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Tuesday, January 04, 2005

The GB/BB/1906 fast battleship design

My friend Cliff designed a British fast battleship that had good armor, speed, and a light armament. I called the design GB/BB/1906, as that was the year of the estimates in which it was included for the first time. A later version had 12in/50 guns. I was able to run the design through Springsharp, and was able to reach an acceptable design. The only thing I didn't like was that I had to inflate the size too much, to 28,165 tons. At least the standard displacement is the right figure: 25,194 tons. This is the report:
GB/BB/1906 (Britannia), Great Britain Battleship laid down 1906

Displacement:
	24,286 t light; 25,194 t standard; 28,165 t normal; 30,543 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
	680.00 ft / 680.00 ft x 87.70 ft x 28.50 ft (normal load)
	207.26 m / 207.26 m x 26.73 m  x 8.69 m

Armament:
      6 - 12.00" / 305 mm guns (3x2 guns), 864.00lbs / 391.90kg shells, 1906 Model
	  Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
	  on centreline ends, majority forward, all raised mounts - superfiring
      8 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns (4x2 guns), 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1906 Model
	  Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
	  on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
	Weight of broadside 6,048 lbs / 2,743 kg
	Shells per gun, main battery: 100

Armour:
   - Belts:		Width (max)	Length (avg)		Height (avg)
	Main:	13.4" / 340 mm	360.00 ft / 109.73 m	16.00 ft / 4.88 m
	Ends:	Unarmoured
	  Main Belt covers 81 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
		1.50" / 38 mm	360.00 ft / 109.73 m	27.00 ft / 8.23 m

   - Gun armour:	Face (max)	Other gunhouse (avg)	Barbette/hoist (max)
	Main:	13.4" / 340 mm	7.00" / 178 mm		13.4" / 340 mm
	2nd:	3.38" / 86 mm	2.00" / 51 mm		2.00" / 51 mm

   - Armour deck: 4.50" / 114 mm, Conning tower: 6.75" / 171 mm

Machinery:
	Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, 
	Direct drive, 4 shafts, 52,361 shp / 39,062 Kw = 24.00 kts
	Range 6,000nm at 15.00 kts
	Bunker at max displacement = 5,349 tons

Complement:
	1,086 - 1,413

Cost:
	£1.961 million / $7.844 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
	Armament: 756 tons, 2.7 %
	Armour: 10,095 tons, 35.8 %
	   - Belts: 3,444 tons, 12.2 %
	   - Torpedo bulkhead: 539 tons, 1.9 %
	   - Armament: 2,414 tons, 8.6 %
	   - Armour Deck: 3,564 tons, 12.7 %
	   - Conning Tower: 135 tons, 0.5 %
	Machinery: 3,400 tons, 12.1 %
	Hull, fittings & equipment: 10,035 tons, 35.6 %
	Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,879 tons, 13.8 %
	Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
	Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
	  43,844 lbs / 19,887 Kg = 50.7 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 7.1 torpedoes
	Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.01
	Metacentric height 4.2 ft / 1.3 m
	Roll period: 18.0 seconds
	Steadiness	- As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 96 %
			- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.69
	Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.92

Hull form characteristics:
	Hull has raised forecastle, rise forward of midbreak
	Block coefficient: 0.580
	Length to Beam Ratio: 7.75 : 1
	'Natural speed' for length: 26.08 kts
	Power going to wave formation at top speed: 44 %
	Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
	Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -1.00 degrees
	Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m
	Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
	   - Stem:		31.00 ft / 9.45 m
	   - Forecastle (71 %):	30.00 ft / 9.14 m (29.50 ft / 8.99 m aft of break)
	   - Mid (71 %):		29.00 ft / 8.84 m (20.00 ft / 6.10 m aft of break)
	   - Quarterdeck (15 %):	20.00 ft / 6.10 m
	   - Stern:		21.00 ft / 6.40 m
	   - Average freeboard:	27.46 ft / 8.37 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
	Space	- Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 78.0 %
		- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 150.2 %
	Waterplane Area: 42,808 Square feet or 3,977 Square metres
	Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 123 %
	Structure weight / hull surface area: 152 lbs/sq ft or 743 Kg/sq metre
	Hull strength (Relative):
		- Cross-sectional: 0.95
		- Longitudinal: 1.60
		- Overall: 1.00
	Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
	Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
	Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
	Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

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