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Saturday, January 08, 2005

One of my very fast British battlecruiser design studies

I am starting to understand how to get designs to "work" in Springsharp. I was able to get my 38 knot British battlecruiser of circa 1914 to get the "Design well balanced for a battleship or cruiser" performance designation. This is a "light battlecruiser" with 4-13.5in guns and I added 12-5.5in QF, as I had not showed a secondary armament in my sketch from "way back". If you are ready to greatly increase displacement, you can get most things to "work", even a ship as extreme as this. The report complains about seakeeping ability, however. That is something that is harder to achieve. This is the Springsharp report:
GB/CB/high speed a1, Great Britain Battlecruiser laid down 1914

Displacement:
	38,236 t light; 39,478 t standard; 41,732 t normal; 43,535 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
	851.19 ft / 850.00 ft x 95.00 ft x 28.00 ft (normal load)
	259.44 m / 259.08 m x 28.96 m  x 8.53 m

Armament:
      4 - 13.50" / 343 mm guns (2x2 guns), 1,230.19lbs / 558.00kg shells, 1914 Model
	  Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
	  on centreline, evenly spread, all raised mounts
      12 - 5.50" / 140 mm guns (5 mounts), 83.19lbs / 37.73kg shells, 1914 Model
	  Quick firing guns in deck mounts 
	  on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
	Weight of broadside 5,919 lbs / 2,685 kg
	Shells per gun, main battery: 120

Armour:
   - Belts:		Width (max)	Length (avg)		Height (avg)
	Main:	6.00" / 152 mm	465.00 ft / 141.73 m	16.00 ft / 4.88 m
	Ends:	Unarmoured
	  Main Belt covers 84 % of normal length
	  Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
		1.50" / 38 mm	465.00 ft / 141.73 m	27.00 ft / 8.23 m

   - Gun armour:	Face (max)	Other gunhouse (avg)	Barbette/hoist (max)
	Main:	9.00" / 229 mm	6.00" / 152 mm		8.00" / 203 mm
	2nd:	1.00" / 25 mm	      -			      -

   - Armour deck: 3.00" / 76 mm

Machinery:
	Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
	Geared drive, 6 shafts, 386,340 shp / 288,210 Kw = 38.00 kts
	Range 5,000nm at 15.00 kts
	Bunker at max displacement = 4,057 tons

Complement:
	1,459 - 1,897

Cost:
	£5.146 million / $20.584 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
	Armament: 740 tons, 1.8 %
	Armour: 7,320 tons, 17.5 %
	   - Belts: 1,946 tons, 4.7 %
	   - Torpedo bulkhead: 697 tons, 1.7 %
	   - Armament: 1,257 tons, 3.0 %
	   - Armour Deck: 3,421 tons, 8.2 %
	   - Conning Tower: 0 tons, 0.0 %
	Machinery: 14,882 tons, 35.7 %
	Hull, fittings & equipment: 15,294 tons, 36.6 %
	Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,495 tons, 8.4 %
	Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
	Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
	  32,934 lbs / 14,939 Kg = 26.8 x 13.5 " / 343 mm shells or 3.2 torpedoes
	Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.30
	Metacentric height 7.4 ft / 2.3 m
	Roll period: 14.6 seconds
	Steadiness	- As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 45 %
			- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.36
	Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 0.81

Hull form characteristics:
	Hull has rise forward of midbreak
	Block coefficient: 0.646
	Length to Beam Ratio: 8.95 : 1
	'Natural speed' for length: 29.15 kts
	Power going to wave formation at top speed: 62 %
	Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
	Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 2.00 degrees
	Stern overhang: -1.00 ft / -0.30 m
	Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
	   - Stem:		34.00 ft / 10.36 m
	   - Forecastle (18 %):	32.00 ft / 9.75 m
	   - Mid (75 %):		32.00 ft / 9.75 m (22.00 ft / 6.71 m aft of break)
	   - Quarterdeck (18 %):	22.00 ft / 6.71 m
	   - Stern:		22.00 ft / 6.71 m
	   - Average freeboard:	29.64 ft / 9.03 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
	Space	- Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 163.5 %
		- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 248.2 %
	Waterplane Area: 61,633 Square feet or 5,726 Square metres
	Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 97 %
	Structure weight / hull surface area: 167 lbs/sq ft or 817 Kg/sq metre
	Hull strength (Relative):
		- Cross-sectional: 0.99
		- Longitudinal: 1.16
		- Overall: 1.00
	Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
	Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
	Poor seaboat, wet and uncomfortable, reduced performance in heavy weather

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