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Friday, June 17, 2005

The very compact 18-in gun battleship

I did a design study for a very short and deep battleship equipped with 9-18in/45 guns back in 1971. I'm not sure what the idea was, at this point, but it was sort of the lower limit of what was feasible. I believe that this study was a candidate for my German 1916 battleship construction. What I could do with Springsharp, in this case, exceeds what I thought possible in 1971, which is not the usual case:
Ger/BB/1916 small design study, Germany Battleship laid down 1916

Displacement:
 54,592 t light; 57,078 t standard; 62,000 t normal; 65,938 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
 702.68 ft / 700.00 ft x 120.00 ft x 41.00 ft (normal load)
 214.18 m / 213.36 m x 36.58 m  x 12.50 m

Armament:
      9 - 18.00" / 457 mm guns (3x3 guns), 2,916.00lbs / 1,322.68kg shells, 1916 Model
   Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on centreline ends, majority forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
      24 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns (12x2 guns), 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1916 Model
   Quick firing guns in turrets (on barbettes)
   on side, all amidships, 4 raised mounts - superfiring
 Weight of broadside 27,744 lbs / 12,584 kg
 Shells per gun, main battery: 80

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 18.0" / 457 mm 460.00 ft / 140.21 m 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
 Ends: Unarmoured
   Main Belt covers 101 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  3.00" / 76 mm 460.00 ft / 140.21 m 39.00 ft / 11.89 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 18.0" / 457 mm 9.00" / 229 mm  18.0" / 457 mm
 2nd: 4.00" / 102 mm 4.00" / 102 mm  4.00" / 102 mm

   - Armour deck: 7.00" / 178 mm, Conning tower: 16.00" / 406 mm

Machinery:
 Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
 Geared drive, 4 shafts, 139,573 shp / 104,122 Kw = 27.00 kts
 Range 10,000nm at 15.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 8,860 tons

Complement:
 1,963 - 2,553

Cost:
 £9.085 million / $36.339 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 3,468 tons, 5.6 %
 Armour: 23,597 tons, 38.1 %
    - Belts: 6,223 tons, 10.0 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 1,991 tons, 3.2 %
    - Armament: 6,661 tons, 10.7 %
    - Armour Deck: 8,182 tons, 13.2 %
    - Conning Tower: 540 tons, 0.9 %
 Machinery: 5,200 tons, 8.4 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 22,326 tons, 36.0 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 7,408 tons, 11.9 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   83,383 lbs / 37,822 Kg = 28.6 x 18.0 " / 457 mm shells or 13.6 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.01
 Metacentric height 6.7 ft / 2.0 m
 Roll period: 19.5 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 62 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.89
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.24

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has rise forward of midbreak
 Block coefficient: 0.630
 Length to Beam Ratio: 5.83 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 26.46 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 56 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 3.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: 1.00 ft / 0.30 m
 Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
    - Stem:  32.00 ft / 9.75 m
    - Forecastle (20 %): 32.00 ft / 9.75 m
    - Mid (67 %):  32.00 ft / 9.75 m (22.00 ft / 6.71 m aft of break)
    - Quarterdeck (15 %): 22.00 ft / 6.71 m
    - Stern:  22.00 ft / 6.71 m
    - Average freeboard: 28.70 ft / 8.75 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 82.9 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 179.2 %
 Waterplane Area: 63,179 Square feet or 5,870 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 100 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 244 lbs/sq ft or 1,191 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.91
  - Longitudinal: 2.29
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

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