 - 895

Cost:
 £1.263 million / $5.052 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 594 tons, 3.9 %
 Armour: 5,829 tons, 38.0 %
    - Belts: 3,018 tons, 19.7 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 375 tons, 2.4 %
    - Armament: 1,226 tons, 8.0 %
    - Armour Deck: 1,051 tons, 6.9 %
    - Conning Tower: 160 tons, 1.0 %
 Machinery: 2,124 tons, 13.9 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 4,786 tons, 31.2 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,991 tons, 13.0 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   21,050 lbs / 9,548 Kg = 24.4 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 3.6 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.12
 Metacentric height 4.0 ft / 1.2 m
 Roll period: 15.7 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 100 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.70
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 2.00

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has a flush deck
 Block coefficient: 0.548
 Length to Beam Ratio: 5.80 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 20.86 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 44 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -2.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  23.00 ft / 7.01 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
    - Mid (50 %):  21.00 ft / 6.40 m
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 21.00 ft / 6.40 m
    - Stern:  21.00 ft / 6.40 m
    - Average freeboard: 21.16 ft / 6.45 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 99.2 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 132.1 %
 Waterplane Area: 22,726 Square feet or 2,111 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 103 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 132 lbs/sq ft or 645 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.89
  - Longitudinal: 2.80
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
 Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

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